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专题五阅读理解之词义和句义猜测题 限时15分钟A(2016四川)If you could have one superpower, what would it be?Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds, see through walls, or have superhuman strength may sound silly, but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in your life.Every day in our work, we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.They have a different kind of superpower that all of us possess: the power to make a difference in the lives of others.Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives to the poor.Your lives are busy enough doing homework, playing sports, making friends, seeking after your dreams.But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.Find an issue you are interested in and learn more.Volunteer or, if you can, contribute a little money to a cause.Whatever you do, dont be a bystander.Get involved.You may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when youre older.But why not start now?Our own experience working together on health, development, and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.语篇解读什么才是我们生活中重要的东西呢？本文鼓励人们奉献自己的一些时间和精力去帮助别人，给他人的生活带来改变，这样我们的世界会变得更美好，我们的人生才更有价值。1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to?AYour life style.BYour life value.CYour trouble in life. DYour life experience.解析推理判断题。画线的句子意为“什么是你生活中重要的东西”，结合下文中的“to improve the world”“the power to make a difference in the lives of others”等内容可以推测出，这样做体现了生命的价值，故选B项。答案B2Why does the author say they are inspired every day?AThey possess different kinds of superpowers.BThey have got the power to change the world.CSome people around them are making the world better.DThere are many powerful people in their life and work.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world”可知，C项与此处意义一致，improve the world与make the world better同义，故选C项。答案C3What does the author stress in Paragraph 5?ALearning more and contributing more to a cause.BRising above self and acting to help others.CWorking hard to get a bigger opportunity.DTrying your best to help the poor.解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself”“Volunteer.”以及“dont be a bystander, Get involved.”可知B项正确。答案B4What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.BMuch more progress will be made in the near future.CThe work on health is the most valuable experience.DPeoples efforts have been materially rewarded.解析推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead”可以推断出A项正确。答案AB(2016天津)When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all, he was happier.Far happier.These are the findings of a 40year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence(能力)and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，” said George Vaillant, the psychologist(心理学家)who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”Vaillants study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47.Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores.Points were awarded for parttime jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Working-at any age-is important.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence-the underpinnings(基础)of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isnt everything.As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。父母是孩子第一任老师，从小就培养孩子的适应能力，孩子长大后会受益匪浅。5What do we know about John?AHe enjoyed his career and marriage.BHe had few childhood playmates.CHe received little love from his family.DHe was envied by others in his childhood.解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all, he was happier.Far happier.”可知John热爱他的事业和婚姻。故选A。其他三项均不符合题意。答案A6Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as_.Aa description of personal values and social valuesBan analysis of how work was related to competenceCan example for parents expectations of their childrenDan explanation why some boys grew into happy men解析推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.”可知Vaillant在本段中所说的内容是对为什么有些男孩成长为快乐男人的一种解释。故D项符合题意。答案D7Vaillants team obtained their findings by_.Arecording the boys effort in schoolBevaluating the mens mental healthCcomparing different sets of scoresDmeasuring the mens problem solving ability解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the mens mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores.”可知答案为C项。答案C8What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?AQuick to react. BHaving a thin edge.CClear and definite. DSudden and rapid.解析词义猜测题。通读本段内容可知，男人在童年时所做的一切与成年后该如何发展其中的关系是清楚的，明显的。sharp“明显的”与clear and definite同义。故选C。答案C9What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ACompetent adults know more about love than work.BEmotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.CLove brings more joy to people than work does.DIndependence is the key to ones success.解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competencethe underpinnings(基础)of emotional health.”及“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.”可知，情感健康对于精彩人生是极其重要的。故选B。答案B5
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