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专题探究语法突破14:情景交际,一、告别(Farewells)常用表达法:1ImafraidImustbeleaving/goingnow.Ithinkitstimeforustoleavenow.ItstimeImet/did./Ihadtogonow.ItsabouttimeIwasgoing,Imafraid.2Goodbye!(Byebye!Bye!)Seeyoulater/tomorrow.(Seeyou.)Goodnight.,3Keepintouch.Mention/Remembermetoyourfamily.Sayhellotoyourparents.Imgladtohavemetyouandyourfriends.Hopetomeetyouagain.Itsverygoodofyoutocometoseemeoff.Haveapleasantjourney.Takecare.Bye!Goodbyeandgoodluck.Dropinagainwheneveryouhavetime.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.,注意:(1)当彼此双方作短暂告别时,可以使用如Goodbye;Byebye;Seeyou;Seeyoulater等表达法。(2)如若去送别某人且双方分别时间较长,甚至再也见不到双方了,则一般在说Goodbye前用比较正式且严肃的告别用语,如Takecare;Givemybestwishestoyourfamily。,(3)人们经常使用挥手来表示告别。(4)告别时,易犯汉语习惯式的表达错误:Ivewastedalotofyourtime.和Imsorrytohavetakenupsomuchofyourtime.后者主要是用在你请别人花费很多时间帮忙时。,(5)如果你不想扫了其他客人的兴致,而你又必须提前离开,按照中国人的习惯,则常用:“Illgofirst;Imleavingnow”来表示“先走一步,你们继续谈吧”,但是按照英美人的习惯,却应说:ImafraidIhavetogonow.Butdontletmebreakuptheparty.(恐怕我现在得走了,但不要因为我中断了聚会。)另外,送客时国外一般只送到大门口,作为客人无需说:Staywhereyouare;Dontcomeanyfurther.等,这并不是西方人不够热情,而是中外文化传统不同罢了。,二、感谢和应答(Thanksandresponses)常用表达法:1Thankyou(verymuch)/Thanksalot./Manythanks./Thanksfor./IreallydontknowhowIcanthankyouenough.2Itsverykindofyouto./Notatall./Its./Thatsallright(OK)/Yourewelcome./Imverygladyouenjoyedit./Itsapleasure./Mypleasure./Pleasedontmentionit./Itwasnothing./Forgetit.,注意:(1)感谢的表达法在国外几乎用于一切场合,家人之间、陌生人之间、师生之间等等,哪怕是一件小事情,甚至是理所当然的事,也得说声谢谢。但不能“谢”得过头,否则会被认为是一种不真诚,更不要照搬中国的“道歉式致谢”方式,如:Imsorrytohavewastedyourtime.(2)在大多数场合,仅说:Thanks;Thankyou;Thanksalot是不够的,还需说些其它表示感激和非常高兴之类的话。如感谢别人的宴请,可以这么说:Thedinnerwasdelicious.Thankyouforyourinvitation.,三、道歉、遗憾和应答(Apologies,regrets,sympathies2000年:Yes,sir?,九、易混的习惯应答语1Icouldntagreemore./Idontagree.前者意为“我非常赞同”,后者意为“我不同意”,意思正好相反。如:Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?周末去野餐,好吗?Icouldntagreemore.Ilovegettingclosetonature.我完全赞同。我喜欢亲近大自然。(对意见的赞同),2Dontmentionit./Forgetit.Idliketotakeaweeksholiday.我想休一周的假。Forgetit;wereasbusyasabee.别想了,我们都忙得不可开交了。(不可能)ImterriblysorryIbrokeyourglass.十分对不起,把你的水杯打碎了。Youcanforgetit.没关系,别放在心上。(没关系、别在意),Whatwereyousayingjustnow?Ididnhear.你刚才说了些什么?我没听见。Oh,nothing,forgetit.没什么,不值得一提。(别提它了,表不愿重复所说的话)Thanksfortheridehome!谢谢坐你的车回家。Dontmentionit.区区小事,何足挂齿。(致谢应答语,译作“不用谢”),3Nodoubt./Nowonder.“Nodoubt.”表示对别人的意见完全赞同,是“Thereisnodoubtthat.”的省略,意为“毫无疑问,确实如此”。“Nowonder.”是对肯定推测的回答,是“Itsnowonderthat.”的省略,上下句常为因果关系,意为“难怪,不足为奇”。如:Heisalwaysworkingtillfarintothenight.他总是学习到深夜。Nowonder,heisadmittedintoPekingUniversity.难怪,他考上北大了。,4Sure,goahead./No,goahead.都可以用作征求对方应允的答语。前者用于回答“Iwonderif.”或“May/CanI.”,意为“当然可以,请吧”。后者用于回答“Do/WouldyoumindifIdo/did.”,意为“不介意,请吧”。如:CouldIaskyouaratherpersonalquestion?我能问你一个个人问题吗?Sure,goahead.当然可以。问吧。,Wouldyoumindmeopeningthedoor?Itstoohot.我把门打开你不介意吧?太热了。No,goahead.不介意,开吧。,5Noway./Noproblem.“Noway.”表示强烈否定对方的主张和申请,类似于“Ofcoursenot.”,意为“没门儿,办不到”。“Noproblem.”用于回答对方的道歉,译作“没什么”;也用于接受别人的请求,意为“没问题”。如:IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.我认为你应该给珍妮打电话向她赔个不是。Noway.Itwasherfault.想都别想,是她的错。,Idonthaveanychangewithme.Willyoupaythefareforme?我身上没零钱。你为我付费好吗?Noproblem.没问题。,6Withpleasure./Mypleasure.“Withpleasure.”是接受请求和邀请的用语,相当于“OK.”,意为“乐意效劳,非常愿意”。“Mypleasure.”是致谢的应答语,类似表达还有Itsapleasure./Notatall./Thatsallright./Yourewelcome./ThatsOK./Dontmentionit.等。如:Wouldyoudomeafavorandgivemearide?借个光,能让我搭个便车吗?Withpleasure.乐意效劳。,Itsbeenawonderfulevening.Thatsverykindofyou.这是多么美妙的一个晚上啊。太谢谢你了。Mypleasure.不用谢。,7Congratulations./Gladtohearthat./Goodluck.“Congratulations.”用于对个人表示祝贺,如实现目标或取得胜利,但不用于节日祝贺。“Gladtohearthat.”是听到别人喜讯时的应答语。当别人要旅行或要从事某项活动时,向对方表示祝愿用“Goodluck.”。如:,Ihadareallygoodweekendatmyuncles.在我叔叔家,我周末确实玩得很开心。Oh,Imgladtohearthat.听到这个消息我非常高兴。Imtakingmydrivingtesttomorrow.明天我要去考驾照。Goodluck!祝你好运!,Aftertenyearsofhardwork,Ihaveeventuallypassedtheentranceexam.历经十年的辛苦努力,我终于通过了入学考试。Congratulations!祝贺你!,8Thatsright./Thatsallright./Allright./Itsright.“Thatsright.”可省略为“Right.”,用于肯定对方对某事物的看法,意为“对,没错”。“Thatsallright.”可以作致谢应答语,意为“不用谢”;作请求允许的应答语,意为“不介意”;还可作遗憾和抱歉的应答语,表示“没关系”。“Allright.”表示同意对方的意见。“Itsallright.”拒绝别人帮助时的用语。如:James,IamsorryIusedyourcomputerwhenyouwereawaythismorning.,詹姆斯,对不起,今天上午你不在时我用了你的电脑。Thatsallright.没关系。,请同学们认真完成课后强化作业,
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