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24主谓“三”一致,主谓一致,练习,历年高考题,例题,(4)用and连接的并列主语被each,every或no修饰时，谓语动词用单数。,语法一致,Noteacherandnostudentisintheclassroom.,Everypenandeverybook_(lay)onthedeskalready.,hasbeenlaid,语法一致,(5)eachof+复数代词，谓语动用单数。复数代词+each，谓语动词用复数。如,语法一致,语法一致,语法一致,语法一致,语法一致,内容一致,内容一致,内容一致,内容一致,内容一致,quitea,就近一致,就近一致,ExampleE-mail,aswellastelephones,_animportantpartindailycommunication.(99上海2)A.isplayingB.haveplayedC.areplayingD.play,答案及分析,答案是A。当有aswellas引导时，谓语与第一个主语一致，既与E-mail单数一致，故选A.,Multiplechoice:1.Onthewall_twolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging(C85)2.“Newsofvictories_pouringinasourarmyadvances,”thecompanycommandersaid.A.keepB.keepsC.keptD.havekept(C85)3.There_alotofmilkinthebottle.A.areB.isC.wereD.has(C86)4.Zhangsfamily_ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.A.isB.areC.beingD.was(C85)5.NobodybutJaneandMary_thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown(C86),Multiplechoice:6.Allbutone_herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were(C87NO.45)7.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered(C90NO.20),8.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be(C89NO.27)9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were(C96NO.14)10.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided,两个或两个以上做主语的单数名词用and连接，谓语用复数TomandDick_(be)goodfriends.但若表示一个集合体时则用单数。Asingeranddancer_(be)presentattheparty.Theworkerandwriter_(be)talkingtothestudents.Breadandbutter_(taste)good.(aneedleandthread,ahorseandcart,awatchandchain,acoatandtie,truthandhonesty,medicalhelpandcure),are,was,is,tastes,2用and连接的两个名词若被no,each,every,manya修饰，则谓语动词用单数。Nobirdandnobeast_(be)seeninthebareisland.Manyaboyandmanyagirl_(have)madesuchafunnyexperiment.AtChristmaseachboyandeachgirl_(be)givenapresent.,is,has,is,3两个主语由notonlybutalso,or,eitheror,neithernor等连接时，谓语动词与第二个主语保持一致EitherheorI_(be)togothere._(be)eitheryouorhegoingtoattendthemeeting?,am,Are,4.主语后有aswellas,like,with,togetherwith,but,except,besides,等，谓语应于前面主语保持一致Aprofessor,togetherwithsomestudents,_(be)senttohelpinthework.Noonebuttheteachers_(be)allowedtousetheroom.,was,is,5一些集合名词做主语，如果看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的成员，谓语用复数如audience,committee，class(班级),crew（全体船员或机组人员),family,government,public(公众)等，但people,police,cattle等只能用复数Myfamily_(be)abigfamily.Myfamily_(be)listeningtotheradio.Thepolice_(be)tryingtocatchthethief.,is,are,are,6.通常作复数的集体名词有些集体名词，如police,people,cattle,militia,poultry(家禽),)等，通常作复数，用复数动词。例如：Domesticcattle_(provide)uswithmilk,beefandhides.,provide,7.通常作不可数名词的集体名词有一些集体名词，如machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise(商品)，clothing通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：Themerchandise_(have)arrivedundamaged.Allthemachineryinthefactory_(be)madeinChina.,has,is,8表示时间、重量、长度等名词，尽管是复数形式，但作为一个整体看，谓语还是用单数。Fiveminutes_(be)enough.Onedollarandseventyeightcents_(be)whatshehas.,is,is,9.all作为主语，代表人物时，一般用作复数；代表整个事件或情况时，一般看作单数。AllthatIwant_(be)agooddictionary.All_(be)silent.人人都缄口无言。万籁俱寂。All_(be)outofdanger.,is,were,were,10形容词加定冠词the表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。Whatalifethepoorwereliving!Theyoungarehappytogivetheirseatstotheold.,11who,which,that作定语从句的主语时，其谓语取决于先行词。Thosewhowanttogoshouldsignyournameshere.Heisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.,12.以-ics结尾的学科名称某些以-ics结尾的学科名称，如physics(物理学)、mathematics(数学)、mechanics(机械学)、politics(政治学)、statistics(统计学)、economics(经济学)、linguistics(语言学）athlet-ics(体育学)、等，通常作单数用。例如：,13.其他以-s结尾的名词英语中有一些由两个部分组成的物体名称通常是以-s结尾，如scissors(剪子)，pincers(钳子)，glasses(眼镜），shorts(短裤)，trousers(裤子)，suspenders(吊裤带)等。这一类名词，如果不带一把、一副、一条等单位词而单独使用，通常作复数。例如：如果带有单位词，则由单位词的单、复数形式决定动词的单、复数形式。例如：Onepairofscissorsisntenough.,14.以-s结尾的地理名称某些以-s结尾的地理名称，如果是国名，如theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations,theNetherlands等，尽管带有复数词尾，但系单一政治实体，故作单数用。但若不是国名，而是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称、通常作复数用。例如：TheWestIndies,apartfromtheBahamas,arecommonlydividedintotwoparts.TheHimalayas（喜马拉雅山脉)haveamagnificentvarietyofplantandanimallife.TheStraitsofGibraltarhavenotlosttheirstrategicimportance.,15.英语中还有一些以-s结尾的名词，如:arms(武器),clothes(衣服),contents(内容，目录)fireworks(烟火),goods(货物),minutes(记录),morals(道德，品行),remains(遗体),stairs(楼梯),suburbs(郊区),thanks(谢意),wages(工资)等，通常作复数。,16.凡是由-ings结尾的名词，如:clippings(剪下来的东西),diggings(掘出的东西),earnings(收入),filings(锉屑),lodgings(租住的房屋),surroundings(环境),sweepings(扫拢的垃圾)等,通常作复数用。例如：Theclippingsofthehedgesareusuallyburnt.Thesweepingsofthegodown(仓库)havebeendisposedof.,17.还有一些以-s接的单、复数同形的名词，如:headquarters(总部),means(方法、手段),series(系列),species(种类),works(工厂)等，随后动词的单、复数形式取决于这些名称是作单数，还是用作复数。例如：Aheadquarterswassetuptodirecttheoperation(指挥作战).TheirheadquartersareinParis.Theonlymeanstoachievesuccessistoappealtoarms(诉诸武力).,18.remains用于遗体意义时，随后的动词通常作复数：Hisremainslieinthechurchyard.Themartyrsremainswereburiedatthefootofthehill.但作遗迹或剩余物解释时，可作复数或单数用：Hereistheremainsofatemple.Theremainsofthemealwere/wasfedtothedog.,19.如果作主语的名词词组由“分数(或百分数)+of-词组”构成，其动词形式依of-词组中名词类别而定。例如：Twothirdsoftheswampland(沼泽地)_(have)beenreclaimed(开垦).Oversixtypercentofthecity_(be)destroyedinthewar.Thirty-fivepercentofthedoctors_(be)women.,has,was,were,20.如果主语是allof.,someof.,noneof.,halfof.,mostof.等表示非确定数量的名词词组，其后的动词形式依of-词组中的名词类别而定。例如：Mostofthemoney_recoveredbyDeputyPlayer.Mostofthemembers_there.Allofthecargo_lost.Allofthecrew_saved.,was,were,was,were,21.两数相减或相除，动词用单数；两数相加或相乘，动词可用单数，也可用复数。例如：Fortyminusfifteen(40-15)leavestwenty-five.Fortydividedbyeight(40/8)isfive.Sevenandfive(7+5)makes/maketwelve.Fivetimeseight(5+8)is/areforty.,22.如果主语是由“akind/sort/typeof,thiskind/sort/typeof+名词”构成，动词用单数。例如：Thiskindofmanannoysme.,但若在kind/sort/type之前的限定词是these/those,同时，of-词组中的名词又是复数，则动词用复数：Thesekindsofmenannoyme.Thosetypes/sortsofmachinesareuptodate.,23.如果主语是由“manya+名词”或“morethanone+名词”构成，其意义虽属多数，但随后的动词仍遵循“语法一致”原则，用单数。例如：Manyamanhasdonehisduty.Morethanonegamewaslost.,24.1)由who,why,how,whether等wh-词引导的名词性分句作主语，其后的动词通常用单数。,2).两个由and连接的并列名词性分句作主语，如果主语表示两件事情，动词用复数。例如：Whatcausedtheaccidentandwhowasresponsibleforitremainamysterytous.,3).以what-分句作主语的SVC结构在以what-分句作主语的SVC结构中，主句补语是复数名词，如果主句谓语动词可用复数。,25.1).在“oneof+复数名词+关系分句”结构中，关系分句动词通常依照语法一致原则用复数形式。例如：Joanisoneofthosepeoplewhogooutofthierwaytobehelpful.,2).在这类结构之前有定冠词the或者有theonly等限定词和强调词时，关系分句动词形式依one而定，用单数。例如：Selfishnessistheoneofhermanyfaultswhichdefeatsitself.,goodbye,
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