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模块语法专练,被动语态英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1.构成规则。,2.被动语态与主动语态相互转换的注意事项。(1)分清动作的执行者和承受者,即分清主动语态和被动语态。如果为被动语态,按照不同时态的被动语态规则进行变化。例如:Weheardastrangenoiseyesterdayevening.昨天晚上我们听到了一个奇怪的声音。(主动语态)Astrangenoisewasheard(byus)yesterdayevening.昨天晚上一个奇怪的声音被(我们)听到了。(被动语态,hear为及物动词)(2)通常只有及物动词才有被动语态,但一些不及物动词加上介词或副词构成动词短语后也可有被动语态,此时该动词短语不可分割,我们不能丢掉后面的介词或副词。,(3)主动语态中使役动词make,let,have等和感官动词see,feel,hear等后常接不带to的不定式,但在被动语态中,常将to还原。例如:Thebossmadethechildrenworkovertwelvehourseverydayinthepast.在过去,老板让孩子们每天工作超过12个小时。(主动语态)Thechildrenweremadetoworkovertwelvehourseveryday(bytheboss)inthepast.在过去,孩子们被(老板)要求每天工作超过12个小时。(被动语态),(4)带双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时,可将其中的一个宾语变为被动语态的主语,另一个不变。一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语,则在间接宾语前加介词for或者to。例如:我的妈妈在我10岁生日那天送了我一件礼物。Mymothergavemeapresentonmytenthbirthday.(主动语态)Iwasgivenapresentbymymotheronmytenthbirthday.(被动语态,间接宾语作主语)Apresentwasgiventomebymymotheronmytenthbirthday.(被动语态,直接宾语作主语),.单项填空(B)1.Lookatournewschool.Itlastyear.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.isbuiltD.willbebuilt(D)2.Justinisverysurprisedthatallthehousesinthevillagewhite.A.paintB.paintedC.arepaintingD.arepainted(C)3.Inordertomakeourcitymorebeautiful,moretreesandflowerseveryyear.A.willplantB.shouldplantC.shouldbeplantedD.plant,(A)4.freebreakfastsinallschoolsinChina?No,notyet.Onlyintheruralareas.A.Are;servedB.Do;serveC.Are;madeD.Do;make(B)5.Foodsafetyisveryimportant.Sosomerulestostoppeoplefrompollutingfood.A.mustmakeB.mustbemadeC.mustmadeD.bemade,.根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空1.Claudia,areyougoingtoJeffsbirthdaypartyonSaturday?UnlessIaminvited(invite).2.IamafraidthatIcantfinishthetasksuccessfully.Dontworry.Youwillbegiven(give)plentyoftimetodoit.3.WhenTimwasasked(ask)whyhewaslateforschool,hejustkeptsilent.4.Ifyouaregiven(give)somethingyoudontlike,itshouldbepushed(push)totheedgeoftheplate.5.Selinawasoftenheardtosing(sing)inthenextroom.,
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