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单元综合测评5.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) A(2016辽宁沈阳二中高二上学期月考)Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.“Ill be the first millionaire in Coleford！” Richard used to boast.“And youll be sorry you knew me，” George would reply “because Ill be the best lawyer in the town！”George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money.Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street.It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.Then Richard married a mysterious girl.The couple spent their honeymoon on the coastbut Richard never came back.The police found his wallet on a deserted beach but the body was never found.He must have drowned.Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George.But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his formal rival.Perhaps he missed him?George was very interested in old dictionaries.Hed recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition.When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was delighted.But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in.He was astonishedthe smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rival Dylans. The company, owned by multimillionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.”【语篇解读】从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手，两个各在街角开了两家书店，最终理查德成了澳大利亚最大的书商，身价数百万，而仍然固守自己的小书店的乔治，没有取得大成就。1. George and Richard were _ at school.AroommatesBgood friendsCcompetitors Dbooksellers【解析】细节理解题。由第一段“Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.”可知从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手。【答案】C2. How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?AHe envied Richards marriage.BHe thought of Richard from time to time.CHe felt lucky with no rival in town.DHe was guilty of Richards death.【解析】细节理解题。由第六段“But sometimes he sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his formal rival.Perhaps he missed him？”可知理查德消失后乔治常常想起他来，故B项正确。【答案】B3. What can we infer from this article?A. Richard wife played an important part in his career.BCompetition could make close friends become rivals.CGeorge got information about Richard from the wrapping paper of a book.DRichard became a millionaire while George had no great success.【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段“The company, owned by multimillionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.”可知理查德成了澳大利亚最大的书商，身价数百万，而仍然固守自己的小书店的乔治，没有取得大成就，故选D。【答案】DBTime: July 1620, 2016Location: Norman Park Conference CenterPrice: 500Students who have completed the 5th, 6th or 7th grade and meet the specified requirements can take part in this exciting mission opportunity.Children will spend 5 days in the Center joining in various activities.Our theme for this camp is “Teamwork”The title speaks to our goal: We want this trip to help our students improve their cooperation_awareness.WHAT TO DO：STEP ONE: FORM WORK*Click on the link to print out the necessary forms: Propel Missions Camp Forms*Complete the forms, printing neatly and clearly.*Turn in your forms along with a copy of your insurance card to the office during business hours.PARTICIPANT FORM* This form must be signed and notarized(公证)* Your form may be notarized at the office during normal office hours, at the Childrens reception desk before and after service times, or by a Notary Public of your choosing.SPECIAL NEEDS FORM(If needed)Special Needs form should be filled out only if there is a particular need (as described in the form) of which we and the camp should know.ROOMMATE FORMThis form will help us place your child in a room with the peers of his or her preference.We will provide a list of students attending at your request to help your child make his or her choices.STEP TWO: READClick on the link and read carefully the Parent Information Packet provided by the camp: Propel Missions Camp Forms 2016Contact InformationIf interested, contact Pastor Scott at scott.Morrisonfbcvidalia.org or call the office at (912)5374169.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一则夏令营的广告，详细介绍了这次夏令营的时间、报名信息、报名要求以及主题等具体要求。4. What does the underlined word “cooperation” mean?AEnvironment.BTeamwork.CCommunication. DSafety.【解析】词义猜测题。根据本段“Our theme for this camp is TeamworkThe title speaks to our goal: We want this trip to help our students improve their cooperation_awareness.”可知这次夏令营的主题就是“团队合作”，也就是说希望通过这次夏令营帮助学生提高合作意识。所以cooperation和teamwork是近义词。故B项正确。【答案】B5. What do you know about the camp?AIt will begin on July 16 and last for five days.BStudents in any grade can take part in the camp.CParents are allowed to accompany their children.DStudents can join in the camp for free.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一行Time: July 1620, 2016可知本次夏令营是从7月16日开始到20日结束，为期5天。故A项正确。【答案】A6If you want to join in the camp, you must_.A. be over six years oldBhave some experiences of campCfill out some forms firstDhand in a brief introduction of yourself【解析】细节理解题。根据“WHAT TO DO部分中“STEP ONE: FORM WORK*Click on the link to print out the necessary forms: Propel Missions Camp Forms*Complete the forms, printing neatly and clearly.”可知第一步就是要完成有关的表格。【答案】C7It can be known from the passage that_.A. the camp will give an insurance card to every childBthere are only indoor activities for all campersCthe aim of the camp is to improve the kids independenceDthere are two ways for you to contact the camp【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分Contact Information部分中 If interested, contact Pastor Scott at scott.Morrisonfbcvidalia.org or call the office at (912)5374169.可知有两种方法和夏令营取得联系：邮件和打电话，故选D项。【答案】DCThe idea of being able to walk on water has long interested humans greatly.Sadly, biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aidwe simply weigh too much, and all our mass pushes down through our relatively small feet, resulting in a lot of pressure that makes us sink.However, several types of animals can walk on water.One of the most interesting is the common basilisk.Basilicus, a lizard (蜥蜴) native to Central and South America.It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the waters surface with its feet.The lizard will take as many as 20 steps per second to keep moving forward.For humans to do this, wed need huge feet that we could bring up to our ears in order to create adequate “hitting”But fortunately there is an alternative: cornflour.By adding enough of this common thickening agent to water (and it does take a lot), you can create a “nonNewtonian” liquid that doesnt behave like normal water.Now, if the surface of the water is hit hard enough, particles(微粒) in the water group together for a moment to make the surface hard.Move quickly enough and put enough force into each step, and you really can walk across the surface of an adequately thick liquid of cornflour.Fun though all this may sound, its still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice, if you must do it, then keep the water wings handy in case you start to sinkand take a shower afterward!【语篇解读】人类有一个一直感兴趣但一直未能实现的愿望水上行走。不能实现的原因是“生物性局限”。本文主要介绍了一种理论上可行实际上难以实现的人类水上行走的方法：借助玉米粉(cornflour)增加水面浓度。8. Walking on water hasnt become a reality mainly because humans _.Aare not interested in itBhave biological limitationsChave not invented proper toolsDare afraid to make an attempt【解析】细节理解题。从第一段 “Sadly, biological facts prevent us ever accomplishing such a thing without artificial aid.”可知，人类至今不能在水面行走上是“生物”原因。选择B。【答案】B9. What do we know about Basilicus from the passage?AIt is light enough to walk on water.BIts huge feet enable it to stay above water.CIt can run across water at a certain speed.DIts unique skin keeps it from getting wet in water【解析】细节理解题。从第二段“It can run across water for a distance of several meters, avoiding getting wet by rapidly hitting the waters surface with its feet.”一句可知，这种蜥蜴能在水面上行走是因为速度快(每秒钟达到20步)。故选C。【答案】C10. What is the function of the cornflour according to the passage?ATo create a thick liquid.BTo turn the water into solid.CTo help the liquid behave normally.DTo enable the water to move rapidly.【解析】细节理解题。第三段“this common thickening agent”明确这是一种“常见的增稠剂”。故选A。【答案】A11. What is the authors attitude toward the idea of humans walking on water?A. It is risky but beneficial.BIt is interesting and worth trying.CIt is crazy and cannot become a reality.DIt is impractical though theoretically possible.【解析】推理判断题。从第三段“it does take a lot”以及最后一段“its still rather messy and better read about in theory than carried out in practice.”等句推断，借助增稠剂实现人类在水面上行走，理论上可行但真正实现很难做到。【答案】DD(2016四川高考)In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest，there still remain unusual groups of indigenous (土著的) people.Surprisingly，these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.And yet，people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony (殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946.In theory，they should live by the French law.However，their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown，thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area，which sits on the edge of the Amazonrainforest，with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital，Cayenne.“I have a special love for the French Guianese people.I have worked there on and off for almost ten years，”says Gin.“Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them.Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment.I dont see it as a lawless land.But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life，”continues Gin.“I prefer to work in black and white，which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”His blackandwhite pictures present a world almost lost in time.These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for.These local citizens now have to balance their traditional selfsupporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic，which brings with it not only necessary state welfare，but also alcoholism，betrayal and even suicide.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。在法国圭亚那地区的热带雨林深处居住着一群土著居民。他们虽然是法国公民，却按照自己的方式生活。一位摄影家的照片使这群土著居民进入公众视野，也使他们逐渐受到现代的法国生活方式的影响。12Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?AThey seldom follow the French law.BThey often ignore the Guianese law.CThey are separated from the modern world.DThey are both Guianese and French citizens.【解析】细节理解题。由题干中的feel surprised定位到第一段中的信息Surprisingly，these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.，由此可知让作者吃惊的是，这些土著人在很大程度上按照他们自己的法律和社会风俗生活，尽管他们实际上是法国公民，却不遵守法国法律(the French law is often ignored)，故选A项“他们很少遵守法国法律”。B项应改为They often ignore the French law.；C项和D项不是作者感到吃惊的原因。【答案】A13Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese as _.Aa tour guide Ba geographerCa film director Da photographer【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的show the audience a photographic record以及第五段中的blackandwhite pictures可推知Gin是一名摄影师，他通过拍摄的照片让观众了解这群土著居民，故选D项“一名摄影师”。A项“导游”，B项“地理学家”，C项“电影导演”，均与文中所提供的信息不符。【答案】D14What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?ACautious. BDoubtful.CUninterested. DAppreciative.【解析】推理判断题。通读第三段可知，Gin对这群土著居民有特殊的爱，他们之间有深厚的友谊。Gin认为这是一块自由的土地。由这些描述可知Gin欣赏这群土著居民的生活方式，故选D项appreciative(欣赏的)。A项cautious “谨慎的”，B项doubtful“怀疑的”，C项uninterested“不感兴趣的”，均与文章内容不符。【答案】D15What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?AThe modern French lifestyle.BThe selfsupporting hunting.CThe uncivilized world.DThe French Republic.【解析】词义猜测题。解本题的关键是读懂最后一句话。这些当地居民不得不兼顾他们传统的自给自足的狩猎生活方式和法兰西共和国带给他们的现代的生活方式，伴随这种生活方式的不仅仅有必不可少的国家福利，还有酗酒、背叛，甚至自杀。故it指代的是现代的法国的生活方式，A项正确。B项“自给自足的狩猎(生活)”，C项“野蛮世界”，D项“法兰西共和国”，均不符合此处的语境。【答案】A.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain SharpEveryone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing._16_ Read on for some techniques worth trying.1_17_People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease, according to a recent study._18_Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or shortterm goals appear to do better.In other words, keep your brain looking forward.2Go for a walk.Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels.In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._19_3Learn something new.Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimulation limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time._20_ Or go dancing with your friends.AFocus on the future.BThis can be especially harmful to the aged.CIt should be something like learning gardening.DSo take a few minutes each day to do some reading.EBut dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with lifechanging events.FLuckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments.GIn other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.【答案】1620FAEGC.完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分)One day I was taking a bus.The driver didnt _21_to start the bus soon because it was not yet _22_.A middleaged woman got on.Tired and sad, she told her story_23_， not to anyone particular.On her way to the station, half of her _24_was stolen.The other half was hidden under her blouse, so she_25_still had some left.A few minutes later, she stopped crying, but still looked_26_.When all the seats were taken, the driver started the engine.The conductor began to collect the fares.When she came to an old man in wornout clothes, he_27_that he had spent all his money as he accidentally got on a wrong bus and now was trying to go home.On hearing this, she ordered the old man to_28_the bus.The old man was almost in tears as he_29_her to let him take the bus home.The driver took the conductors side and repeated the conductors _30_.The woman was watching the incident._31_the driver and the conductor raised their voices at the old man, she interfered.“Stop_32_him! Cant you see hes only trying to get home.”“He doesnt have any money！” the driver_33_.“Well, thats no_34_to throw him off the bus.” She insisted.Then she reached inside her blouse, took out her_35_money, and handed it to the conductor.“Heres his fare and mine.Just stop giving him a_36_time.All heads turned to the woman.“Its only money，” she shrugged.She rode the rest of her way home_37_ a happy smile, with the money shed lost earlier_38_.On the road of life, the help of strangers can_39_our loads and lift our spirits.How much sweeter the_40_will be when we make it a little smoother for others!【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文。讲述了一个自己的钱被偷了一半的人却主动帮助另外一个没钱买车票的老人。真正的快乐是帮助他人的快乐。21. Atry BintendCdecide Dcare【解析】intend to do sth.“打算干某事”。根据下文，因为车子上没有坐满乘客，所以司机还没有打算启动汽车。【答案】B22. Aempty BreadyCcrowded Dfull【解析】从下文“When all the seats were taken，the driver started the engine.”可知那时车上乘客没有坐满。故D项正确。【答案】D23. Acarefully BseriouslyCtearfully Dcalmly【解析】从下文“she stopped crying”可知她一直在哭泣。【答案】C24. Amoney BpossessionCfare Dwealth【解析】从下文“Then she reached inside her blouse，took out hermoney，and handed it to the conductor.”可以得出“她的一半的钱被人偷了”，possession财产，并不一定就是钱。【答案】A25. Astrangely BhappilyCfortunately Dsecretly【解析】“不过幸运的是她还有藏在衬衣下的另一半。”故C项正确。【答案】C26. Aunsatisfied BweakCexcited Dunhappy【解析】从该句“she stopped crying，but still looked.”中的but可知她虽然不哭了，但是仍然很伤心。可以得出D项正确。【答案】D27. Aexplained BdeclaredCadmitted Dfound【解析】从“When she came to an old man in wornout clothes，he_.that he had spent all his money as he accidentally got on a wrong bus and now was trying to go home.”中可以看出，“老人在向售票员解释他为什么没有钱买票。”【答案】A28. Aget off Bget overCget on Dget into【解析】售票员一听，就要求老人下车。“order the old man to get off the bus”命令老人下车。【答案】A29. Athanked BscoldedCpraised Dbegged【解析】从上下文“老人没钱想坐车回家而售票员却要求他下车”，于是老人“beg sb.to do sth.”恳求某人做某事。【答案】D30. Acommand BactionCsuggestion Drequest【解析】司机此时站在售票员的一边，也在重复售票员的命令。command等同于order。【答案】A31. AUnless BWhenCUntil DAlthough【解析】句式be doing sth.when.正在做某事，在这时(意外的事情发生了)。“就在此时，一半钱被偷了的女士插话了”本句的when引导的是一个并列句。 【答案】B32. Aattacking BwrongingCblaming Dbothering【解析】不要再烦他了，难道你们不知道他只想回家吗？【答案】D33. Awarned BwhisperedCrepeated Dshouted【解析】此处说明司机的不耐烦，一种怒气。shouted正说明了他的心情。【答案】D34A.problem BneedCreason Dmatter【解析】这位女士继续坚持“那不是把老人赶下车去的理由”。故C项正确。【答案】C35. Aspending BlostCremaining Dborrowed【解析】拿出剩下的另一半没有被偷去的钱来买她和老人的车票。【答案】C36. Abusy BhardCcold Dfearful【解析】“她帮老人买车票是为了司机和售票员不要再难为老人了”give.a hard time为难。【答案】B37. Agiving BtakingCwearing Dforcing【解析】面带笑容或者表示穿衣服，均可以使用wear。【答案】C38. Aforgotten BusedCearned Dreturned【解析】本句是指她似乎忘记了(forgotten)先前被偷走的钱，还一直在微笑着。【答案】A39. Amove BincreaseClighten Dcarry【解析】在人生旅程中，来自陌生人的帮助能减轻(lighten)负担，改善心情。【答案】C40. Aworld BjourneyCsmile Dfriendship【解析】假如我们都能为别人做一点善事，那么人生的旅程(journey)就会美好得多。【答案】B.语法填空(共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists have discovered that 41._(stay) in the cold could help us lose weight.Researchers at the University of California found that exposure to the cold increases levels of a protein that helps form brown fatthe type of fat that produces heat and keeps us warm.Brown fat burns energy，42._ helps us lose weight.White fat stores extra energy, which results 43._weight gain.The researchers said that because air conditioning and heating give us constant，44._(comfort) temperatures, our bodys need for brown fat has decreased.They found that：“Outdoor workers in northern Finland who 45._(expose) to cold temperature have 46._ significant amount of brown fat when 47._(compare) to sameaged indoor workers.”The research was conducted on two different control groups of mice.48._group was injected with the protein that helps create brown fat.This group later gained 30% less weight after both groups were fed highfat diets.The researchers say this could be good news in the fight against obesity.People who are obese have 49._(low) levels of brown fat than thinner people.Head researcher Hei Sook Sul said: “This protein could become an important target for research into the treatment and prevention of obesity and obesityrelated diseases.” She added: “If you can somehow increase levels of this protein, you could 50._(possible) lose more weight even if eating the same amount of food.”41. staying此处是动名词短语作主语，故填staying。42which 此处是energy作先行词，后面是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语和引导词，故填which。43in result in导致，产生。句意：这引起重量
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