高考英语二轮复习 第2部分 专题4 去伪存真 揭密短文改错

去伪存真 揭密短文改错第一节立足整体步步提升高考短文改错题用以考查考生判断、发现、纠正语境中英语语言使用错误的能力，及考生在语篇角度上把握内容、查找行文逻辑的能力。因此，仅仅把改错题视为对语法的考查，是对高考中短文改错的误解。命题规律知趋向1短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。2错误类型有三种：多词、少词和错词。在总题量10个小题中，其比例一般为118，即1个多词、1个少词、8个错词。在错词中，多涉及动词、名词、形容词和副词；多词和少词主要涉及冠词和介词等。解题技巧明方法1四要法(1)要浏览全文，把握大意。(2)要找出短文中的句号，把短文拆分成若干句子。短文改错不应按行去分析改错，而应以句子为单位进行断句改错。(3)要认真分析句子结构，从“多、缺、错”三个方面入手，进行改错。(4)要重新通读自己改正过的文章，进行检查。2四看法(1)看每行或每句有无“一致性”错误：主谓是否一致；指代是否一致；修饰语与被修饰语是否一致；前后时态是否一致；单复数是否一致；并列连词and，or，but等前后的形式是否一致。(2)看每行或每句有无“搭配”错误：动宾搭配；动词与介词搭配；介词与名词搭配；固定短语等。(3)看每行或每句有无“词法、语法”错误：冠词the，an，a误用；非谓语动词的误用；引导词误用；形容词与副词误用；时态、语态使用不当；并列连词误用(and，but，or，so等)；名词单复数形式误用等。(4)看每行或每句有无“逻辑意义”错误，如按照上下文意思本该用push的地方用了pull。失分误区晓缺陷1对语法的基础知识掌握不准2不能正确分析句子结构3对固定结构识别不清楚4对上下文逻辑理解不清5未能把握文章整体意图假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2016高考全国乙卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead，he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案及解析：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to I live.Though not very big， the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is .Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables high quality oil are for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in short period of time.Instead，he hopes that business will grow .1解析：句法错误。close to后接宾语从句。I live缺少地点状语，故用where引导宾语从句。答案：thatwhere2解析：行文逻辑错误。though与but不能用在同一个句子中。答案：去掉but3解析：句法错误。文章通篇用一般现在时，故将had改为have。答案：hadhave4解析：词法错误。主语是the key，与表语构成同位关系，并非对主语的描述，故用名词。答案：honesthonesty5解析：行文逻辑错误。fresh vegetables和high quality oil是并列关系，不是选择关系，故将or改为and。答案：orand6解析：句法错误。fresh vegetables and high quality oil与use是被动关系，故用被动语态。be used for被用于。答案：usingused7解析：词法错误。dream of doing sth.梦想做某事，是固定搭配。答案：dreams后加of8解析：词法错误。in a short period of time在短时间内，是固定短语。答案：short前面的thea9解析：行文逻辑错误。由My uncle is the owner of a restaurant .可知，餐馆是“我”叔叔的，故将our改为his。答案：ourhis10解析：词法错误。grow在此是实义动词并非连系动词，故用副词修饰。答案：steadysteadilyAOur teachers and friends are important for us. I had such a experience when I was in junior school. I was doing bad in maths at that time.However hard I tried，I just couldnt catch up on others. I almost lost heart when we had a new maths teacher，Mr Hu. Now and then he talk with me，telling me the ways to learn maths and encourage me to keep on trying.Only then do I realize that I was not studying maths in scientific way. With his help，I was doing a little better gradual.One year later，I made amazed progress.I am always grateful to Mr Hu，without whom I would never have been adopted the proper approach to learning maths.答案：Our teachers and friends are important for us. I had such experience when I was in junior school. I was doing in maths at that time.However hard I tried，I just couldnt catch up others. I almost lost heart when we had a new maths teacher，Mr Hu. Now and then he with me，telling me the ways to learn maths and me to keep on trying.Only then I realize that I was not studying maths in scientific way. With his help，I was doing a little better .One year later，I made progress.I am always grateful to Mr Hu，without whom I would never have adopted the proper approach to learning maths.BOne afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant，waited for the food I had ordered. Suddenly I noticed a man sitting at table near the window kept glancing at my direction.Finally he got away and went into the kitchen. When he came out，he paid his bill and left. I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man wanted. He told me that the man was a detective (侦探). She thought I was the man he was looking for，because he came into the kitchen to check for it. Since everybody knew me，the staff told him that he had made a mistake. Its really luck I came to a restaurant that I am known.答案：One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant， for the food I had ordered. Suddenly I noticed a man sitting at table near the window kept glancing my direction.Finally he got and went into the kitchen. When he came out，he paid his bill and left. I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man wanted. He told me that the man was a detective (侦探). thought I was the man he was looking for， he came into the kitchen to check it. Since everybody knew me，the staff told him that he had made a mistake. Its really I came to a restaurant I am known.CDear Mr Wang，I am a student who lives next to you. Im writing to complain about the noise what your daughter made when she was playing the piano every night.As a senior school student，Im so enthusiastic about my study that Im always absorbing in it，and there is no doubt that a good sleep at night can contribute my study. However，neither I nor my parents could fall sleep every time there was a noise cause by the piano. I found I was so sleepy in my classes that its hard for me to fix my attentions on study. It seemed that the noise was to blame. To prevent this from happen again，I would like to suggest you let your daughter put forward the time to practice the piano.We would appreciate that if you could take effective measures as soon as possibly. I am looking forward to you reply. Many thanks and best wishes!答案：Dear Mr Wang，I am a student who lives next to you. Im writing to complain about the noise your daughter made when she was playing the piano every night.As a senior school student，Im so enthusiastic about my study that Im always in it，and there is no doubt that a good sleep at night can contribute my study. However，neither I nor my parents could fall every time there was a noise by the piano. I found I was so sleepy in my classes that its hard for me to fix my on study. It seemed that the noise was to blame. To prevent this from again，I would like to suggest you let your daughter put forward the time to practice the piano.We would appreciate if you could take effective measures as soon as . I am looking forward to reply. Many thanks and best wishes！第二节细致入微词法错误1词性的错用答案：easilygoodnoisydifficultygrowthsucceed2冠词的错用答案：anaatheantheathetheflowers前的thegreat fun前的aaa3名词数和格的错用答案：shouldersgoaltimesprogressdeskmates4代词的错用答案：ittheirouryourshimmyselfsomethingmuchanother5形容词、副词以及比较等级的错用答案：clearly/wellhardSometimesbestmoremore6介词的错用答案：inoveratinwithinforin7谓语动词的错用时态、语态以及虚拟语气答案：toldhavelooked或其前的weredrunkwerebepaidshould8非谓语动词的错用答案：her后的totosittingsingingFeelingtiredunderstandseeing.单句改错1I gained so much confidence that I went back to school as new person. 2With coming of spring，grass and trees turn green. 3(2016江西八所重点中学4月联考)We were touched by such an act of kind on a hot day. 4(2016浙江温州联考)One Monday afternoon，we were playing the basketball in the playground when I suddenly slipped and fell over. 5I just smiled to me and thought，“What can I do？” 6It was the first time that an English Corner had held in our school. 7Growing up is not easy.Sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on. 8The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming down. 9When a young man starts to earn his own living，he can no longer expect others to pay his food. 10The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make the balloon light. 1解析：as后加a。冠词的漏用。单数名词前如果没有其他限定词出现，一般要用不定冠词。2解析：with后加the。冠词的漏用。coming用作名词，需加定冠词the，如the making of paper。3答案：kindkindness。4答案：去掉basketball前的the。5解析：memyself。smile to oneself意为“自己暗暗地笑”，是固定用法，这是代词使用不当。6答案：held前加been。7解析：needneeded。语态的误用。此处应为被动语态。8解析：keepskeeping。句中keeping the balloon up作定语，修饰the air，与the air是主谓关系。9解析：pay后加for。pay for sth.为固定结构，意为“支付”。10解析：lightlighter。比较等级的误用。根据文意，两个人把所有的装备都扔进水里是为了让气球比原来更轻，故用比较级。.短文改错Test 1This morning on my way school I was deeply moved by what I saw outside a bank.An old man was counting his money in the front of the bank while suddenly a young man came running and knocked him down.To make things bad，his money was lying in all directions.In no time the people around rushed to pick the money up while the old man stood here，not know what to do.Surprisingly，everyone gives back the money they just had picked up.The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed.To my great joy，there are now a lot of nice people in your life.Its true that honest is more important than money!答案：This morning on my way school I was deeply moved by what I saw outside a bank.An old man was counting his money in front of the bank suddenly a young man came running and knocked him down.To make things ，his money was lying in all directions.In no time the people around rushed to pick the money up while the old man stood ，not what to do.Surprisingly，everyone back the money they just had picked up.The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was .To my great joy，there are now a lot of nice people in life.Its true that is more important than money!Test 2Im very grateful to my English teacher.In the past，my biggest shortcoming used to being carelessness，that worried me a lot.To make matters worse，I was so anxious to seek the fundamental reason in my failure.I just devoted me to huge amounts of practice，not paying attention to repeated mistakes.Fortunately，my teacher noticed it and offers to have a long talk with me.She gave me lots of advices on how to get rid of it.After I was persuading to change my attitude，I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well as.It was the support she had given me made me what Im today.答案：Im very grateful to my English teacher.In the past，my biggest shortcoming used to carelessness， worried me a lot.To make matters worse，I was anxious to seek the fundamental reason my failure.I just devoted to huge amounts of practice，not paying attention to repeated mistakes.Fortunately，my teacher noticed it and to have a long talk with me.She gave me lots of on how to get rid of it.After I was to change my attitude，I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well .It was the support she had given me made me what Im today.第三节斟酌语句句法错误1主谓一致错误答案：lookshashashasamamwasis2连词错误答案：andbutwhichwherewhothinkingThough/Althoughwhenuntilsincethatwherewhatwhatthatthat3句子成分赘余答案：veryfarittherebutyetwhen4平行结构错误答案：trysit5句子粘连错误答案：whichand.单句改错1Last summer，I went to Beijing，my first time trip to the city. 2Two years later，he returned back home. 330 percent of girls would like to become teachers when only 5 percent of boys want to do this job. 4They wanted one child or another to come out and played. 5Bill was standing at the side of the car，talking to the man who were helping him to repair it. 6But then there is always more mysteries to look into. 7Being a qualified teacher need a lot of practice and training. 8Because the help you gave me that summer，my life changed. 9I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light. 10Study hard，youll make great progress. 1解析：去掉time。time一词多余，first即可表达“第一次”。2解析：去掉back。return即可表达“归来”之意。3解析：whenwhile。句中表达的是男生和女生愿意当老师的人数的对比，因此用while。4解析：playedplay。play和前面的come out为并列的动词。5解析：werewas。先行词the man是单数，因此定语从句的谓语动词也为单数。6解析：isare。后面的mysteries为复数形式。7解析：needneeds。动名词作主语谓语动词一般用单数。8解析：Because后加of。连词与介词的混用。because of后可接名词，而because只能接句子。9解析：butand。根据句意，此处无转折意义。10解析：逗号后加and/StudyStudying。逗号前后是两个简单句，中间需加连词。另外，先后两句话为顺承关系，因此在逗号后加连词and。或者把Study改为Studying，用v.ing作状语。.短文改错Test 1When I am a kid，I never had any problems watching some cartoons. It was so many fun and a great education too. Mickey Mouse，Donald Duck，Tom and Jerry were my idols. Even now I really feel that they are worth watched at any age.The problem Ive found is the cartoons in present. Some of them contains something ugly. If you are expecting to teach your kids good manner and behavior，then they are the worst for your kids to watch. If your kid is fan of such cartoons，he or she will follow his or her favorite cartoon character and try to do something extreme dangerous.Therefore，try not to let your kids to watch too many todays cartoons. Make sure to keep an eye on that they are watching.答案：When I a kid，I never had any problems watching some cartoons. It was so fun and a great education too. Mickey Mouse，Donald Duck，Tom and Jerry were my idols. Even now I really feel that they are worth at any age.The problem Ive found is the cartoons present. Some of them something ugly. If you are expecting to teach your kids good and behavior，then they are the worst for your kids to watch. If your kid is fan of such cartoons，he or she will follow his or her favorite cartoon character and try to do something dangerous.Therefore，try not to let your kids watch too many todays cartoons. Make sure to keep an eye on they are watching.Test 2Dear Diana，Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Annes friend，Gina. Unfortunate，the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and，for a result，there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park here Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way to home.答案：Dear Diana，Thank you for the lovely day we with you. It was so kind you to let us bring Annes friend，Gina. ，the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and， a result，there was a long line of traffic for at least six . In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there the road was clear. In the car park Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way home.第四节前后推敲语篇型错误1上下文中时态不一致答案：wasare2上下文中代词指代不一致答案：its/theNone3上下文中行文逻辑不一致答案：could后的notAfter.单句改错1We must find ways to protect your environment. 2I read your email to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me. 3Many students feel it that a popular teacher must be kind and easygoing. 4(2014高考全国卷)We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sat by the lake listening to music. 5(2015高考全国卷)When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there. 6(2015高考全国卷)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. 7(2015高考全国卷)There the air is clean or the mountains are green. 8Today is Toms 70th birthday，but his sons didnt care for him on this special day. 1解析：yourour/the。前后代词指代需一致，前面用we，因此后面作定语的应用our。2解析：去掉it。you sent to me是定语从句，关系代词为that和which，在句中作宾语，故不能再使用代词it。3解析：去掉it。动词feel的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，而it不是形式宾语(如果是形式宾语，其后应接形容词)。4解析：satsit。此处sit和前面的lie是并列关系。根据上下文及此处lie所用的动词时态形式可知，应把过去式sat改为一般现在时sit。5解析：thinkthought。前句是一般过去时，且本复合句的从句用了过去将来时，故此处应用一般过去时，以符合“时态一致”原则。小时候，我希望在城市里居住。我原以为在那里我会很幸福。是过去以为，要用一般过去时态。6解析：删除shown前的been。此处表示“研究表明”，所以用主动语态。7解析：orand。乡村的空气是干净的，大山是翠绿翠绿的。前后是并列关系。8解析：didntdont。由前半部分可知，此处应用一般现在时。.短文改错Test 1(2016河北邢台高三摸底考试)Last Saturday，Mum gave me two ticket for a film.Although she was too busy to go with me，she told me to sell the extra ticket if possibly.At the gate of the cinema I met a handsome young man who was offered to have them，but he had only a 100yuan note.He asked me to wait a moment for him change it in the cinemas store.Without much thinking，I agreed.He walked so fast that I could hard keep up for him.Soon he disappeared，and I stood there without knowing how to do.Suddenly I realized the handsome young fellow has cheated me.He had saved money，but lost his honor.答案：Last Saturday，Mum gave me two for a film. she was too busy to go with me，she told me to sell the extra ticket if .At the gate of the cinema I met a handsome young man who offered to have ，but he had only a 100yuan note.He asked me to wait a moment for him change it in the cinemas store.Without much thinking，I agreed.He walked so fast that I could keep up him.Soon he disappeared，and I stood there without knowing to do.Suddenly I realized the handsome young fellow cheated me.He had saved money，but lost his honor.Test 2I am glad that our newlybuilt electronic reading room will put into use soon. Here are my suggestions: Since the ereading room is larger enough，I think it should be access to all the students. In order to suit the students timetable，that is better to be open from 6：00 am. to 10：00 pm. from Monday to Friday or 7: 00 am. to 10: 00 pm. at weekends. As for the books to be stored，we are very interested in reference book about all subjects they are learning. Besides，we also welcomed different types of dictionaries，novels，magazines and newspapers，so that