中考英语命题研究 第二部分 语法专题突破篇 专题十 动词的时态 第一节 时态的基本构成试题1

专题十 动词的时态,河北中考五年命题规律及趋势 考纲要求1.现在进行时 2.一般现在时 3.一般过去时 4.一般将来时 5.过去进行时 6.现在完成时时态年份题号选项设置提示词分值一般现在时201633wears/wore/has worn/was wearingwhen he reads1分201536wins/won/will win/has wonevery time1分201335arrives/arrived/is arriving/will arriveas soon as引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则1分一般过去时201632leave/left/will leave/was leaving无1分201440comes/came/is coming/was coming无1分201337left/leaves/is leaving/was leaving无1分201241do；get/did；get/will；get/have；got无1分一般将来时201635see/saw/has seen/will_see无1分201531go to/went to/have gone to/am_going_to无1分201439talk/talked/will_talk/have talkedthis afternoon1分201333go/went/will_go/was going无1分现在进行时201534will become/became/is_becoming/was becomingthese years 1分201437knocks/knocked/is_knocking/was knocking无1分201336will drive/are_driving/were driving/have driven无1分过去进行时201537sits/sat/is sitting/was_sitting无1分201444interviews/interviewed/has interviewed/was_interviewing无1分201345have enjoyed/will enjoy/are enjoying/were_enjoyingall night1分201243will shop/am shopping/was_shopping/have shoppedthis morning1分现在完成时201636will get/has_got/is getting/was getting无1分201532finds/found/has_found/will find无1分201442pass/have_passed/will pass/are passing无1分201343dont watch/wont watch/havent_watched/wasnt watching无1分201240received/will receive/was receiving/has_received无1分 动词的时态是河北中考单项选择题中的高频考点。语句设置多为两个单句，词数在1015，其语境设置灵活，大多没有明显的时间状语提示，需要分析另一语句的语境和时态来判断动作的先后顺序，淡化了古板的依赖时间状语提示来判定时态的考查方式。现在完成时为每年必考的时态，过去进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时为常考点。一般现在时和现在进行时为轮考点。对一般现在时的考查也会和“主将从现”相结合，如2013年的35题对as soon as引导的时间状语遵循“主将从现”原则的考查。此外，词语运用和连词成句也涉及对时态的考查，考查点主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。预测2017年河北中考的单项选择仍会出现至少3道时态题，其中现在完成时是必考点，一般过去时和一般将来时考查的可能性很大。第一节 时态的基本构成,河北中考重难点突破【满分点拨】1动词的五种基本形式变化表英语动词有五种基本形式，即：动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去时、过去分词和现在分词。形式构成例词动词原形没有经过任何变形，就是词典中一般给出的形式be，do，have，come第三人称单数一般在动词原形后直接加sworkworksreadreads以s，o，x，z，sh，ch结尾的动词，后加esgogoeswashwashes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加esflyfliesstudystudies过去式与过去分词一般在动词原形后直接加edworkworkedstaystayed在以e结尾的动词后只加dcloseclosedlikeliked以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为i再加edstudystudiedcarrycarried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加edstopstoppedplanplanned 续表形式构成例词现在分词一般在动词原形后直接加ingsleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e再加ingsmilesmilingmovemoving以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加ingsitsittingdigdiggingplanplanning少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ingdiedyinglielying常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换：短暂性动词延续性动词have closed/openedhave been closed/openhave diedhave been deadhave lefthave been awayhave begun/startedhave been onhave finished/endedhave been overhave becomehave beenhave borrowedhave kepthave boughthave hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp.have been away from sp.have fallen asleephave been asleephave put onhave wornhave caught/got a coldhave had a coldhave got to knowhave known2.常见6种时态的构成及用法河北中考对于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在完成时都有考查，须掌握这些时态的基本构成和功能。 种类意义构成特点时间标志词例句备注一般现在时1.现阶段经常性或习惯性动作；2目前的状态；3客观真理be用am/is/are；主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词词尾加s/es；其他人称和数用动词原形。often，sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他经常早上7点去学校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮绕着地球转。一般过去时1.过去发生的动作；2过去存在的状态be用was/were；其他动词用过去式just now， ago，in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)，this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我们去了历史博物馆。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般将来时1.将来发生的动作；2将来存在的状态1.助动词will(shall)动词原形2am/is/are going to动词原形tomorrow，from now on，soon，in the future，next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我将在校门口见你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15岁了。在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。现在进行时说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作am/is/are动词的现在分词now，at present，at the moment，look，listenThe telephone is ringing.Could you answer it，please？电话响了，你可以接听一下吗？表示位置移动或状态变化的动词，如：come，go，leave等词的现在进行时形式可表示将要发生的动作。过去进行时过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作was/were动词的现在分词at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示过去时间的状语从句I was reading when he came in.当他进来的时候，我正在读书。He was always complaining about something.他总是抱怨一些事情。在复合句中，如果两个动作同时发生，那么延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时，通常在when或while引导的时间状语从句中出现。现在完成时1.到现在为止已经完成的动作；对现在还有影响；2从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态have/has动词的过去分词yet，just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他去过长城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我来到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；2.短暂性动词不与一段时间连用。如果要与一段时间连用必须换成延续性动词。(见上表) 【考点抢测】一、单项选择( B )1.(2016保定调研)Dont worry.You _ enough time to finish this task.Ahad Bwill haveCgave Dwill give( A )2.(2016保定调研)Nobody _ TV.Lets turn it off.Awatches BwatchedCis watching Dwas watching( C )3.(2016石家庄43中模拟)I dont know when he _But when he _，please tell me so that I will wait for him at the bus stop.Awill come；will comeBcomes；comesCwill come；comesDcomes；will come( C )4.(2016路南区质检一)We are glad to hear that the Greens _ to a new flat next week.Amove BmovedCwill move Dhave moved( D )5.(2016路南区质检一)Amy，I called you yesterday evening，but nobody answered the phone.Oh，I _ a walk with my mother at that time.Atake BtookCam taking Dwas taking( C )6.(2016路南区质检一)Now my father _ his bike to work every day instead of driving.Aride BrodeCrides Dwill ride( B )7.(2016石家庄质检二)Mom，I _ up.Could I make decisions for myself?Of course you can，Dear.But you still need my help.Agrow Bhave grownCam growing up Dgrew( D )8.(2016石家庄质检二)Tina usually _ up late at night.It is a bad habit.Ais staying Bwill stayCstayed Dstays( A )9.(2016石家庄质检二)Guys，we _ class.Please dont make any noise.Aare having Bwere havingChad Dhave had( B )10.(2016邯郸升学一模)You can catch up with others as long as you _ hard.Awill work BworkChave worked Dworked二、连词成句11(2016河北三模)Mrs.Lee，ago，teach，English，us，five years_Mrs._Lee_taught_us_English_five_years_ago_12(2016河北升学四模)a，school，mother，in，teach，English_Mother_teaches_English_in_a_school_13(2016河北升学一模)beautiful，have，voice，Kelly，a_Kelly_has_a_beautiful_voice_14(2016河北升学一模)wallet，my，dad，I，for，last year，a，buy，his birthday_I_bought_my_dad_a_wallet_for_his_birthday_last_year_15(2016河北升学二模)he，how，exercise，do，often_How_often_does_he_exercise_？16(2016河北升学二模)last，we，many，visit，summer，places_We_visited_many_places_last_summer_17(2016路北区九年级三模)game，night，you，the，at，watch，last，8：00，be_Were_you_watching_the_game_at_8：00_last_night_？18(2016路南区九年级二模)hometown，since，change，my，a lot，1980，have_My_hometown_has_changed_a_lot_since_1980_