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专题四阅读理解之观点态度和文章结构题 限时15分钟A(2015陕西)The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, fullsun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shadegrown production to fullsun production endangers the very existence of, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the worlds ecological balance.On a local level, the damage of the forest required by fullsun fields affects the areas birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种)that depend on the trees flowers and fruits.Fullsun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result, many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for fullsun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition, new coffeegrowing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the worlds groundwater.Both locally and globally, the continued spread of fullsun coffee plantations(种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the worlds climate, and studies show that loss of oxygengiving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的)soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.语篇解读文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产给环境和生态带来的种种危害，呼吁人们不要购买这种咖啡，而要买对环境有利的产品。1What can we learn about fullsun coffee production from Paragraph 4?AIt limits the spread of new growing techniques.BIt leads to air pollution and global warming.CIt slows down the loss of shade trees.DIt improves local soil conditions.解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子，可知阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来空气污染和全球气温变暖，故选B。答案B2The purpose of the text is to_.AentertainBadvertiseCinstruct Dpersuade解析写作意图题。根据文章最后一段的句子，可知作者的意图是劝说人们购买阴凉处种植的咖啡，这样对环境是有好处的，故选D。答案D3Where does this text probably come from?AAn agricultural magazine.BA medical journal.CAn engineering textbook.DA tourist guide.解析推理判断题。文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来的破坏，应该是出自一本农业杂志，故选A。答案A4Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?解析文章第一段介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产的话题，二、三、四段介绍了阳光充足的咖啡生产带来的破坏，第五段说服人们去购买对环境有利的阴凉处种植的咖啡，所以是总分总的结构，故选A。答案AB(2015湖北)Science has a lot of uses.It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up.Indeed science is so good at what it does that theres always a temptation(诱惑)to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful.David Brooks, author of The Social Animal：The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.Brooks gained fame for several books.His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books.It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics.The book focuses on big questions：What has science revealed about human nature？What are the sources of character？And why are some people happy and successful while others arent?To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科)Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts.But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate way.Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the readers attention.So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction.Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.On the whole, Brookss story is acceptable if uninspired.As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest.I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own.While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie eslewhere.These problems partly involve Brookss attempt to translate his tale into science.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。并以Brooks的新书The Social Animal为例，批判地分析这本书的优势和不足。5The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to_.Aillustrate where science can be appliedBdemonstrate the value of Brookss new bookCremind the reader of the importance of scienceDexplain why many writers use science in their works解析写作意图题。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。故选D项。答案D6According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?AIts strong basis. BIts convincing points.CIts clear writing. DIts memorable characters.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“., his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest.I enjoyed, .”可知作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的一大优势。故选C项。答案C7What is the authors general attitude towards the book?AContradictory. BSupportive.CCautious. DCritical.解析观点态度题。最后一段中的链接词“while”之前是这本书的优势，其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者对这部书持批判的态度。故选D项。答案D8What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?AProblems with the book.BBrookss life experience.CDeath of the characters.DBrookss translation skills.解析篇章结构题。文章最后一段中链接词“while”后面部分开始谈论这本书存在的问题。因此紧接着作者应该还是在写这本书的不足。故选A项。答案A
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