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.可编辑修改，可打印别找了你想要的都有！ 精品教育资料全册教案，试卷，教学课件，教学设计等一站式服务全力满足教学需求，真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源，打造完美教学模式第四讲Unit 4 Natural disasters.学习目标1. Unit 4重点单词、短语2. it作形式主语的用法.重点、难点分析 1、 What other natural disasters can you think of? 你还能想到其他的自然灾害？think of 想起，想到，认为辨析：think of, think about与think over（1）thinkof想出，记起，考虑Eg: Whothoughtoftheidea？ 谁想出的这个主意？（2）thinkabout思考，考虑 Eg: Illthinkaboutyoursuggestion，andgiveyouananswertomorrow我要考虑一下你的建议，明天给你答复。（3）thinkover意为“仔细考虑”。 Eg: Thinkover，andyoullfindaway 仔细考虑一下，你就会有办法的。【拓展】What do you think of? 是固定句型，意为“你觉得怎么样？”，相当于“How do you like?”。Eg: What do you think of the film? = How do you like the film?2、Because he is interested in the North and South Poles. 因为他对南北极感兴趣。be interested in 对.感兴趣， 后面跟名词或者动名词作宾语。The boy is interested in science.They are interested in playing computer games.辨析： interested与interestingInteresting表示事物本身具有使人产生兴趣之处；如The cat is interesting.而interested表示某人对某事感兴趣；如I am interested in the book bought yesterday.3、What would happen if our city was badly flooded? 如果我们的城市严重淹水，将会发生什么事情？happen是不及物动词。happen的用法主要有以下三种：（1）sth.+happen+地点/时间，意为某地/某时发生了某事。Eg：Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet. 那条街发生了一起事故。Whatshappeningoutside? 外面发生什么事了？（2）sth.+happento+sb.意为某人出了某事(常指不好的事发生在某人身上)。Eg: Acaraccidenthappenedtohimyesterday. 昨天他发生了交通事故。Whathappenedtoyou? (=Whatwaswrong/thematterwithyou?) 你怎么啦？（3）sb.+happen+todosth.意为某人碰巧做某事；或者”It happens + that从句”，意为“碰巧.”Eg: Ihappenedtomeetherinthestreet. 我碰巧在街上遇见她。IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled. 他来访时我碰巧不在。辨析：happen与take place1). take place 表示“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。Eg：Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place in Beijing. 2). happen作“发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。Eg：What happened to you? I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home.4、Would anyone remain alive? 还有人活着吗？ （1）remain此处作连系动词，意为“一直保持；仍然处于某种状态”，后面可接形容词、名词、动名词ing形式、动词ed形式或介词短语。Eg：Whatever achievements youve made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。【拓展】remain stay 都指“继续停留”或“继续保持某种状态、关系或行动。”remain 常可与stay 互换。 1）表示“继续呆在某处”时，应该用不及物动词remain或stayEg：Shall I go or stay? He remained in his seat after all the other students had gone home. 2）表示“继续保持或处于原来的状态”时，可用remain或stayEg： The door stayed closed. 3）表示“暂住、短期停留”时，只能用不及物动词stayEg：He is staying at Hilton Hotel.4）表示“残留、剩下”时，只能用不及物动词remainEg：Not much of the house remained after the fire. 5） remain 强调“继续停留于一处或保持原状态、情况性质而不改变”, stay强调“某人物继续留在原地而不离开Eg：This place remains cool all summer. He stayed to see the end of the game. （2）alive形容词，意为“活着的，在世的”。 Eg: Is the old man alive now?【注意】alive和living都可以表示“活着的”，但alive通常作表语或后置定语；而living修饰人或者物时需要前置。 Eg: All living things need air.5、It covered roads, parks and small houses. 水淹没了道路、公园和小房子。Cover 此处用作及物动词，意为“覆盖；盖上”，常与介词with搭配。cover with 意为“用把盖住”（表示动作）be covered with. 意为“被覆盖”（表示状态） Eg: Please cover the table with a white cloth. The hills are covered with trees.【拓展】cover 还可以用作名词，意为“覆盖物；封面等” Eg：The book needs a new cover.6、Large objects, such as coaches and boats, passed by my window. 大件的物体，例如汽车和轮船，从窗前经过。 pass by 意为“通过；经过”；还可以表示“（时间）逝去；过去”。Eg: I see them pass by my house every day. Three years had passed by before she finally found a suitable job.7、I had to do something. 我必须做点什么！辨析：have to 与must（1）must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，而haveto多表示客观存在的环境所限,即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。Eg：Imustcleantheroombecausetherearetoodirty.（无人强迫）因为太脏了，我必须要打扫房间。Wemustbethereontime.（责任感的驱使）我们一定准时到达。Ihavetodomyhomeworknow.（不得不做）我现在不得不做作业。Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyispoornow.（无奈）因为家里穷了，我不得不退学。（2）must没有时态的变化，而haveto有时态的变化。Eg: Damingwashurt.Thedoctorsaidhehadtostayinhospitalforabouttwoweeks.Hisfatherhastogototakecareofhim.WedonthavetogotoschoolonSundays.星期天我们不必上学。（3）must的否定为mustnt，多表示“禁令”。Eg：No!Youmustntturnleft!YoumustturnrightintoTheStrand. 不！你不能向左转！你应该向右转进入到strand中。由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或haveto，否定回答要用neednt或donthaveto，意思是“不必”；此用法在中考中的单选题中容易出现！Eg: 1）MustIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeeightoclock?我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗?Yes,youmust. 是的，必须。 2）MustIattendthemeeting?我必须要参加这次会议吗？No,youneednt/donthaveto.YoucanaskTomtogoinstead. 不，你不必。你可以让汤姆替你去。7、I tried to call my dad, but the line was dead. 我试图给我爸爸打电话，但是电话线路不通。 （1）try to do sth. 意为“试图/努力做某事”，侧重尽力，为了达到目的而努力；否定形式为try not to do sth.Im trying to learn English well. （2）try doing sth. 意为“试着/尝试做某事”，只是一种新的尝试，不一定付出很大的努力。Lets try knocking at the back door.【拓展】 1）try ones best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”We should try our best to practice speaking English. 2）try on 意为“试穿”Can I try in on? 3）try 作可数名词，意为“尝试”，常构成have a try，意为“试一试”I cant open the door. Will I have a try?8、Its impossible to stick with it. 坚持工作很重要。 （1）Its +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth. 意为“对某人来说做某事时的” Its +形容词+of sb. +to do sth. 意为“某人做某事是.的“，此句式中的形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如：polite, nice, kind, good, friendly等。此句式也可以改为Sb. +be +形容词+ to do sth. Eg: Its hard for me to answer your questions. It was foolish of him to go alone. = He was foolish to go alone. （2）stick with 意为“持续；坚持；不放弃”；还可以表示“紧接；不离开；和呆在一起” Eg: Stick with your schedule for the week. Stick with them. Theres safety in numbers.9、My friends replied,” I have no time to drink about the flood” 我的朋友说：“我没有时间考虑洪水.”辨析：reply与answer（1）两者均可表示“回答”，但answer属常用词，多用于一般性应答，而reply则较正式，多指经过考虑而作出答复。Eg: IwassonervousthatIcouldntanswerreply. 我紧张得没作回答。（2）answer可自由地用作及物或不及物动词，而reply除后接that从句或引出直接引语是及物动词外，一般只用作不及物动词。其后若接名词或代词作宾语，应借助介词to。Eg：Herepliedthathehadchangedhismind. 他回答说他改变了主意。Hedidntanswerreplytomyquestion.他没有回答我的问题。比较下面两句：Hedidnotknowwhattoreply. 他不知道回答什么(即：用什么回答)。Hedidnotknowwhattoreplyto.他不知道回答什么问题(即：对什么作回答)。（3）answer除表示“回答”外，还可表示接听(电话)或对门铃等声响作出反应等(常与telephone,door,bell,door-bell等连用)。但reply不能这样用。Eg：Whoansweredthetelephone?谁接的电话?Alittlegirlansweredthedoor.一个小女孩应声去开门。Nobodyansweredmycallforhelp.没有人理会我的呼救。（4）两者除用作动词外，都可用作名词。要表示“对的回答(答复，答案)”等，其后均接介词to(不用of)。Eg：Haveyouhadananswertoyourletter? 你寄出的信有回音没有?Ireceivednoreplytomyrequest. 我的要求没有收到任何答复。10、In surprise people finally started to notice the flood, but it was too late. 最后人们惊讶地开始注意到洪水，但是已经太晚了。 in surprise 惊讶地 to ones surprise 令人吃惊的是【拓展】notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某个人正在做某事； notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事我注意到她正在房间里哭。_我注意到她在房间里哭。_10、My computer is dead, so I will have to buy a new one. 我的电脑不运转了，所以我必须买一台新的。辨析：one, it, thatit指代的是同类同物，that指代的是同类异物，one指的是上下文中提到的同类事物中的一个。Eg: Imlookingforaflat.Idreallylikeonewithagarden.-Wheredidyoufindyourwatch? -Ifinditinourclassroom.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountry.11、The boy was so quiet that often no one would notice when he came in the room. 那个男孩如此安静，以至于当他进入房间时经常没有人会注意到。So that 意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，so后接形容词或副词。 Eg：Heissuchacleverboythateverybodylikeshim.【拓展】在so that结构中，若that 从句的主语一致，在否定句中可与too to或not enough to结构互换。He is so young that he cant join the army.= He is too young to join the army.= He isnt old enough to join the army.12、What awful weather! 多糟糕的天气啊！（1）what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(itis).Whataclevergirlsheis!（2）How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(itis).Howcolditistoday!13、The government asked people to leave for higher groundleave for 动身去；启程去昨天他们动身去北京。_【拓展】（1）leave可用作及物或不及物动词，意为“离开。出发。”常用于短语，意为“动身，出发(去某地)” HeleftPairsforNewYork.（2）leave属非延续性动词，它不能和表示一段时间的词连用，如果要表示离开一段时间，要用beaway来代替。 Ihavebeenawayforaweek.（3）leave用作名词时，可以表达多种含义，如“休假。假期，许可，同意” Ihadatwoweekleave.（4）takeleaveof=takeonesleave意为“向告别” Hetookhisleaveandwenthome.14、Barry suggested putting food, water and medicine in a disaster survival kit. 巴里建议把食物、水和药品放进一个灾难救生包里。 （1）suggest后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，但不接动词不定式。Hesuggestedgoingbyplane,butIthoughtitwouldcosttoomuch. （2）suggest sb. to do sth. 向某人建议某事 What did you suggest to the manager? （3）suggest表“建议”，其后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即“主语（+should）+动词原形”I suggest（that）we （should）hold a meeting.15、In the end, the asteroid did not hit the Earth. 最后，小行星没有撞击地球。辨析：in the end, finally, at last（1）intheend意为“终于”“最后”，表示经过许多变化、周折或捉摸不定的情况后发生了某事，也许是期待中的情况，也许是非期待中的情况。还可以表示一种推测。Heworkedhard,andintheendhesucceeded.（2）atlast仅仅用于表示经过周折、等待或努力出现所期待的结果，不用于出现非期待的结果。Mysonisathomeintheend/atlast.（3）finally既可用于表示时间位置，相当于intheend，也可以用于表示时间的先后顺序，如同first(ly)，second(ly)，next，then，last，lastly等词的用法。Finally,Idliketothankyouallforcoming.【EX.1】一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. The old man is d_. He cant hear anything.2. My dog is m_. Can you help me find it?3. All of them are _（注视）at the computer screen.4. We dont know whether hes _（活着）or dead.5. The road was so narrow that cars were unable to _（通过）。二、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. This was the worst _(nature) disaster in the history of the United States.2. Look! There are two _(coach) in front of our school.3. Some countries would be _(flood) if sea level around the world rose.4. I have no time _(think) about these questions.5. Mary suggested _(go) there by bus and I agreed.16、It is only five-minute walk from my home to the school. five-minute为合成形容词，意为“五分钟的”，其结构为“数词-名词”形式，其中的名词必须用单数形式；另外也有“数词-名词-形容词”结构合成的形容词。合成形容词只能放在名词前作定语，不能做表语。 Eg: Well have a three-day holiday. My best friend is a sixteen-year-old girl from a village.17、How far is your home from school?辨析：how long, how often, how far, how soon(1) how long：1. 表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问。A：How long did he stay here? 他在这儿呆了多久?B：About two weeks. 大约两个星期。2. 表示某东西有多长。A：How long is the river? 这条河有多长？B：About 500 km. 大约500千米。(2) how often：指每隔多久，主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week, three times a month 等)提问。A：How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?B：Once a month. 每月一次。(3) how soon：指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。A：How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?B：In an hour. 1 小时以后。(4) How far：多远，用来询问距离的远近。A：How far is it from here to the zoo?B：Its 6 kilometers.18、I heard that her son died in the flood. die 意为“死”，不能用于被动语态；强调动作，是瞬间的动作，不能用于完成时，也不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果要与便是一段时间的状语连用，需使用be dead。 The man died two years ago. = The man has been dead for two years.辨析：die from 与 die ofdie from “由于而死”，多指死于外因，后常接表示灾祸、衰弱、负伤等名词。而die of “因.而死”，多指死于内因，后常接年老、疾病、情感等名词。 That soldier died from the deadly wound. The worker died of an illness.19、You found someone smoking in the forest. find sb. doing sth.发现某人们正在做某事 find sb. do sth. 发现某人们做了某事I found a pen lying on the playground.I found her open the door.20、However, the ice kept falling. 然而，冰却一直在下落。 Keep doing sth. 继续/重复做某事 Keeping smiling. Keep doing sth. 使/让.一直做某事 He kept us waiting for three hours.21、单元语法：it作形式主语1. it作主语指时间、日期、天气、距离和气温等。 Its Sunday today.2. it 作形式主语代替动词不定式，常用于以下句型： (1) Its +形容词+(for/of sb) +to do sth. Its very kind of you to do that. Its necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.注：该句型有时可以与It is + adj. + that从句的句型互换使用，意思不变。It is necessary for you to train yourself before the walk.= It is necessary that you will train yourself before the walk.(2) It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间It takes him an hour to do his homework every day.(3) It+be+名词+动词不定式It was great fun to have a party there.3. It seems(seemed) / appears(appeared) that +从句It seems that he knows everything.【EX.2】单项选择1. Thepriceofwheatishigherthan_ofrice.A.it B.that C.one D.this2. -Whydontwetakealittlebreak?-Didntwejusthave_?A.itB.thatC.one D.this3.Hesuggestedthatthemeeting_putoff.A.notbe B.shouldnot C.wouldnt D.benot 4. - XiaoWang,_willittaketoflytoGuangzhou?-Sorry,Idonotknow.A.howfarB.howsoonC.howmanyD.howlong5._thatthescientistwillgiveusatalknextmonth?A.Istrue B.Isittrue C.Itstrue D.Itstruly单元测试一、单项选择题。（ ）1. -_ is it from here to the railway station? -About ten kilometres.A. How far B. How fast C. How soon D. How often（ ）2. Mary feels unhappy because nobody seems to _ her progress.A. notice B. look C. watch D. read（ ）3. What _ it is!A. nice day B. nice weather C. a nice weather D. nice a weather （ ）4. The line is _. What should we do?A. deaf B. alive C. dead D. missing（ ）5. He hurt her _ badly _ she had to see a doctor.A. too; that B. so; that C. either; or D. too; to（ ）6. Each of us has to write a _ report every two weeks.A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-wordC. two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words（ ）7.-May I listen to music here, Mr. White?-Sorry, youd better _ it like that.A. not to do B .not do C. dont do D. not do to（ ）8. My daughter wants a rabbit for long, but I have no time to buy _for her.A. it B. one C. the one D. that（ ）9. His friends asked him _ up smoking.A. give B. to give C. gave D. giving（ ）10. When she heard the news, she looked at me _ surprise.A. for B. to C. at D. in（ ）11. The little boy is _ lovely _ everyone likes him.A. such; that B. too; to C. so; that D. enough; that（ ）12. _ foggy day!A. How B. What C. How a D. What a（ ）13. Finish your homework first, and then youll _ watch TV for an hour.A. can B. be able to C. able to D. could（ ）14. Our teacher often asks us _ _ questions in groups.A. discuss B. to discuss C. discussing D. discussed（ ）15. What a pity! Liu Xiang didnt win the _ hurdles.A. 110-metre B. 110-metres C. 110 metre D. 110 metes（ ）16. -Do you know that Mr. Zhang passes _ _ last week?-Yes. He died _ illness.A .away; of B. on; from C. by; with D. off; as（ ）17. He lost his key. It made him _ in the cold to wait for his wifes return.A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay（ ）18. -Youd better _ early. It is good for your health.-Thanks. Ill do as you say.A. get up B. to get up C. getting up D. got up二、语法选择。Earthquakearecommon:thousandsofthemhappeneachday.Butmostaretooweaktofeel.Duringa_1_earthquake,thereisoftenagreatnoisefirst.Thentheearth_2_terriblyandmanyhousesfalldown.Railwaytracksbreakandtrainsgo_3_lines;agreatmanyfactoriesaredestroyed;thousandsofdeathsarecaused,andmanymorelosehomes.Besidesthegreatdamageanddeathscausedbytheearthquake_4_,otheraccidentssuchasfiresoften_5_. Morebuildingsaredestroyedandmoredeathscaused.Itiswellknownofthedangersofanearthquake,_6_forcenturiesmanhasbeenmakingresearchesonearthquakes.Morethan2000yearsago,_7_,aChinesescientistnamedZhangHenginventedamachinewhichcould_8_fromwhichdirectiontheseismicwaves（地震波）hadcome,andthismachineisstillusedbyscientiststoday.Nowweknowmuchmoreaboutearthquakeand_9_theyhappen,butwestillcant_10_exactlywhenandwhereanearthquakewillhappen,andcantstopitfromhappening.1.A.real B.weak C.big D.small2.A.moves B.shakes C.bumps D.breaks3.A.on B.along C.off D.with4.A.them B.it C.themselves D.itself5.A.follow B.get C.have D.enter6.A.because B.and C.but D.then.7.A.asaresultB.infact C.forexample D.aswell8.A.findoutB.thinkup C.pointat D.lookfor9.A.whereB.why C.what D.when10.A.sayB.talk C.speak D.Tell三、完形填空。Thousandsofyearsago,humandidntliveintowns.Sometimestheywouldliveincavesorbuildcamps(宿营地)intheforest.Onlyaboutthirtypeople_1_ineachcamp.Themenwouldgohuntingwhilethewomenandchildren_2_foodfromthetreesaroundthecamp.Allthefoodwas_3_betweeneveryoneinthegroup.Everyfewweekstheymovedtoanotherplacetofindmorefood.Itwasasimplelife,butpeoplehadtobe_4_.Theyhadtomake everythingthattheyneeded,andtheyhadtoknowalotaboutplantsandanimals.Nowadays_5_thanintheolddays.Therearefewer_6_,butthereislessexcitement.Somepeoplego_7_excitementsailingroundtheworld,climbingmountains,orexploringcaves.Mostpeoplelookforwardtothe_8_,atimewhentheycanenjoyachangefromtheirnormallife.Forsomethismeansgoingcamping.Butcampingtodayis_9_fromcampinginthepast.Gascookers,ready-madefoodandair-bedsmeanpeoplecancampmuchmore_10_thantheydidintheoldtimes.1.A.lived B.talked C.came D.danced2.A.planted B.collectedC.watched D.bought3. A.found B.used C.shared D.sold4.A.polite B.kind C.careful D.clever5.A.worse B.faster C.easier D.harder6.A.dangers B.stories C.people D.animals7.A.waitingforB.lookingforC.turningon D.puttingon8.A.dreams B.gifts C.meals D.holidays10.A.slowlyB.terribly C.comfortably D.hopefully四、阅读选择。ABefore the spring Festival , which is the most important festival in China, millions of passengers are struggling to make the once-a-year trip home. Because of a power failure caused by snow, more than 136 trains were forced to stay in Hunan Province . Almost 150,000 passengers were stopped from going back their homes. Its reported that the losses will be 111.1 billion yuan.In central Chinas Hunan Province, one of the worst hit area, seven people have died and snow is affecting（影响） the lives of 25.22 million people in 14 cities and 112 counties across the province. Though the power supply resumed(恢复) at 4:00 p.m. Saturday, 50 trains remain stranded(滞留) between Hengyang City in Hunan and Guangzhou provinces. And in Guangzhou, an official with Guangzhou railway authorities said the number of stranded passengers in Guangzhou City alone could hit 600,000 on Monday if the situation continued.How to solve the problems as soon as possible? In order to help the passengers meet their families and solve the traffic poblems，our government do what they can. First,The Ministry of Railways Ordered 63 trains togo to Guangzhou via (通过) the Beijing-Kowloon Railway Line or Shanghai-Kunming Railway Line instead of the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway Line. Second, The ministry also organized 35 trains from Beijing, Wuhan and Nanchang cities to help transport the stranded passengers. The thirdly, Guangdong authorities sent 15 million text messages (短信)war
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