高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解校编题21

湖南澧县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解校编题2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert（警觉）. Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focus-until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.1Babies are sensitive to the change in _.A. the size of cards B. the colour of picturesC. the shape of patternsD. the number of objects2Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment B. To see how babies recognize soundsC. To carry their experiment further D. To keep the babes interest.3Where does this text probably come from?A. Science fiction B. Childrens literatureC. An advertisement D. A science report参考答案13、DCD试题分析：本文属于科学研究类的短文，研究婴儿对于外界声音和变化的反应。科学家在实验中使用了不同的刺激物对婴儿进行刺激以证明研究的准确性。1D 细节题。根据第一段后4行As the cards change from one to the other, her gave（凝视）starts to lose its focus-until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.可知当眼前黑点变成3个的时候，孩子的注意力又恢复了。故D项正确。2C 推理题。根据文章最后三行Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise（同样地）when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots. 可知使用敲鼓的声音来进行试验，就是为了更进一步了解具体情况。故C正确。3D 推理题。本文属于科学研究类的短文，研究婴儿对于外界声音和变化的反应。所以最可能是从科学报告里摘录出来的内容。故D正确。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5,000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States. More than 135,000 demonstrators confronted police on the construction site of a 1,000-megawatt nuclear power plant scheduled to provide power to most of southern New Hampshire. Organizers of the huge demonstration said, the protest was continuing despite the police actions. More demonstrators were arriving to keep up the pressure on state authorities to cancel the project. The demonstrator had charged that the project was unsafe in the densely populated area, would create thermal pollution in the bay, and had no acceptable means for disposing of its radioactive wasters. The demonstrations would go on until the jails and the courts were so overloaded that the state judicial system would collapse.Governor Stanforth Thumper insisted that there would be no reconsideration of the power project and no delay in its construction set for completion in three years. “This project will begin on time and the people of this state will begin to receive its benefits on schedule. Those who break the law in misguided attempts to sabotage the project will be dealt with according to the law,” he said. And police called in reinforcements from all over the state to handle the disturbances.The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned-off construction site. They carried placards that read “No Nukes is Good Nukes,” “Sunpower, Not Nuclear Power,” and “Stop Private Profits from Public Peril.” They defied police order to move from the area. Tear gas canisters fired by police failed to dislodge the protestors who had come prepared with their own gas masks or facecloths. Finally gas-masked and helmeted police charged into the crowd to drag off the demonstrators one by one. The protestors did not resist police, but refused to walk away under their own power. Those arrested would be charged with unlawful assembly, trespassing, and disturbing the peace.1.What were the demonstrators protesting about?A Private profits.Nuclear Power Station.C The project of nuclear power construction.D Public peril.2.Who had gas-masks?A Everybody.A part of the protestors.C Policemen.D Both B and C.3.Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason for the demonstration?A Public transportation.Public peril.C Pollution.D Disposal of wastes.4.With whom were the jails and courts overloaded?A With prisoners.With arrested demonstrators.C With criminals.D With protestors.5.What is the attitude of Governor Stanforth Thumper toward the power project and the demonstration?A stubborn.insistent.C insolvable.D remissible.Vocabulary1.tear gas 瓦斯2.passively resisting protestor 不抵抗的抗议者3.stage 发起，举行，上演4.break up 驱散，终止5.cordon 警戒线，警戒6.nuke （美俚）核武器，核电站7.defy 公然蔑视/反抗8.canister 罐，筒，榴霰弹筒9.islodge 赶走10.charge 冲锋，向前冲11.trespass 非法侵入，扰乱难句译注1.Police fired tear gas and arrested more than 5,000 passively resisting protestors Friday in an attempt to break up the largest antinuclear demonstration ever staged in the United States.【结构简析】句中间用in an attempt介词短语和staged分词使句子变长。Staged修饰demonstration。【参考译文】星期五，再制止美国举行过的最大的反核示威游行中，警方发放了催泪瓦斯，逮捕了5000多不拒捕的抗议者，企图解散游行队伍。2. The protests began before dawn Friday when several thousand demonstrators broke through police lines around the cordoned-off construction site.【结构简析】主从句。【参考译文】星期五拂晓之前，当好几千名示威者冲破警戒再核建设基地周围的警察封锁线时，抗议示威开始了。写作方法与文章大意这是一则有关反对核电站的群众示威抗议的新闻导报，采用对比手法。警方镇压；群众坚决抗议。第一段就写出了尽管警方释放催泪瓦斯，逮捕了5000多人，示威组织者申明抗议要继续下去，越来越多的抗议者参与对当局加压，想迫使其废除在当地建立核电站的计划。其理由是在人口密集地区建站不安全，在海湾产生热污染，核废料处理无有效方法。第二段叙述了州长大人坚决维护核电站的立场，不再考虑计划修改问题，三年内要完成核电站建设。届时，本州人民得益。对企图破坏计划实施而违法的人将以法处置。已集结全州警察加强对付这次捣乱。第三段讲了双方现场交战：星期五破晓，数千示威者（高举示威牌，上写：没有核电站就是好的核电站；不要核能，要太阳能等）冲过建设基地警察警戒线，警察用催泪瓦斯无效后，开始一个一个地抓逮示威者，被捕者将被控以非法集会、侵入和扰乱治安等罪名。答案详解1.C 抗议建设核电站计划。不是抗议核电站。至于B. 核电站还未建，所以不对。A. 私人利益 和 D. 公共危险，这些都是示威牌上之口号不是抗议的主攻方向。2.D 双方。 最后一段第四行最后和第五行“抗议者准备了他们自己的防毒面具或面罩。最后，头戴防毒面具和头盔的警察冲进人群一个一个地抓逮示威者。”所以说两方面都有防毒面具。3.A 公共交通运输。B. 公共危险。 C. 污染。 D. 废料处理，是三个抗议的理由。4.B 被逮捕的示威者。第一段最后一行“示威要继续下去直到州监牢和州法庭人满为患，从而使州司法体系垮台。”说明示威者准备去坐牢，决不服输的决心。而人多到监牢装不下证明州司法的问题。所以这里只能是被抓的示威者。A. 犯人。 C. 罪犯。D.抗议者。警察不可能抓所有的抗议者。关在牢里的只能是被抓的示威者。5.A 固执己见，冥顽不化。见第二段他坚持说核电站计划不用再考虑，三年内一定要建成，计划准时开始，本州人民到时候就能获益。对这些违法企图破坏计划的人依法惩处。并且从州内各处调集警察来处理这次“骚乱”。从语言到行动都说明，这位州长固执己见，顽固得很。B. 坚持的。 C. 不能解决的。 D. 可宽恕的。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。YOUR mom might cook a bowl of noodles for you on your birthday. But in the US, a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday.Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting (糖霜). It has been an American tradition that moms bring cupcakes to the classroom to celebrate their childs birthday.But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to child obesity.Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering (妨碍) with American culture. The cupcake is seen as American as apple pie only prettier.According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York University, the cupcake is the most democratic (民主的) of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you dont have to share your cupcake with anyone its all yours. They are also all the same size, so there cant be any cries of “she got the bigger piece!”Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self-determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, others have it all in just one bite.In recent years, eating a cupcake has become as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee.Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was elected president, she would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday.Ruth Reichl, editor-in-chief of Gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much about going back to American national identity in food, which is all about comfort. “People want to think about when they and their country were innocent,” she said.16. According to the passage, it has been an American tradition that _.A. a party for children on their birthdayB. A mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthdayC. A mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroomD. parents go travelling with their children on their birthday17. Why do doctors ask people to ban cupcakes on childrens birthday?A. Because they themselves dont like cupcakes.B. Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious.C. Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of “She got the bigger piece”.D. Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children become fat.18. Which of the following is Not true according to Marion Nestle?A. The cupcake is more democratic than any other deserts in the US.B. The cupcake is too small to share with others.C. The sizes of cupcakes are the same so its equal to everyone.D. Cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned.19. The underlined word “trendy” in paragraph 7 probably means _.A. popularB. gentleC. deliciousD. different20. Why did the writer mention Hillary Clinton and Ruth Reichl?A. To arouse the readers attention.B. To show that cupcakes are becoming a popular to show kindness and comfort.C. To make a comparison between them.D. To give readers a general idea of cupcakes. 全解全析本文介绍了美国孩子生日吃杯型蛋糕的传统。16. C 细节理解题。第二段第二句可知C正确。17. D 细节理解题。题眼在第三段第二句，关健是理解obesity的意思，文中提到顶上还有糖霜，根据常识可知obesity是“肥伴”之意。18. D 细节理解题。因第五段中，只有D不是Marion Nestle说的话。19. A 词义猜测题。根据常识coffee在西方国家是非常流行的，故trendy意为“流行的”。20. B 推理判断题。由最后两段可推知B最合适。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013广东省广州市调研测试】 As thousands of communities in the USA especially in the South became booming gateways for immigrant families from Central and South America during the 1990s and the early years of the new century, public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the large numbers of English learners arriving in their classrooms. Education programs needed to be built from scratch. “We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before. We had to develop them all ourselves,” a Texas principal said. Throughout the country, districts had to train their own teachers to teach English to non-native speakers or recruit teachers from elsewhere. School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who spoke no English. But even as immigration has slowed or stopped in many places, and instructional programs for English-learners have matured, serving immigrant families and their children remains a work in progress in many public schools, especially those in communities that are skeptical, or sometimes unwelcoming, to the newcomers. One of the biggest challenges educators face, is communicating effectively with parents who dont speak English an issue that, in part, has contributed to recent complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities. “The parents role is very important for the success of these students, but its also one of the most difficult things weve had to tackle,” said Jim D. Rollins, the president of the Springdale school district, where the 19,000-student school system has gone from having no English-learners 15 years ago to more than 7,500 now. “You have to make it a priority and work on it, work on it, and work on it.” Aside from the practical challenges, such as finding bilingual (会说两种语言的) staff members, guiding districts through such dramatic changes requires school leaders to bridge difficult political and cultural divides. For school leaders in the South, especially in the last few years, this difficult job has been made harder still by the negative attitudes of some locals towards immigrants. 36. According to the passage, what is the problem that public schools are facing? A. Handling more cases from the immigrant Mexican communities. B. Offering services to immigrant families in the southern states. C. Offering enough communicative lessons to immigrant parents. D. Providing education for non-native English learners.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the large numbers of English learners arriving in their classrooms.公立学校目前面临的问题是为那些母语不是英语的学生提供教育，故选D。37. The underlined part “built from scratch” (in Paragraph 2) probably means “_”. A. completely new B. painful to make C. based on past experience D. constructed gradually 【答案】A【解析】短语猜测题。根据We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before.因为以前没有过适合英语的初学者的教学资源，所以这个短语应是完全是新的，故选A。38. What is one of the things the school leaders have done to deal with the problems? A. Provide more Spanish-only classes. B. Invite more teachers from other places. C. Train their teachers to speak Spanish. D. Use bilingual parents as part-time teachers.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Throughout the country, districts had to train their own teachers to teach English to non-native speakers or recruit teachers from elsewhere.主要问题是解决师资问题，需要更多的老师，需要邀请从外地来的老师，故选B。39. What do we know about the immigrant parents? A. Many of them cannot speak English. B. Most of them think education is not important. C. Some of them feel skeptical about the local community. D. Few of them have attended American schools. 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who spoke no English.。这些父母当然不会讲英语，故选A。40. According to Paragraph 3, what has caused some of the recent complaints by Latino students? A. Discrimination by schools. B. Unfriendliness of the locals. C. Miscommunication with parents. D. Poor government service.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据One of the biggest challenges educators face, is communicating effectively with parents who dont speak English an issue that, in part, has contributed to complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities.由于学生的家长不会英语所以交流起来有一定的困难，容易引起误解，故选C。