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云南语法二介词和介词短语,考点一时间介词1in,on,at,2.during,induring和in都表示一段时间。但during更加强调时间的延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。,3for,sincefor和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“for时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语，意为“自从(过去某时)以来”，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。,4in,afterin和after后都可以接时间段，表示“(时间)之后”，in用于将来时，after用于过去时。,5by,beforeby表示“截止；到为止”，包括其后的时间；before则表示“在某时之前”，不包括其后的时间。YoushouldgetyourhomeworkbyFriday.你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。(包含星期五)CanyoucomeandmeetmebeforeFriday？你能在星期五之前来见我吗？(不包含星期五),1(2018山东东营广饶模拟)Chinasfirsthomebuiltaircraftcarrier(航空母舰)hitthewaterinDalianthemorningofApril26,2017.AinBonCatDto,2(2018山东济南商河二模)WearegoingtogiveourEnglishteacherasurpriseTeachersDay.AonBatCinDby,3(2018山东菏泽单县模拟改编)Itisbelievedthat_December21st,1891,thefirstbasketballgameinhistorywasplayed.AinBatConDof,4(2018安徽蚌埠禹会二模)Mr.Brownarrivedattheairport5oclocktheeveningofSaturday.Ain;onBon;inCat;onDat;in,5(2018安徽蚌埠怀远九年级检测)Whattimedoyouexpectmetofinishthetask?Say,twohours.AbeforeBatCforDin,6(2018四川内江中考)TheaccidenttookplaceacoldNovemberevening.AonBinCatDfor,7(2018江苏南京中考)NeilArmstrongwasthefirstmantowalkonthemoon20July1969.AinBonCatDfor,考点二方位介词1across,through,pastacross强调从表面横过；through强调从内部穿过；past强调从旁边经过。,2in,on,over,abovein“在里面”，通常指被包含在某物之内；on“在上面”，与表面有接触，反义词是beneath；over“在之上”，指在物体的正上方或覆盖在物体表面，反义词是under；above“在之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定是垂直的正上方，其反义词是below。,3between,among表示在两者之间用between；在三者或三者以上之间用among。,4in/on/to方位名词的用法,1(2018甘肃白银中考)Theearthgoesthesun.AaroundBthroughCbetweenDacross2(2018天津中考)Inthepicture,hesitsme,lookingveryhappy.AbesideBamongCupDthrough,3(2018重庆中考B卷)Excuseme,isthereacomputerroominyourschool?Yes.Itsthefifthfloor.AonBinCatDto,4(2017山东德州中考)Awomanstoodthewindow,watchingthechildrenplayinggamesinthegarden.ApastBthroughCacrossDby,5(2019原创)HongKongisthesouthofChina,andMacaoliesthewestofHongKong.Ain;toBto;toCto;inDin;in,6(2017四川成都中考改编)IcantseeLucybecausesheisthetree.AinfrontofBbehindCnexttoDbefore,7(2017上海中考)ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCitytheairport.AatBunderConDwith,8(2019原创)Themoonlightisshininginthewindow.Everythingintheroomlooksnice.AoverBacrossCthroughDpast,考点三方式介词1in,by,within指“用”某种材料，“用”某种表达方式或度量单位，“用”某种语言或语言活动的方式；by“用方式”，后面常跟表示手段、交通方式的名词作宾语；with表示“用”一种具体的工具或手段。,2by,on,in交通工具当交通工具前没有限定词修饰时，介词只能用by；当交通工具前有限定词(冠词和物主代词等)时，介词可用on，也可用in,但不可用by。HehasreturnedtoBeijingbyair.他已乘飞机返回北京。Theygotoworkontheirbikes.他们是骑自行车上班的。Iwillpickyouupattheairportinmycar.我将开车去机场接你。,1(2019原创)Imadecoatmyhand.Itwasmadehandnotwithamachine.Ain;inBin;withCwith;byDwith;with,2(2019原创)Weareaskedtowriteink,thatis,apen.Awith;inBin;inCin;withDwith;with,3(2019原创)Todaymybikecantworksuddenly,soIwenttoschoolbus.AinBonCbyDwith4(2019原创)CanyouanswerthequestionFrench?AbyBwithCfromDin,5(2019原创)Tomwenttoschoolhisbike,andImyfatherscar.Ain;inBby;onCon;inDon;on,考点四其他常考介词1without“没有”，后面接名词或动名词。Shejustleftwithoutsayingaword.她一句话也没说就走了。2including“包含；包括”Thepriceis$100,includingyourmeals.价钱是100美元，包括你的饭钱。,3with“和；具有，带有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴随。Shecamebackwithaletterinherhand.她手里拿着一封信回来了。4against“反对；靠着，倚着”，反义词为for，表示“支持”。Thereisaladderagainstthewall.有架梯子靠在墙上。,5except,exceptfor,but,besides(1)except表示“除之外(不再有)”，强调不被包括在内。TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.办事处除了星期天以外天天开门。(2)exceptfor“除之外”，表示整体情况良好，局部出现问题。Thearticleisgoodexceptforsomespellingmistakes.除了一些拼写错误，这个文章整体还是很好的。,(3)but与except同义，表示“除了”，常用于noone,nobody,all等代词后。Theresnoonebutme.这里除了我没有别人。(4)besides“除之外还有”。WhatlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesChineseandEnglish？除了汉语和英语以外你还懂什么语言？,6as作介词，意思是“作为；以身份”。HecametoChinaasatouristfiveyearsago.他五年前以游客的身份来过中国。Englishisusedasaforeignlanguageinourcountry.英语作为一门外语在我国被使用。,1(2018安徽亳州利辛5月模拟)Yourmathisgood.Doyouhaveanyspecialwaystolearnit?No.Remember:Nothingcanbelearnedhardwork.AagainstBwithCthroughDwithout,2(2018安徽阜阳第九中学期末)Igavetheticketstoallthestudentstheoneswhohadalreadytakenthem.AexceptBbeyondCwithDamong,3(2019原创)Thirtypassengerswerehurt,fivechildren.AincludeBincludingCincludedDincludes,考点五介词短语abit(of)有一点儿afterawhile过了一会儿alittle一点儿allkindsof各种类型的；各种各样的alotof许多,apairof一双asetof一套；一副；一组aroundtheworld世界各地aslongas只要；既然atfirst起先；首先atlast最后atleast至少；不少于；起码,atnight/noon在夜里/中午atonce立刻attheageof.在岁时atthebeginningof.在之初attheendof.在之末atthefootof.在脚下atthesametime同时,at/ontheweekend在周末becauseof因为bedifferentfrom与不同；与有差异beinterestedin对感兴趣bemadeof由制成的besimilarto与相像的、类似的besureabout确信；对有把握,between.and.在和之间bybike/air/train/bus/sea骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车/船bytheendof.到底为止bytheway顺便说bythewindow在窗边byhand手工,bymistake错误地bythetime到时候byaccident偶然地farawayfrom远离forexample例如forsure无疑；肯定,fromnowon从现在起fromthenon从那时起from.to.从到inahurry匆忙inall总共,in(great)danger处于(极大)危险之中inEnglish用英语infact确切地说；事实上；实际上inthecountryside在乡下；在农村inthemiddleof在中间intime及时,inorderto为了inpublic公众；公开地insurprise惊奇地intheend最后inturn依次instyle时髦的,introuble处于困境中inarow一排；一列inaword总而言之insilence沉默inthefaceof面对lessthan少于,littlebylittle逐渐地morethan多于ofcourse当然one(large)bowlof.一(大)碗onfoot步行；走路ononeswayto某人在去的路上,ontheleft/right在左(右)边ontheotherhand另一方面ontheothersideof.在另一边ontime按时onvacation在度假onweekends在周末,onduty在值日onsale廉价销售ondisplay展览；陈列sofar到目前为止；迄今为止suchas例如；像这样thesameas和相同；与一致,thanksto幸亏toonesjoy/surprise使高兴/惊讶的是tobehonest老实说tostartwith在一开始withasmile面带笑容withoneshelp/withthehelpof在某人的帮助下；由于某人的帮助withonesowneyes亲眼所见,1(2018安徽宿州第五中学模拟)Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool,Emma?Thereare120teachers，eightywomenteachersandfortymenteachers.AinpersonBindangerCintotalDinpublic,2(2018安徽芜湖繁昌二模)Toprotecttheenvironment,weareencouragedtousechinacupsthepaperones.AaccordingtoBinsteadofCsuchasDtogetherwith,3(2018湖北孝感中考)Itsnotnecessarytofindafriendwhoisthesameyou.AinBasCtoDfrom,4(2018福建中考改编)Bluewhalesare.Weshouldtrytoprotectthem.AintimeBinpublicCindangerDinfact,5(2018山西中考改编)InChina,weareusingtheFASTtofindstars.Nowmoreandmorepeoplewanttoknowaboutthelargestradiotelescope(望远镜)intheworld.AinpersonBinpublicCinspaceDintime,
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