资源描述
Unit 2,English around the world,English Around the World,the USA,Canada,New Zealand,Australia,South Africa,the United Kingdom,Ireland,Lead-in,375 million,750 million,375 million,USA, Canada, Australia, south Africa, Ireland, New Zealand,China and many other countries,India, Pakistan,Nigeria,Philippines.,Fast reading,Main idea of each paragraph:,Part 1 More than 750 million people speak English as their native language or a second language. Part 2 More than 750 million people learn English as a foreign language. Part 3 English is the working language of most international organizations trade and tourism.,Careful reading,Post- Reading,1.Why is it becoming more and more important to have a good knowledge of English? 2.In which countries do we find most native speakers of English? Give the names of three countries. 3.Living in China you can use English every day in different situations. Give two examples.,Because English is spoken and used all around the world.With so many people communicating in English, it is becoming more and more important to have a knowledge of English.,The United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, Ireland and New Zealand.,We can use English when we are having an international meeting, having a business talk with our business partner.,Complete the Following summary. English is a _ _all around the world. For more than 375million people in countries such as _ and _, English is their _ _. Another 375 million people _ _ as a second language. However, most people learn English at school as a _ _. The English language _also _ by most international organizations as their working language, as well as in inter-national _ and _. Most foreigners visiting China are either_ or _. If they cannot _ Chinese, they use _ to communicate with Chinese people. In global culture, for example the Internet or popular music, English is widely used. In the future we will be speaking Chinese with our_, but we will be _ English with people around the world for our work.,language spoken,Australia,Canada,mother tongue,Learn English,foreign language,is,used,trade,tourism,businessmen,tourists,speak,English,using,people,WORD STUDY 1 closet A a number f people or things that form more than half of a group 2 explain B information and understanding about a subject 3 majority C the same 4 mother tongue D a cupboard where you can put clothes 5 equal E to make something clear to understand by describing or giving information about it 6 communicate F native language 7 knowledge G the activity of buying ,selling or exchanging goods or services 8 trade H to give information using speech, radio signals or body movement,AMERICAN ENGLISH,AND,BRITISH ENGLISH,Pre-reading,Do you know American English? Do you know British English? Do you know VOA? Do you know BBC? Do you know the difference between A.E and B.E?,(Voice of America美国之音),(British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播电台),Reading,Read the passage carefully and then answer the following questions: Did most of people know these differences between A.E and B.E come about? When Noah Webster published the first American dictionary? When America stopped being a part of English in ?,The difference between A.E and B.E,1. There are a few differences in grammar. For example, speakers of British English say “in hospital” and “Have you a pen?” Americans say “in the hospital” and “Do you have a pen?” 2. Pronunciation is sometimes different. Americans usually sound the rs in words like “bird” and “hurt”. Some speakers of British English do not sound the rs in these words.,3.There are differences between British and American English in spelling and vocabulary. For example, “colour” and “honour” are British, while “color” and “honor” are American. 4. These differences in grammar, pronunciation, spelling, and vocabulary are not important, however. For the most part, British and American English are the same language.,Common examples of the variances between spellings.,American center check (money) color curb gray honor inquire,British centre cheque colour kerb grey honour enquire,Writing,根据下列提纲写一段话，比较美国英语和英国英语之间的不同（大约80个单词）。 1拼写方面不同。例如英国人把“颜色”一词拼为“colour”，美国人拼为“color”。 2发音方面不同。例如英国人把“dance”读作/da:ns/，美国人读作/dns/。 3词汇方面不同。例如“秋天”一词，英国人说“autumn”，美国人说“fall”。 4语法方面虽有不同，但区别不大。,American English and British English,The differences between American English and British English How come the differences:,1.At first the language in Britain and America was the same.,2.In 1776 America became an independent country.The language began to change.The language in America stayed the same,while the language in England changed.,3.At the same time, British English and the American English started borrowing words from other languages, ending up with different words.,4.In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. And he changed the spelling of some words.,English borrowed from other languages,What will you do if people dont understand you? 1.Saying something one or two more times, slowly, often helps. 2.Maybe you are not pronouncing the word right. Try changing sounds. 3.Try to say the same thing but use different words. 4.If you dont know the exact word for an object, you can give a description of what it looks like. 5.Replace difficult words with simple ones., 1.listening and speaking 1Write a passage comparing American and British English. compare 用法vt.1. 和.比较,对照(+with/to) 2. 比喻为,把.比作(+to) 举例Compared with him, I am a bungler. 与他相比,我只能算是一个笨拙的人。,Compare this with that, and you will see which is better. 将这个与那个比较一下,你就会知道哪个比 较好了。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把人世比作舞台.,2What is it that Joe can t find in the bathroom? 解析本句为特殊疑问词开头的强调句型.强调句型的基本构成如下: It + is(was) + 被强调部分 + that(who) + 句子剩余部分. 举例It was in the street that I found the purse. It is I who should be responsible for the incident. Why was it that you used to skip classes?,3Oh,there you are. there you are 用法行了.好了.这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语. 还可以表示“瞧!“对吧(果然如此)!“等语气. 举例There you are!Then let s have some coffee. 好了,那我们来点咖啡吧. There you are!I knew we should find it at last. 对吧!我就知道我们一定能找到的.,4You must be very tired. 用法这是一种推测,表示“一准是“,“一定是“ 注意否定式为can t be 5We flew all the way direct from Seattle to London. all the way 用法从远道;一路上 举例He was so happy that he sang all the way home.,6You don t need to ask,just make yourself at home. need 用法n. 需要;要求(+of/for)/+to-v vt. 需要,有.必要 v.aux. (多用于疑问句和否定句)需要,必须 举例We have no need to be afraid of them. 我们不必怕他们。 The garden needs watering.花园该浇水了。(说明:该用法相当于need to be done),I don t think you need to worry about this. 我认为你不必为这事担心。 They need our help. 他们需要我们帮助。 Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗 ? You needn t trouble about that. 你不必为这费事了。,7Is there anything that isn t clear to you? 解释本句中包含定语从句的一种特别情况,即当先行词为不定代词时,关系代词最好使用that.,8Make up another dialogue for three students and act it out in class. Make up 用法1. 补足 2. 编造 3. 组成 举例We need $50 to make up the sum required. 我们需要五十元以补足所需要的数目。 The whole story is made up. 整个故事完全是虚构出来的。 The medical team was made up of twelve doctors. 医疗队由十二名医生组成。,act . out 用法1. 把.表演出来 2. 把.付诸行动 举例We roared when Mary acted out the episode. 当玛丽绘声绘色地描述那件事时,我们哄然大笑起来。 They are determined to act out their ideal. 她们决心把自己的理想变成行动。 9What do you mean by.? 解释本句意为“你说(做).什么意思?“这里的介词需要注意.,2.reading 1There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English. majority 用法n. 多数,过半数,大多数 举例The majority were on Ben s side. 大多数人都站在本的一边。 The majority of boys like football and basketball.,2An equal number of people learn English as a second language. a number of 用法 很多,后接复数名词,谓语动词亦为复数. 比较The number of students absent is five. 有五名学生缺席。,3The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million. the number of 用法后接复数名词,谓语动词为单数 试题The number of people invited_fifty,but a number of them_absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were,4In China students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong. except for 用法1.除了.以外 2. 要不是由于 举例The composition is quite good except for the spelling. 这篇文章除了拼写以外,其他都不错。 I would go to the party with you except for my broken leg. 要不是因为我腿断了,我想与你一起去参加聚会。,5English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world. develop 用法vt.1. 使成长;使发展 2. 开发 3. 逐渐产生;逐渐养成; 5.使显影,冲洗(底片) vi.1. 生长;成长;形成 2. 进步;进化 3. 发展 举例Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳能使肌肉发达。,The builders are developing that part of the city. 建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。 Try to develop good reading habits. 要养成良好的阅读习惯。 Plants develop from seeds. 植物由种子发育而成。 Her friendship with David developed slowly. 她与戴维的友谊发展缓慢。,6You can use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet. communicate 用法vt.1. 传达;传递;传播(+to) vi.1. 交流思想(或感情,信息等);交际,交往(+with) 2. 通讯,通话(+with) 举例Did she communicate my wishes to you? 她有没有把我的祝福转告你?,We learn a language in order to communicate. 我们学习语言是为了交流思想。 He had no way to communicate with his brother. 他没有办法与他兄弟联系。,7With so many people communicating in English every day,it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. With so many people communicating 用法此为with的复合结构,现在分词(宾补)和people之间有逻辑上的主谓关系. have a knowledge of 用法对.有所了解,8In which countries do we find most native speakers of English? native 用法a.1. 天生的 2. 出生地的,祖国的,家乡的 3. 本土的,本国的,土生的 4. (某地)特有的,原产的 n.1. 本地人,本国人 2. (某地)原有的动(植)物 举例They are native speakers of English. 他们的母语是英语。,He has been away from his native Poland for three years. 他离开故土波兰已有三年了。 The giant panda is native to China. 大熊猫是中国特有的动物。 Are you a native here, or just a visitor? 你是本地人?或者只是过客? The kangaroo is a native of Australia. 袋鼠是澳大利亚的土生动物。,9The young father told his children to stand still. stand still 用法站在那儿一动不动,stand意为处于某种状态,也有人认为这是一种双重谓语结构.,Mother told me to not to leave the door open after midnight. leave.open 用法leave意为听任,使处于某种状态 举例He left the windows open. 他让窗子开着。 He will never leave a job unfinished. 他干什么事从来没有不干完的.,11turn down the radio. turn down 用法关小(音量等);拒绝 举例You d better turn down the radio,for the baby is sleeping. His proposal was turned down. 他的提议被拒绝了。,12Don t stay up too late. stay up 用法熬夜,不去睡觉 举例She stayed up reading until midnight. 她看书看到半夜才睡。,3.integrating skills 1How did the difference come about? come about 用法发生 举例How did this come about? 这事是怎么发生的? 2There is no quick answer to the question. 注意问题的答案,介词常用to 联想the key to the door;the entrance to the building; notes to the text;a solution to the problem;,3In 1776 America became an independent country. independent 用法a.1. 独立的,自治的,自主的(+of) 2. 有独立心的;自立的(+of) 举例Many colonies in Africa became independent nations in the 1950 s. 非洲许多殖民地在二十世纪五十年代成了独立国家。 My elder sisters and brothers have moved away from home and are now independent. 我的哥哥姐姐已从家里搬了出去,现在都自立了。,4For a long time the language in America stayed the same. stay the same 用法stay意为“继续,保持“,连系动词 举例I hope the weather will stay fine. 我希望天气能持续放晴。,5British and American English started borrowing words from other language,ending up with fifferent words. end up with 用法以.为结局;结果会. 举例It is not right to laugh at the disabled.Maybe some day you will end up with disabilities. 嘲笑残疾人是不对的.也许有一天你也会成为有残疾的人.,6Except for these difference in spelling,written English is more or less the same. more or less 用法或多或少,有点儿;大约 举例His explanation was more or less helpful. 他的解释多少有些帮助。,7However,most of the time people from the tow countries don t have difficulty in understanding each other. have difficulty in understanding 用法做什么有困难,difficulty可用trouble替代,这里均用作不可数名词 举例I had no difficulty in getting in touch with him. 我和他取得联系没有什么困难。,8American English has changed over the centuries. over 用法在.期间 举例My grandchildren will stay over Christmas. 我的孙儿孙女们圣诞节期间将呆在这儿。,9They started to use English,but they also brought in some words from their own language. bring in 用法产生(利润、进息、收入);进口;引进 举例In America,pop singers may bring in millions of dollars each year. 在美国,流行歌手每年可以有数百万的收入. When we bring in new technology,we also bring in new ideas. 我们在引进新技术的同时,同样引入了新的观念.,10There are a great many American Indian words. a great many 用法also a good many ,意为很多,和复数名词连用 举例There are a good many people in the hall. 大厅里有很多人。,4workbook 1Hi,long time no see. 用法好久不见了.口语用法. 2It s been nice talking to you.Bye. 用法also It s nice talking to you or It s nice to talk to you 注意前者多见于分手时使用.后者见面也可以使用.,3She told him to shut up. shut up 用法】(使)住口 举例Will you children shut up?! I can t concentrate on my work. 孩子们可以请你们闭嘴吗?我没法子专心工作。 Can t you shut your friend up? 你不能叫你朋友闭嘴吗?,4He told me to move my chair a little bit closer to his bed. a little bit 用法有点;有几分 举例You d better speak a little bit slowly so that you can make yourself understood. 你最好说慢点,这样别人可以听懂你的意思.,5He has married a Chinese girl. marry 用法vt. 娶;嫁,和.结婚 vi. 结婚 举例He is going to marry Jane. 他将与简结婚。 He didnt t marry until he was fifty. 他直到五十岁才结婚。 注意和某人结婚多长时间了,即表示状态要用be married (to) 询问对方结婚了没有,常用Are you married?(当然,类似问题涉及隐私,慎用!),6I wish we could see each other more often,but that s too difficult. wish 用法wish后面的从句应使用虚拟语气,其构成取决于时间 举例I wish (that) I had never met her. 我要是没遇见过她就好了。(对过去而言) I wish (that) I were/was younger. 我真希望能年轻一些。(对现在而言),7Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher,she also became very interested in Canadian. not only.but also. 用法not only.but also.在连接句子时,not only后面的句子要使用倒装结构. 另外,but also有时仅用but或also或but.too或but.also或but.as well 注意连接主语时,动词的数采用邻近原则.,8I try to read as many books as I can find about Canadian. as many as 用法和.一样多(复数相关) 举例You may take as many as you want. 你要多少就可拿多少。,9Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith,who works for the newspaper 21st Century. In the name of 用法 以.的名义 举例Stop doing that, in the name of God! 看在上帝的分上,别干了!,Exercises,1_English is more or less the same in Both Britain and America. A. Speaking B. Writing C. Speak D. Written 2How did the differences come_? A. at B. to C. in D. about 3The English_ in America changed sometimes. A. speaks B. spoken C. is spoken D. is speaking,Answers: DDB,3Chinese is our_ language. The sentence means Chinese is our_ tongue. A. native; mother B. mother; native C. native; native D. mother; mother 4His composition is excellent, _some spelling mistakes. A. except B. except for C. besides D. but 5Sound travels in the same way as light_. A. does B. do C. travel D. travelled,Answer: ABA,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
展开阅读全文