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第五组.阅读理解AMy students often tell me that they dont have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork.My reply is often a brief “You_have_as_much_time_as_the_president.” I tell them that “not enough time” is not an acceptable explanation of not getting something done.Once in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors by saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “Thats irrelevant(无关的). Whats important is the quality of your work.”If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, of course, the matter of “time”， which we can think of as fixed. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, its not how hard one works but the quality of the product thats important.That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That concept is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someones office：“Dont work harder. Work smarter.” There is a lot of sense in that idea.If you cant get more time, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of the same time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means “homework”， the expression “work habits” should be read as “study habits”Then, as a smart student, you will seek to improve those skills that you use in study, chiefly reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that pay off in all your studies.体裁：议论文题材：文化教育主题：事半功倍语篇导读：人们经常抱怨时间不够用，但每个人每天所拥有的时间是相同的。仅仅工作努力还不够，最重要的是提高工作质量。对于聪明的学生而言，这就需要改善学习技巧。1From the passage, we know that the author is probably _.Aa poetBan educatorCa novelistDan engineer【解析】B推理判断题。根据第一段中My students可推知，作者是一名教师，故选B项，“教育工作者”。A项诗人；C项小说家；D项工程师，都不符合作者身份。2What does the underlined sentence “You have as much time as the president.” mean?AThere are twentyfour hours in the day for everyone.BThe president always has more time than students.CStudents dont have enough time to do all their schoolwork.DStudents can get everything done well as the president.【解析】A句意理解题。根据第一段和第二段可知，学生们抱怨时间不够，作业完成不了。作者认为，时间不够不是做不完作业的理由，因为学生和总统一样，每天都有24小时的时间，但总统每天要处理很多事。由此可知，答案为A项。3According to the passage, working smarter is to _.Awork harder and harderBget your time fixedCget more timeDimprove the quality of the work【解析】D推理判断题。根据第六段第一句可知，我们不能获得更多时间，所以唯一能做的就是提高工作质量。由此可知，明智地工作就是提高工作质量，故选D项。BHarvard researchers have created a tough, lowcost, biodegradable(可生物降解的) material inspired by insects hard outer shells. The materials inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. The material, made from shrimp(虾) shells and proteins produced from silk, is called “shrilk”. It is thin, clear, flexible and strong.A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability. Plastics toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and 60s. Decades later, however, plastics very durability(耐用性) is raising questions about how appropriate it is for onetime products such as plastic bags, or shortlived consumer goods, used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries. What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill, but its basic components are used as fertilizer(肥料), and so will enrich the soil.Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells, insect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material.Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab. The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet, so theyre exploring ways to use it in wet environments. Theyre also developing simpler production processes, which could be used for nonmedical products, like for computer cases and other products inside the home. Theyre even exploring combining it with other materials, like carbon fibers, to give it new properties.体裁：说明文题材：科普知识主题：环保材料语篇导读：本文向我们介绍了一种新型环保低成本的材料，这种材料有望替代难降解的塑料。4Paragraph 1 of the passage is mainly about shrilks _.Aremarkable designBinteresting nameCmajor featuresDbasic elements【解析】C细节理解题。第一段中的tough，lowcost，biodegradable(可生物降解的)；more environmentally friendly；thin，clear, flexible and strong都是 shrilk的特征，故选C项。5What has become a concern about plastic?AUsing it properly.BProducing it cheaply.CDeveloping its properties quickly.DEvaluating its contributions fairly.【解析】A推理判断题。由第二段的第三句可推知，如何恰当地使用塑料是个令人忧虑的问题。6According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because _.Ait can help plastic degradeBit can be found in living thingsCits mass production has been realizedDits raw materials are abundant in nature【解析】D细节理解题。根据第四段中的Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature可知选D项。plentiful与D项的abundant是同义词。7What are the inventors doing in the lab?AReplacing carbon fibers with shrilk.BTesting shrilks use in wet conditions.CMaking shrilk out of used household goods.DImproving shrilks flexibility for medical purposes.【解析】B细节理解题。根据最后一段的前两句可知，这种材料在潮湿的情况下会变得易弯曲，发明者正在探索在潮湿的环境中使用它的方法。8Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?ARecent Progress in Environmental ProtectionBBenefits of Insects in Scientific ResearchCThe Harm of Onetime ProductsDA Possible Alternative to Plastic【解析】D主旨大意题。文章的第一段开篇点题，主要介绍一种新型材料，这种材料有望替代难降解的塑料，故选D项。.完形填空My 13yearold son and I had quite the adventure this morning! We frequently passed by a _1_ landscaped yard with a nice little flower garden. I wanted to _2_ my thanks for the time and effort put in by the _3_， but Ive never seen him or her, so we went to a local nursery and bought a gift card that I would leave with a _4_ and a smile card the next time that I passed by.We also ran to Walmart and _5_ a few $10 gift cards along with some note cards and our other _6_. While we were putting our things away in the car, my son _7_ that a lady that had just parked next to us looked a little _8_. As soon as she entered the _9_， we grabbed a note card, made a note _10_， and added a gift card for her to find when she got back to her _11_， hoping to comfort her feelings.After that, we went for a(n) _12_ breakfast. The restaurant was pretty _13_ and the people working in the kitchen seemed to be busy forever. A young couple _14_ across the dining table from us was having some trouble with their _15_， who looked to be about four or five. He grew _16_ and impatient with the wait and they had their hands _17_ keeping him from making troubles.I remembered being in their _18_， so I stopped their _19_ and had their breakfast added to my check. Great _20_ to my day, and I cant wait to do it again!体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：传递善意语篇导读：作者讲述了自己和儿子在一日清晨做了三件向陌生人传递善意的美好经历。1A.smoothlyBcarelesslyCroughlyDbeautifully【解析】D根据此空后的landscaped yard with a nice little flower garden可推断，此处表示“一个经过美化的漂亮的院子”，故选D项。smoothly平稳地，顺畅地；carelessly粗心地；roughly粗略地。2A.expressBrecognizeCdesignDaccept【解析】A“我”想对这位投入时间和精力的园丁表达(express)感谢。recognize认出，识别； design设计；accept接受。3A.nurseBdentistCgardenerDpasserby【解析】C根据上一句可推断，此处表示“我” 想对这位能够把院子美化得如此漂亮的园丁(gardener)表示感激。4A.presentBnoteCbookDdiploma【解析】B根据第二段第一句中的a few $10 gift cards along with some note cards可知，此处应用note(便条)。5A.boughtBborrowedCsoldDimported【解析】A“我”和儿子到沃尔玛买(bought)了10美元的礼物卡。6A.instrumentsBdessertsCvegetablesDgroceries【解析】Dinstrument器具，仪表；dessert甜点；vegetable蔬菜；grocery食品杂货。根据语境可知应选D项。7A.suspectedBobservedCimaginedDreserved【解析】B根据语境可知，此处表示“我的儿子注意到刚才紧挨着我们停车的一位女士”，observe观察到，注意到，符合语境。suspect怀疑，猜想；imagine想象；reserve保留，预订。8A.elegantBgenerousCexcitedDupset【解析】D根据下文的hoping to comfort her feelings可推断，此处表示这位女士看上去有点儿沮丧，故选upset难过，沮丧。elegant高雅的，优雅的；generous慷慨的，大方的；excited兴奋的，高兴的。9A.storeBclinicCbankDnursery【解析】A根据上文可知，我们停车去沃尔玛购物，这位女士的车停在我们的旁边，由此可推测此处表示她进入商店(store)。clinic诊所；bank银行；nursery托儿所。10A.slowlyBunwillinglyCquicklyDshyly【解析】C根据语境中的As soon as和grabbed可知，此处应用quickly(迅速地)。slowly缓慢地，慢慢地；unwillingly不情愿地；shyly害羞地。11A.houseBcarCbikeDbench【解析】B根据前文parked(停车)可知，应用car。12A.earlyBboringCexpensiveDlate【解析】Dearly早的；boring令人厌烦的；expensive昂贵的；late迟的。根据上文可知，“我”已经做了一系列的事情，故此处表示比较迟的早餐，即D项正确。13A.decoratedBemptyCpackedDdeserted【解析】Cdecorated装饰的；empty空的；packed挤满人的；deserted空寂无人的。根据空后的and the people working in the kitchen seemed to be busy forever推断C项正确。14A.lainBloadedCseatedDarranged【解析】C根据语境可知，此处表示“在我们对面的餐桌上坐着一对年轻的夫妻”，故选seat(使就座)。15A.sonBdaughterCdogDpet【解析】A根据此空后的who looked to be about four or five. He grew可推断，此处表示这对年轻夫妻的儿子。16A.defenselessBtirelessCcarelessDrestless【解析】Ddefenseless无防御的；tireless不知疲倦的；careless粗心的；restless坐立不安的。根据此空后的impatient(没有耐心的，焦躁的)可知，此处表示年轻夫妻的儿子坐立不安。17A.availableBfullCnormalDnecessary【解析】B此处表示这对夫妻忙着阻止儿子捣乱，have ones hands full非常忙，应接不暇，即B项正确。18A.shortsBglovesCshoesDsocks【解析】Cin sb.s shoes处于某人的境地。19A.waitressBchildCcustomerDhostess【解析】A“我”截住了服务员(waitress)，告诉她把这对夫妻的早餐钱加到“我”的账单里。20A.endBstartCstoryDdream【解析】B这是上午发生的事，故指的是“我”一天美好的开始。
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