高考英语一轮复习 九月阅读理解学与练题（二）1

陕西宜川县2017高考英语九月阅读理解学与练题（二）（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：说明文话题：大学教育词数：268时间：6Jiang Zhongjie，19，a secondyear student majoring in biology at Xiamen University，looks at job websites almost every day.As summer vacation approaches，he cant decide which internship (实习) position would benefit him.“I think it is hard to know what would be a meaningful intern job，” he said.“Most of the time，the positions on offer are low paid，boring jobs，such as sales promotion，” said Jiang.Last month，during an education forum (论坛)，Huang Guitian，assistant to the president of Peking University，called for a halt to the internships of lower quality，regarding them as “dull and meaningless，affecting students academic performance”Huang conducted a mini survey，showing “80 percent of students merely do odd (零散的) jobs on internship”But employers and students may have different attitudes.According to a survey of 116 Beijing and Shanghaibased companies by Zhaopin.com，a leading human resource services site，nearly 60 percent said they still valued applicants handson experience most.Zhang Jianhong，HR director in Huawei Technologies Co.Ltd agreed with this idea，believing that internship even goes beyond gaining experience.“An internship actually offers a great chance for students to get an inside glimpse of a company，an industry and a particular occupation，” he said.He says it can help interns discover whether the career they are considering is suitable for them.And if students are aware of which industry they would like to enter，Zhang suggests that they select an internship in a relevant field，with the potential to turn into a formal job offer.【语篇解读】本文是一篇有关大学生毕业实习的报道。文章介绍了不同的人对于实习有着不同的观点，褒贬不一。1What does the word “halt” in the third paragraph probably mean?AStop. BBeginning.CProgress. DDelay.答案A词义猜测题。根据第三段lower quality和dull and meaningless，affecting students academic performance可知，此处是呼吁停止劣质的实习。2What does Jiang Zhongjie think of intern jobs?AThey are meaningful.BThey are not exciting.CThe pay lives up to his expectations.DInternship improves students learning abilities.答案B细节理解题。根据第二段的low paid，boring jobs可知答案。3We may learn from the text that _Aall the people have the same attitude toward internshipBless and less companies think highly of applicants working experienceCZhang Jianhong believes that an internship benefits students in some wayDthe students cant change their career once they select an internship in some field答案C推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段的An internship actually offers a great chance.可知答案。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ANo Internship，No JobBInternship，Good or BadCInternship Helps Find a JobDWhere to Find an Intern Job答案B主旨大意题。通读文章可知人们对实习的评价褒贬不一，态度各异。科普知识型阅读理解(一)Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees(黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls, carrying them around until they have children of their own.Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.The new work by Sonya MKahlenberg and Richard WWrangham, described this week in the journal Current Biology, provides the first evidence of a wild nonhuman species playing with dolls, as well as the first known sex difference in a wild animals choice of playthings.The two researchers say their work adds to a growing body of evidence that human children are probably born with their own ideas of how they want to behave, rather than simply mirroring other girls who play with dolls and boys who play with trucks.Doll play among humans could have its origins in objectcarrying by earlier apes(猿类), they say, suggesting that toy selection is probably not due entirely to socialization.“In humans, there are obvious sex differences in childrens toy play, and these are remarkably similar across cultures，” says Kahlenberg.“While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation, our work suggests that biology may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”In 14 years of data on chimpanzee behavior at the Kibale National Park in Uganda, Kahlenberg and Wrangham counted more than 100 examples of stickcarrying.Some young chimpanzees carried sticks into the nest to sleep with them and on one occasion built a separate nest for the stick.“We have seen juveniles occasionally carrying sticks for many years, and because they sometimes treated them rather like dolls, we wanted to know if in general this behavior tended to represent something like playing with dolls，” says Wrangham, a Professor at Harvard.“If the doll hypothesis (假设) was right, we thought that females should carry sticks more than males do, and that the chimpanzees should stop carrying stickswhen they had their first child.We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.” ()1.What does a female chimpanzee do with sticks?AShe gives them to her child to play with.BShe treats them as dolls.CShe makes useful tools from them.DShe treats them as weapons.()2.What causes the different toy selection of chimpanzees, according to the passage?ASex difference.BSocialization.CEnvironment.DCultural difference.()3.We can infer from the fourth paragraph that _.Asocialization has nothing to do with humans choice of playthingsBsex difference is the only factor in humans choice of playthingsCthe biology factor may also influence toy choiceDpeople choose different toys in different cultures()4.Wrangham probably believes that _.Aobserving so many chimpanzees has been enough for them to make a conclusionBthe study proves human beings have evolved (进化) from chimpanzeesCall chimpanzees treat the sticks as dollsDchildren playing with sticks are abnormal()5.It can be concluded from the passage that _.Aboth humans and chimpanzees choose their playthings due to sex differenceBdifferent factors cause humans and chimpanzees to choose different playthingsConly female chimpanzees have playthingsDchimpanzees usually choose playthings for their children【解析】 本文是科普文。研究发现，雌性黑猩猩喜欢把棍子当作自己的玩具娃娃。1B细节理解题。从文章第一段可知，雌性黑猩猩把棍子当作自己的玩具娃娃。2A细节理解题。综合分析文章可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要原因。3C推理判断题。从第四段可知，这两位科学家的研究表明生物学因素也可能影响对玩具的偏好。4A推理判断题。从第五段最后一句可知答案。5A推理判断题。综合文章信息可知，无论是人类还是黑猩猩，性别是导致玩具选择差异的重要原因。科普知识型阅读理解(二)We have met the enemy, and he is ours.We bought him at a pet shop.When monkeypox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, its hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings.“Most of the infections (感染) we think of as human infections started in other animals，” says Stephen Morse, director of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.Its not just that were going to where the animals are; were also bringing them closer to us.Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country.A strange illness killed Isaksens pets, and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them，” says Isaksen.“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without strict control need changing，” says Peter Schantz.Monkeypox may be the_wakeup_call.Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners.We know very little about thesenew diseases.A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first.But it may develop into something harmful.Monkeypox doesnt look a major infectious disease.But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.()1.We learn from Paragraph 1 that the pet sold at the shop may _.Acome from ColumbiaBprevent us from being infected Cenjoy being with childrenDsuffer from monkeypox ()2.Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets? AThey attack human beings.BWe need to study native animals.CThey cant live out of the rain forest.DWe do not know much about them yet.()3.What does the phrase “the wakeup call” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? Aa new diseaseBa clear warningCa dangerous animalDa morning call()4.The text suggests that in the future we _.Amay have to fight against more new diseasesBmay easily get infected by diseases from dogs Cshould not be allowed to have petsDshould stop buying pets from Africa ()5.The last paragraph means _.Awe should have laws to stop having pets at homeBwild animals shouldnt be adopted as petsClaws should be passed to avoid pets diseases spreadingDpeople with pets should be stayed at home【解析】饲养宠物可能被传播疾病。猴痘本是非洲雨林中的一种疾病，现在突然出现在美国西部的孩子们身上。大多数人们认为只有人类才会感染的疾病其实就是来自动物。国家要制定严格的法律，以防止动物把疾病传播给人类。1D根据We have met the enemy, and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When monkeypox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, its hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings.可推断，从宠物商店购买的动物身上携带疾病。2D根据A strange illness killed Isaksens pets, and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I dont think its fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them，”可判断。3B根据上文，猴痘是一种从非洲的动物身上传播到人类身上的疾病，紧接着作者说这种没有经过严格控制的法律需要改变。最后又以猴痘为例，由此可判断“the wakeup call”表示“一种警示”。4A根据We know very little about these new diseases. A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful.可知新的病毒会转化成有害的东西，最后导致人与人的传播，因此我们必须与新的疾病作斗争。5C最后一段大意：我们必须改变不检疫而引进野生动物的规定，这样才能避免疾病的传播。【2014高考英语综合能力测试题】Few of us act alone in the world. Most things are done with the help or ideas of other people. Group projects are very popular in high schools, because they often allow you to do a bigger, more interesting project than you could do alone. With group work, you can actually learn more from others. Group projects in high schools also give you a chance to get to know kids you may not otherwise meet or talk with - maybe the quiet kid in the third row, the boy who lives down the street, or the girl youre sometimes scared to say “hi” to. Group projects are also a great way to practice skills you are not so sure of, such as working on a deadline, staying organized, or being patient. If youre a little nervous when talking in front of a group, a joint project can help you become more comfortable with it. Maybe your group will cull you to tell the whole class about your project. If so, youll know your whole group is rooting for you! Here are some tips for making group projects really work. You might think the first step is to figure out who will do what, but actually it s getting to know one another a little. Take a few minutes to chat. Even if you know each other well, it can help to take a minute to think about .your skills, and share your strengths and weaknesses. The second step is to go over basic rules from your teacher and create other rules that are helpful to your group work.31. It can be inferred from the text that in the world _. A. only few people may act alone in the world B. we must depend on others in everything we do C. one cannot practice without going to high schools D. it is almost impossible for one to work without cooperation with others32. According to Paragraph l, with 90up projects, you can _. A. learn to respect others B. avoid making mistakes C. do a better job and learn more from others D. save more energy in doing something33. The underlined word “cull” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to“_”. A. warn B. pick C teach D. believe34. The author thinks that the first step of group projects is to _. A. know your goal B. make a plan for the work C. know the detail of the work D. communicate with each other35. What would be the best title for the text? A. Group projects in society B. Group projects in high schools C. The importance of group projects D. How to carry out group projects【参考答案】31-35 DCBDB本文阐述了学校团队活动的重要意义及步骤。在团队中会使人克服孤单，发挥集体优势，提高工作效率；团队活动还能帮助人提高工作能力，发挥自己的优势。31. D。推理判断题。根据第一段前两句Few of us act alone in the world. Most things are done with the help or ideas of other people.可知答案。32. C。推理判断题。根据第一段后半部分allow you to do a bigger, more interesting project than you could do alone. With group work, you can actually learn more from others.可知答案。33. B。词义猜测题。根据第二段最后三句知，如果你在一个团队成员面前讲话有点紧张，那么团队活动可以帮助你越来越适应当众讲话。或许你的团队会挑选你把你们小组的活动讲述给全班同学听。如果是这样，那么你就会知道你的小组一直在鼓励你。34. D。细节理解题。根据第三段的but actually its getting to know one another a little.可知答案。35. B。主旨大意题。文章开头的两段介绍了小组合作的意义，下文介绍了小组合作的步骤，故选项B最具有概括性。