高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 专题增分练 课时07 完形填空（一）-考法归纳

课时07 完形填空（一）-考法归纳 .阅读理解AWarm weather brought by El Nio has had mixed effects on animals in usually snowy places in North America， including New England， according to an Associated Press article.Some animals seem to benefit from having a chance to gather more food before winter， and from expending less energy in daily survival mode. Others， like snowshoe hares， are put at center stage in predators(捕食者) view when they lack snow for disguising their white furnot a good thing for them， of course.Black bears， on the other hand have been keeping busy gathering nuts and apples， when they would normally have settled into their winter homes by now. Vermont and Massachusetts officials have asked residents to wait till snow falls to take out their bird feeders for the sake of safety， the article said.“We suggest waiting for 6 or more inches of snow that lasts before taking out your bird feeders， especially if you have been visited in the past by bears or if there are sightings of bears in your neighborhood，” Forrest Hammond， Vermont Fish and Wildlifes bear biologist said in the article. “Due to lack of snow and frozen ground， birds are able to seek food in fields and forests for their natural foods.”Snow amounts can also determine how comfortable bears are and how quickly they consume their accumulated fat during hibernation(冬眠)， noted Hammond in the article. This is because snow covers and traps them in their winter homes， and also hides them from predators.语篇解读随着冬季降雪，很多动物进入冬眠期。但是，由于受厄尔尼诺现象的影响，北美一些地区降雪量减少，使得一些动物无法正常冬眠。1.What may upset snowshoe hares because of El Nio？A.Their being caught more easily.B.Their failing to gather more food.C.Their consuming more energy.D.Their losing sight of their enemies.解析：考查细节理解。依据第二段的“Others，like snowshoe hares， are put at center stage in predators(捕食者) view when they lack snow for disguising their white fur”可知，没有足够的雪来伪装白靴兔白色的皮毛，这使得它们很容易被捕食者发现。由此可知，因为厄尔尼诺现象，它们更容易被捕捉到了。答案：A2.Why did the officials ask people to keep bird feeders until snow falls？A.They may disturb bears.B.Theres no need to do so.C.To avoid attracting bears.D.For the safety of bears.解析：考查推理判断。第三段开头提到往年这个时候，黑熊通常都已经待在冬眠的窝里了，但现在它们却忙着收集坚果和苹果，再根据“Vermont and Massachusetts officials have asked residents to wait till snow falls to take out their bird feeders for the sake of safety”可知，暂时不把喂鸟器拿出来是为了不招来熊。故选C项。答案：C3.What do the bear biologists words imply？A.A heavy snow is on the way.B.Bears are common nowadays.C.Bears live mainly on birds in winter.D.Warm weather benefits birds in winter.解析：考查推理判断。依据第四段的尾句“Due to lack of snow and frozen ground，birds are able to seek food in fields and forests for their natural foods”可知，由于缺乏雪和冻土，鸟类可以在田野和森林中觅食，因此暖冬对鸟的生存有利，故选D项。答案：D4.Which of the following is the proper title for the passage？A.Warm Weather Helps Animals SurviveB.Snow Amounts Determine Animals Winter LifeC.Measures Should Be Taken to Protect WildlifeD.Lack of Snow Affects North American Animals解析：考查主旨要义。作者在首段中先提出气候变暖对北美动物有影响，下文以白靴兔和黑熊为例进行具体说明，因此D项作文章标题最佳。答案：DBPeople at risk of a heart attack or stroke could benefit from bloodpressurelowering drugs even if their blood pressure is considered in the normal， healthy range. If such drugs were offered to people with cardiac(心脏的) risks regardless of their blood pressure at the beginning of treatment it could save millions of lives， researchers in Oxford University found.For the study， the team analyzed more than 120 medical trials including around 600，000 people conducted over two decades， saying their findings are a call for an urgent review of existing blood pressure treatment guidelines. “Our findings clearly show that treating blood pressure to a lower level could greatly reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease， if widely conducted，” said study lead author Kazem Rahimi.High blood pressure has long been identified as a factor in higher risks of heart disease and strokes， and makes more than a billion people around the globe in tormentincluding one out of three U.S. adults.Blood pressure is recorded in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) as two numbers in a ratio： “systolic” pressure inside the arteries(动脉) when the heart beats as the top number， and “diastolic(舒张的)” pressure between heartbeats， as the heart rests and is refilled with blood. “Normal” blood pressure is considered at 120/80 or below， and is considered “high” at 140/90 or above， according to the American Heart Association. The researchers said their study showed that for every reduction in systolic pressure of 10 mmHg， the risk of heart attacks was reduced by a fifth and that of a stroke around a quarter.Some experts said they thought the studys findings were important but did offer some warnings. “One important warning is that not everyone will be able to tolerate having their blood pressure reduced to low levels， and there is a need to balance possible drug side effects and likely benefits，” Smeeth said.语篇解读本文为说明文。牛津大学的研究人员发现，即使在血压正常的情况下，使用降血压的药物也有助于降低心脏病发作和中风的概率。5.What do the findings indicate？A.Normal blood pressure doesnt mean a healthy body.B.The existing blood pressure treatment is useless.C.High blood pressure is the first health killer.D.High blood pressure causes many diseases.解析：考查推理判断。根据第一段内容可知，牛津大学的研究人员发现，即使在血压正常的情况下，有心脏病发作或中风的风险的人们也能从降血压的药物中获益。如果这种药物在治疗的一开始就用在可能患心脏病的人身上而不考虑他们的血压，这可能会挽救数百万生命。也就是说，一个人即使血压正常，也不见得身体就健康。答案：A6.What does the underlined word “torment” (in Paragraph 3) mean？A.Tolerance.B.Debt.C.Pain. D.Despair.解析：考查词义猜测。第三段提到“High blood pressure has long been identified as a factor in higher risks of heart disease and strokes”，高血压一直被视为患心脏病和中风概率高的一个因素，紧接着说“makes more than a billion people around the globe in torment”，根据语境和常识可知，这里应指“让全球超过十亿的人受苦”，故pain与torment意思相近。误解分析：D项干扰性很大，学生会认为高血压应该让人绝望，显然这样的表述过于严重了，高血压跟绝症不同，高血压很普遍，患高血压的人非常多，不至于让人绝望。答案：C7.What is the function of Paragraph 4？A.To teach how to measure blood pressure.B.To compare high and normal blood pressure.C.To explain the factor in heart attacks and strokes.D.To show some diseases are related to blood pressure.解析：考查推理判断。作者在第四段的前半部分解释了正常血压和高血压的测量数据，并且解释了在测量血压时的专业术语：收缩压和舒张压，后面谈到收缩压降低10毫米汞柱，心脏病发作的风险会降低五分之一，中风的风险会降低四分之一左右。由此可知，作者写第四段是为了更好地解释血压和某些疾病之间的关系，故选D项。答案：D8.What can be inferred from Smeeths words？A.He thought less of the findings.B.Reducing blood pressure isnt safe for everyone.C.Most experts disagree with the findings.D.Drug side effects are bigger than benefits.解析：考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段的内容，尤其是“the studys findings were important but did offer some warnings”“One important warning is that not everyone will be able to tolerate having their blood pressure reduced to low levels”可知，Smeeth认为这项研究的结果固然重要，但是也发出了警告，并不是人人都能忍受把血压降低的，即降低血压并非对每一个人来说都是安全的，故选B项。答案：B.完形填空When I began high school， I wasnt the most confident kid. I didnt believe I could _1_ college. I did well at school and took part in many afterschool activities. I was able to _2_ many leadership roles there.Many teens _3_ that age went through things during their high school years， and I wasnt an _4_. My teachers guided me through so many _5_ things and made sure I always stayed _6_. The time to apply to a university came and I didnt have any _7_. They encouraged me to get a degree. Because they saw _8_ in me， they encouraged me to try. But I didnt think that I was _9_ enough to attend a fouryear university.While I studied in DePauw University， I _10_ culture shock. When I came home for a break， I would go and visit my _11_. They were always willing to listen and provide me with a space to _12_ my experiences with them. They always gave me the best advice that they _13_. Perhaps they didnt realize it， but by providing me with a space to tell about my experiences， they were _14_ me. Every word of encouragement helped me. I knew that they believed in me， and I didnt want to _15_ them down.If it hadnt been for them， I wouldnt have _16_ from DePauw University. While in high school， they offered me so much _17_ in my study， but they guided me more in my personal life. Their advice has _18_ an important part in shaping who I am today. They believed in me so much that I _19_ to believe in myself. It is because of teachers like them _20_ students gain confidence.语篇解读本文是记叙文。我上中学时，缺乏自信。但在老师的鼓励和帮助下，我不断进步，最终上了大学并获得了大学文凭，我由衷地感激我的老师。1.A.visit B.buildC.take D.attend解析：考查搭配关系及语境。根据上下文和第二段中的关键信息“to attend a fouryear university”可知，此处该填入动词attend。答案：D2.A.take up B.take downC.come out D.come up解析：考查动词短语辨析。此处表示我能从事(take up)一些领导工作。故选A。答案：A3.A.on B.forC.at D.in解析：考查介词的用法。根据语境可知，此处为固定搭配at that age“在那个年龄”。答案：C4.A.expert B.educatorC.exception D.example解析：考查语境理解。此处表示许多那个年龄的青少年都经历了各种各样的事，我也不例外。所以用exception。答案：C5.A.intelligent B.interestingC.diligent D.difficult解析：考查语境理解。根据语境可知，此处表示老师指导我克服很多困难，故应用difficult(困难的，艰难的)。答案：D6.A.mysterious B.positiveC.innocent D.honored解析：考查语境理解。结合下文中的“Every word of encouragement helped me.I knew that they believed in me”和四个选项可知，此处表示老师指导我克服困难，并确保我总是积极乐观的，故用positive。答案：B7.A.confidence B.prejudiceC.expression D.opinion解析：考查语境理解。结合上文中的“I wasnt the most confident kid”以及下文中的“They encouraged me to get a degree.”可知，此处表示我对申请大学没有信心。故选A。答案：A8.A.nothing B.somethingC.anything D.everything解析：考查语境理解。我对自己没有信心，但老师却鼓励我申请大学，这是因为他们发现我身上有某种特质。故选B，something表示“想来重要(或值得注意)的事物”。答案：B9.A.foolish B.passiveC.smart D.common解析：考查语境理解。此处表示我认为自己不够聪明，难以上完四年大学。故用形容词smart。答案：C10.A.earned B.establishedC.evaluated D.experienced解析：考查上下文提示。由下文中的“provide me with a space to _12_ my experiences with them”可知，此处应用experience(经历)。答案：D11.A.parents B.teachersC.colleagues D.classmates解析：考查上下文提示。由上文可知，在我对自己没信心的时候，是老师鼓励了我，再结合下文中他们对我的帮助可知，此处应选B，即当我回家休息的时候，我会去拜访我的老师。答案：B12.A.talk about B.care aboutC.bring about D.set about解析：考查上下文暗示。由下文中的“providing me with a space to tell about my experiences”可知，此处应选A。答案：A13.A.must B.shouldC.dared D.could解析：考查语境理解。由上文的“gave me the best advice”可知，此处表示他们总是尽可能地给出最好的建议。故用情态动词could。答案：D14.A.rescuing B.helpingC.training D.demanding解析：考查上下文暗示。根据下文的关键信息“Every word of encouragement helped me.”可知，此处表示也许他们没有意识到，但通过给我提供时间让我讲述我的经历，他们在帮助我。故选B。答案：B15.A.run B.takeC.put D.let解析：考查语境理解。老师们一直在帮助我，鼓励我，所以我不想让他们失望。故D项符合语境。let sb.down表示“使某人失望”。答案：D16.A.come B.escapedC.graduated D.separated解析：考查语境理解。此处表示要不是他们，我难以毕业。graduate from表示“从毕业”。答案：C17.A.guidance B.complaintC.reference D.consideration解析：考查上下文提示。由下文中的“but they guided me more in my personal life”中的guided可知选A。答案：A18.A.made B.setC.mixed D.played解析：考查固定搭配。固定搭配play an important part in表示“在中起重要作用”。故选D。答案：D19.A.started B.wantedC.tried D.expected解析：考查语境选词。我本来对自己没信心，但“They believed in me so much”，所以我开始相信自己了。故用动词started。答案：A20.A.who B.whichC.when D.that解析：考查固定句型。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调结构“It is被强调部分that/who其他”，被强调的部分是“because of teachers like them”，故用that。答案：D