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Unit 4 Global warming一、单项选择题1.【原创】You are sure to learn English well you put your heart into it.A. as far asB. as long asC. as quickly asD. as well as2. There is no doubt Mr. Wang is the best English teacher in our school.A. whatB. thatC. ifD. whether3. Its often less expensive to buy goods in _ quantity，but youd better examine _ quality before buying them.A/；the Bthe；/Ca；the Dthe；the4. The prices of this kind of wine _ from ten yuan to 100 yuan per bottle.Aranged BdifferedCchanged Dseparated5. Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it_that she was two hours late on such a short trip.A. came over B. came outC. came about D. came up6. The President _ giving military aid to this country.Ais opposed BobjectsCopposes Dagainst7. For years，scientists have been worried about the_of air pollution on the earths natural conditions.AeffectBresultCaccountDcause8. Was it because of the heavy snowstorm in Europe _ the flight had to be put off?Awhich BsoCwhy Dthat9. I find _ hard to concentrate on my studies with some people having small talks around me. A. them B. him C. that D. it10. _ makes me sick that she thinks so highly of herself.A. It B. ThatC. WhatD. This二、完形填空【原创】The continued warming of the earths climate is melting mountain glaciers and polar ice. This is 1 sea levels around the world to rise. Many scientists 2 sea levels could rise by more than one meter by the end of the twenty-first century. That could mean 3 for some island nations and coastal communities like New York City. As we hear from Faith Lapidus, New York officials are 4 ways to 5 with the rising waters.When super-storm Sandy 6 last October, New York got a taste of what its 7 could be. The water was 8 to half of the 9, and then we had to get buckets and try to take out all the water. Until we opened the door, and we saw the refrigerator 10 on the water.In New York City, the waters rose more than four meters above the average high tide mark.Studies have found that sea levels around the 11 could rise up to 70 centimeters by the year 2100. Klaus Jacob is a scientist at the Lamont-Doherty Observatory at Columbia University. He 12 what New York would look like under those 13 .It would look like that Wall Street doesnt have yellow taxis. 14 it may have yellow taxi 15 .Scientists say sea levels have risen 20 to 30 centimeters over the past 100 years. Many believe the levels could rise 16 one-point-five meters by the end of this century. They say 17 cities and island nations face the greatest 18 . These areas will either have to develop ways to keep the ocean out 19 move to 20 ground.1. A. leadingB. causingC. resultingD. contributing2. A. estimateB. agreeC. believeD. argue3. A. disasterB. fortunateC. deathD. trouble4. A. studyingB. figuringC. findingD. measuring5. A. workB. dealC. fightD. go6. A. influencedB. struckC. happenedD. affected7. A. pastB. presentC. futureD. tomorrow8. A. downB. inC. atD. up9. A. windowB. roomC. doorD. floor10. A. standingB. runningC. throwingD. floating11. A. cityB. townC. stateD. country12. A. writesB. describes C reads D says13. A. environmentsB. problemsC. conditionsD. matters14. A. AndB. SoC. OrD. BUT15. A. boats B. driversC. signsD. signals16. A. otherB. anotherC. perD. the other17. A. inlandB. centralC. remoteD. coastal18. A. riskB. opportunityC. anxietyD. change19. A. andB. norC. orD. so20. A. deeperB. higherC. lowerD. drier1. 些的（higher）地方才能应对水面的上升。三、阅读理解AMore than 1,000 decision makers and scientists, including dozens of heads of state and ministers from more than 150 countries are expected to attend the Third World Climate Conference. The week-long meeting, organized by the World Meteorological Organization, aims to help nations cope with climate change by improving the way climate information is collected and shared among governments. Scientists predict the world will get hotter over the coming decades. A major conference in Copenhagen at the end of the year will focus on ways to mitigate the worst affects of global warming. It will present measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions（排放）to slow this process. But, the World Meteorological Organization says mitigation alone is not enough. Largely overlooked in this process is the need for adaptation. WMO Secretary-General Michel Jarraud says countries must have the tools to adapt to a changing climate. They must be able to respond to a world that is likely to experience more extreme weather events, such as floods and hurricanes. For the health sector, it will be to be ready to cope with a disease, which will spread in areas where they do not spread or which may become more serious, he said. He says global warming is likely to increase the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events. Therefore, better and more timely information on these phenomena are essential to make decisions on climate variability and change. To do this, he says, weather observation networks must be strengthened. The WMO chief says climate change is a global problem. And, everyone needs everyone else to solve this problem. He says even the biggest, richest countries cannot do it alone. He says the developed world needs reliable weather information from developing countries and vice-versa.1. According to the text, the purpose of the meeting is _.A. to change the global climate.B. to discuss the environment pollution.C. to offer to help solve climate change D. to announce the latest climate information.2. The underlined word “mitigate” in the paragraph 2 most probably means _.A. ease B. strengthen C. balance D. change3. Whats the basic and best way to deal with the extreme weather events?A. Learning more weather knowledge.B. Increasing the support of the government.C. Learning more about observation networks.D. Strengthening the sharing of weather information 4. What can we know from the last paragraph?A. All the countries should work together.B. Cooperation is important between rich countries.C. Developing countries depend on developed countries much.D. Rich countries play a more important role than poor countries.5. Which of the following is right according to passage?A. Adaptation is necessary for all the countries all over the world.B. Adaptation is necessary for developed countries than developing countries. C. Developed countries produce more greenhouse gas than developing countries.D. Developing countries produce more greenhouse gas than developed countries.If you are having trouble falling asleep, you are in good company. About 65% of Americans said they have sleeping problems a few nights each week, according to a recent study by the National Sleep Foundation. Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed(沮丧的). But before you go to a doctor for advice, it is worth examining your sleeping habits one more time. Some of your favorite evening habits may have something to do with the sleeping problems.Setting a Bright Alarm ClockThe light of your bright alarm clock can prevent you from falling asleep. You can make your room as dark as possible. Cover the bright numbers with a book or consider buying a small travel clock. Your cellphone alarm may also do the trick. Counting SheepWhen you just cant fall asleep, its useless to stay in bed to count sheep. If youve been trying to fall asleep for more than 30 minutes, the National Sleep Foundation suggests you get up to do some reading or watch TV for a while. Such activities will make you sleepy. Before you know it, youll be going back to bed really tired.Exercising Late at Night?Daytime workouts(锻炼) will keep you full of energy for hours. Thats why you dont want to exercise within three hours of hitting the sack. Fierce(剧烈的) physical activity raise your body temperature and pumps your energy levelboth are bad for a good nights sleep.6. What can we learn from the first sentence of the passage?A. Its not good to fail to fall asleep at night.B. People in a good company often have sleeping problems.C. There are many people who have sleeping problems.D. You should find someone to talk to if you cant fall asleep.7. The underlined part “hitting the sack” in the last paragraph means “_”.A. going back home B. going to bed C. going to the gym D. falling asleep8. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The bad results of getting too little sleep.B. Why the bright alarm clock keeps you awake.C. What to do if you cant fall asleep after 30 minutes.D. Why watching TV and reading books make people sleepy.9. By writing the passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us _.A. why so many people cant sleep well at night.B. how to enjoy a good nights sleep.C. that sleeping problems are troubling more and more people.D. that people may solve their sleeping problems by some habits.CLets face it. No one drinks diet soda for the taste. People drink diet soda in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it. Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect, according to a new study. Researchers from the University of Texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist size increases that were six times greater than those who didnt drink diet soda. “What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank, the more weight they were likely to gain,” said Sharon Fowler. The study was based on data from 474 participants in a large, continuing research project, where the participants were followed for nearly l0 years. While the findings are surprising, they also offer some explanations. Nutrition expert, Melanie Rogers, who works with overweight patients in New York, has found that when patients are switched from regular to diet soda, they dont lose weight at all. “We werent seeing weight loss necessarily, and that was confusing to us,” said Rogers. So why would diet soda cause weight gain? No one knows for sure yet, but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so over-compensate (过度补偿) for the missing calories. A related study found some sweeteners (甜味剂) raised blood sugar levels in some mice. “Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion (推广) of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky,” said Helen P. Hazuda, professor at the University of Texass school of medicine. “They may be free of calories, but not of consequences.”10. People drink diet soda to _. A. enjoy its taste B. stay in fashionC. gain more energy D. achieve weight loss11. The new study suggests that drinking diet soda _. A. makes people much thinner B. helps people to be healthierC. causes people to become heavierD. offers people more calories12. We can learn from the passage that _. A. regular soda makes people lose more weightB. diet soda does help reduce calories C. diet soda drinkers tend to eat more foodD. most blood diseases come from diet soda13. The underlined word “They” in the last paragraph probably refers to _. A. sweetenersB. diet sodas and artificial sweetenersC. sodasD. diet soda drinkers and sweetener takers四、书面表达：假如你是校学生会主席，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。请根据以下内容，写一份倡议书：1 保护环境是我们的职责。2 我们要养成环保的习惯：(1)尽量步行上学或骑自行车上学(2)离开房间前关灯和其他电器(3)不随地扔垃圾(4）节约用水3 发出环保的号召。注意：1 词数：120左右 2 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯参考词汇：电器electrical applicance （可数名词）Dear friends， As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. Thank you! The students Union参考答案一、1.【答案】B【解析】as long as “只要”。只要你全身心的投入，你一定能学好英语。【教材原句】It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it if not, turn it off!2.【答案】 B【解析】There is no doubt that.“毫无疑问。”【教材原句】There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.3.【答案】A【解析】句意：大宗购物经常不是很贵，但在购买之前你最好检查一下(你要买的商品的)质量。in quantity大量地，很多；第二空后的quality表示特指，故用定冠词。【教材原句】The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.4.【答案】A【解析】句意：这种酒的价格每瓶从十元到一百元不等。range“(在一定范围内)变动，变化”，常见搭配range from.to.或range between.and.。【教材原句】.it will encourage a greater range of animals .5.【答案】C【解析】come about发生，产生。句意：已经10点了。不知为何这么短的路程她却迟到了两个小时。【教材原句】So how has this come about and does it matter?6.【答案】C【解析】句意：总统反时对该国实行军事援助。oppose (doing) sth.be opposed to (doing) sth.反对。如选B项应在object后加to，如选D项应在against前加is。【教材原句】On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.7.【答案】A【解析】句意为：许多年来，科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球的自然环境带来的影响。effect影响；result结果；account叙述，账目；cause原因，事业。根据句意及on可知此处为effect。【教材原句】The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15.8.【答案】D【解析】考查强调句。这是强调句的一般疑问句，正常的语序是：“It was because of the heavy snowstorm in Europe that the flight had to be put off.”，被强调部分是表示原因的状语。9.【答案】D【解析】it作形式宾语。真正宾语是to concentrate on my studies with some people having small talks around me.10.【答案】A【解析】此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语主句that she thinks so highly of herself.二、完形填空2. B 冰山和极地冰川融化导致（cause）全世界海平面上升。3. C 许多科学家认为（believe）。4. D 那会给像纽约一样的岛国及临海地区带来麻烦（trouble）。5. A 纽约的官员们在研究（study）对付（deal with）水面上升的办法。B 同上。6. B 当去年十月份超级飓风袭击（strick）纽约时。7. C 纽约尝到了未来（future）可能要品尝的味道。8. D The water was up to half of the door 水位上升到门的中间。Up to 高达，多达。9. C 下文有提示。Until we opened the door,10. D 人们看到冰箱漂浮（float）在水里。11. A 这里着的是纽约市。12. B 下文是这个人对在这种情形（conditions）下的描述（describe）。13. C 同上。14. D 上下文是转折关系。15. A 因为出租车在水里，所以是小船了。16. B 还会再上升1.5米。Another 再一个；又一个17. D 海平面上升，所以沿海的（coastal）城市会面临着危险。18. A risk 冒险；危险19. C either .or 或者。或者20. B 只有搬到高一三、本文为一记叙文，主要讲述了世界气象组织号召各国减少排放温室气体，同时也要适应气候变化等以共同应对全球变暖。1. C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句，可知C项正确。2. A。词义猜测题。根据本词所在句子的句意及下一句的句意，可知本词意为“减轻，缓和”，A项正确。3. D。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句，可知，应对极端天气的方法就是加强信息共享，D项正确。4. A。推理判断题。通过阅读本段，可知全球变暖是一个世界性问题，需要所有国家相互合作。5. A。细节理解题。根据第二段，可知除了要努力减少排放温室气体外，适应现在的气候状况对每个国家来说也是必须的。B6【答案】C【试题解析】文章的一开始就点明了主题，后面的内容进一步陈述说美国65%的人有睡眠问题。 故选的是C项。7.【答案】B【试题解析】本段描述的就是夜晚锻炼与睡眠的关系，此处指的是锻炼容易使人兴奋，不愿上床睡觉。 所以此处应该指的是go to bed，故选的是B项。8.【答案】D【试题解析】文章的第一段中的Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed.讲的是睡眠缺乏的不良影响；第二段中的第一句The light of your bright alarm clock can prevent you from falling asleep. 讲的是闹钟光线影响人的睡眠；第三段中If youve been trying to fall asleep for more than 30 minutes, the National Sleep Foundation suggests you get up to do some reading or watch TV for a while.则讲的是上床后半个小时还睡不着的解决建议；并没有论述看电视和看书为什么使人犯困； 故选的是D项。9.【答案】D【试题解析】本文的中心主题就是论述导致人们睡眠不好的几个生活习惯问题。故选的是D项。10.【试题解析】由第一段的No one drinks diet soda for the taste.可知A项错误；B和C项文章中未提及。第一段第二句话 People drink diet soda in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.可知D项正确。11.【答案】C【试题解析】由第五段when patients are switched from regular to diet soda, they dont lose weight at all.可知A项错误。由第二段的“What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank, the more weight they were lik ely to gain,” 可知C项正确12.【答案】C【试题解析】由倒数第二段的“No one knows for sure yet, but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so over-compensate (过度补偿) for the missing calories.”可知C项正确。13.【答案】B【试题解析】由最后一段的Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion (推广) of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky,” said Helen P. Hazuda, professor at the University of Texass school of medicine. 可判断They指这句中的diet sodas and artificial sweeteners。所以B项正确。四、Dear friends， As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. Our life and health have been affected greatly.The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it, not only for ourselves but also for our future generations. Fortunately, more and more people have become aware of this problem.Many effective meaures have been taken to deal with it by the government.I think we should follow the following advice.First, go to school on foot or by bike as often as possible.Second, turn off the light and other electrical applicances before leaving the room. Third, never throw rubbish here and there. Fourth, save water.Its time that we shoud do something to protect our environment. Only by taking good care of our earth today will it be more beautiful tomorrow.Thank you! The students Union
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