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题型六阅读理解(二)第一节选择型该题型为2016年新增题型，文体为议论文，话题为“中国因什么而骄傲”。本题型在阅读题材及问答形式上做出了大胆的尝试与突破，体现了实用性与开放性原则。(2016，山西)Recently，a very simple question became widely spread online: What China should be proud of? _1_Lanlan，whose real name is Negar Kordi，is from Canada.She came to China five years ago and is a student at Ningbo University.Now she has 120，000 fans on the Internet and the number is still growing.Lanlan loves China and Chinese._2_ And thats why she is so well received among Chinese net friends.The following is China in her eyes.“It is the easiest country in which to find a job.If you are not too lazy，it is really very simple to find a job in China.I believe therere more job chances here than in any other country in the world.”“_3_ About 400 million Chinese are studying English.If they can speak good English in the future，China will have the greatest number of English speakers of any nonEnglish speaking country.”“The speed of Chinese trains is fast.From Ningbo to Beijing，the train runs 1，365 kilometers for seven hours and the ticket fare is only 595 yuan.”“Its public security is great._4_ I have travelled in many countries，and I think China really is very safe.”“There are much more things China should be proud of.Many Chinese people often criticize(批评) China.At first，I believed that they didnt like China or that they loved Western countries.But later，I realized that they just set a very high standard for China._5_ China must be much better than other countries.”AThe foreign language level is surprising.BThis country of 1.4 billion people makes me feel safe.CA foreign girl living in China gave a very touching answer.DThey believe that its not enough to be number one in the world.EShe believes China will be the strongest country in the world in future.1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _5. _【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章从来自加拿大的兰兰的角度阐述了“中国因什么而骄傲”这一话题，旨在培养学生的爱国情怀，激发同学们对祖国发展之快的骄傲之情。1C【解析】由下文提到的“Lanlan”可知为过渡句，承接上文，引出下文。故选C。2E【解析】由上句提到的“Lanlan loves China and Chinese”可知下文表达兰兰对中国的发展抱有很大的信心。故选E。3A【解析】挖空句位于句首，为本段的主旨句，本段谈论的是中国人学习英语的情况，A项与内容相关。4B【解析】由上句“Its public security is great.”可知本段谈论的是安全问题，B项与内容相关。5D【解析】本句谈论的是“部分中国人对中国的期望值过高，认为中国不足以成为世界第一”，故选D。第二节图表型此类题型不仅要求考生读懂文章，还要求考生能够用自己的语言简要地回答有关问题；既考查考生的阅读理解能力，也考查考生的英语表达能力和概括能力。另外，对考生的拼写能力、语法掌握能力也提出了一定的要求，再加上解答这样的题型几乎没有猜题的技巧可言，加大了做题的难度。要想取得较好的成绩，好的解题步骤和技巧是非常重要的。本题型答题应注意以下五点：一、在答题前，先快速浏览短文之后的问题。以便于在阅读的时候，有意识地留意文中出现的与问题有关的信息。二、认真细读全文及所给图表，了解短文及图表中的细节内容，包括人物、时间、地点、内容、原因、数量、结果及图片各个要素之间的关系等，即who, when, where, what, why, how many，how等基本要素信息，并作出不同的标记，以备答题时一目了然，提高答题速度和效率。三、仔细阅读问题，在理解题意的基础上，从文中或图片中提取所需要的信息进行逐一回答，此时一定要注意图片之间的内在联系，读懂图片以后，再认真组织语言，注意书写的清晰度与准确性，注意语言表达的逻辑性和严密性。四、对于具有归纳与总结性的问题，需要对所给图文中的信息材料进行甄别与筛选，综合相关信息进行必要的转换、归纳和概括。五、对于开放性试题，考生一定要读懂题意，搞清楚问什么，有几个问题，防止遗漏。此类试题一般都和文章的话题相关，对于考生来说并不陌生。重要的是要注意回答问题的人称和时态等。比如问过去的事情用一般过去时，表达自己或他人对某事的观点用一般现在时；人称上尤其要注意第三人称单数形式。(2016，山西)According to new research，recently，some terrible events that teachers were abused(辱骂) on some websites by students happened in the UK.It had a bad influence on schools and the society.The British Teaching Union did a survey of 7，500 teachers.We can get some information from the following data(数据) and know how the teachers who were abused dealt with the problem.You know teachers are often destroyed by the terrible abuse. Some have lost their confidence to teach and have left school.The survey showed many of the bad comments related to teachers looks，abilities and behaviors.Weve got another data from it.It shows the bad comments were made by not only students but their parents.Please look at the following chart.It is clear that we should take some methods to protect teachers from the abuse.We think that the way to solve the problem is the better understanding among teachers，students and parents.Besides good communication，respecting(尊敬) each other is very important.If so，they can get on well with each other.1What result did these terrible events lead to according to the passage?_2From Chart One，how did 50% of the teachers deal with the abuse?_3What percent of the bad comments were made by parents in total?_4What is the way to solve the abuse problem according to the passage?_5After reading the passage，what do you think of this kind of social phenomenon(现象)?_【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章从教师被辱骂切题，指出了这一问题的现状及对教师产生的不好影响，并就这一问题给出了可行的方法。1It had a bad influence on schools and the society./ You know teachers are often destroyed by the terrible abuse./ Some have lost their confidence to teach and have left school.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：这些恶劣的事件导致了什么结果？根据文章第一段第二句“It had a bad influence on schools and the society.”可知辱骂教师对学校和社会造成了不好的影响。根据文章第二段第一、二句“You know teachers are often destroyed by the terrible abuse.Some have lost their confidence to teach and have left school.”可知这种行为可以毁掉一个老师。也有部分老师会因此而失去信心，离开学校。故得出答案。2They reported (the) abuse to the school，the police or the website./ They reported it to the school/ the police/ the website.【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：从表一可知，50%的老师如何处理辱骂问题？由表一可知，第一个柱状图即题干中提到的50%的老师(375015002250)，可知这些老师会把辱骂事件上报学校，警方或者网站。故得出答案。336%./ Thirtysix percent.【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：家长制造了百分之多少的不好言辞？由表二可知有27%9%36%的家长辱骂老师。方法点拨：对于数字计算题，要求考生就文章内容或所给图表提供的数据，以及数据与所提问题的关系作简单的计算和推断。在做此类试题时要注意以下几点：1.抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义；2.弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息，哪些属于干扰信息；3.要抓住关键用语的意义，不要孤立看待数字信息。4The better understanding among teachers，students and parents./ Good communication./ Respecting each other./ Good communication and respecting each other.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：由这篇文章可知，解决辱骂问题的方法是什么？由文章最后一段“We think that the way to solve the problem is the better understanding among teachers，students and parents.Besides good communication，respecting (尊敬) each other is very important.”可得出答案。5It is important for students to respect teachers because it shows the development of the society./ I think we should try to avoid it.It can hurt both teachers and students.【解析】开放性试题。题干意为：读完这篇文章，你认为这种社会现象怎么样？此题为开放性试题，只要论述清楚自己的观点即可。方法点拨：开放性试题具有设问的开放性、思维的多角度和答案的多元化等特点。试题的设问特点是多层次、多角度地设问，可以从不同角度来回答。因此针对此类试题，在平常的学习中，考生要加大课外阅读量，拓展自己的知识面，养成多思考、多总结的习惯。此外，要注意句子的语法及单词的拼写，尽量使用自己有把握的简单句，答案中句子首字母需大写等。Passage 1(2015，山西) (导学号：36422362)Shopping online is popular now.Recently，Sanoma Media did a survey on buying electronic products online.3673 people from six European countries took part in the survey.The result shows it is interesting that most of the people are men，and 95 percent (百分之) of the people often buy the electronic products online.You can draw a conclusion (结论) that most of men like buying electronic products.The following are all these peoples background details.1Among the 3673 people，why do you think most of them are men?Because_most_of_men_like_buying_electronic_products(online)/Because_they_are_(more)interested_in_(buying)_electronic_products.2In total，what percent of people are married?73%of_the_people_are_married./73%./Seventythree_percent.3As for work situation，what do 7% and 9% refer to (指)?7%_refers_to_studying_and_9%_refers_to_government./Studying_and_government.4According to the charts，what conclusion about the relationship between education and income can you probably draw?I_can_draw_a_conclusion_that_the_higher_education_the_people_get,_the_higher_income_they_get./The_higher_education,_the_higher_income./Many_of_the_people_who_got_a_university_education_have_the_income_above_average./.5Who likes shopping online around you？What does he or she think of it?My_mother/My_father/.likes_shopping_online./My_mother/_My_father/.(does)_She_/He_thinks_its_very_convenient./.Passage 2 (2014，山西)(导学号：36422363)World Book Day falls on April 23 every year.It was set up by the UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) in 1995 to encourage people to discover the pleasure of reading.It means you read a book out of interest not because your teachers or parents tell you to do so.“Reading for pleasure”plays a more important role in ones growth than ones family background.Books，magazines，newspapers and other kinds of materials can help us know more about the outside world and perfect us.However，computer games，online videos and the Internet are pushing books off the shelf.Some experts believe its a worrying trend (趋势)Each Chinese read 0.38 more books in 2013 than 2012 but still far fewer than those in major developed countries.Even worse，many bookstores have closed their doors because many book lovers start to buy fewer books than before.However，many people do still prefer reading because it has been part of their life.It can benefit (使受益) people in many ways.It gives us information about other cultures and places of the world.It also has a strong influence on forming our personality and makes us more intelligent.The more we read，the more we know.The more we know，the smarter we become.Its never too late to start reading.So jump into the wonderful world of books now!1In which of the countries does each person read more than 15 books in a year?France,_Japan_and_Israel.2Why did people set up World Book Day?Because_they_wanted_to_encourage_people_to_discover_the_pleasure_of_reading.3What are the experts worrying about?They_are_worrying_(that)_computer_games,_online_videos_and_Internet_are_pushing_books_off_the_shelf./Computer_games,_online_videos_and_Internet_are_pushing_books_off_the_shelf.4Is it right that each Chinese read 0.38 more books in 2012 than 2011? If not，whats the result?No,_it_isnt._Its_0.04./_No._Its_0.04.5How many books did you read in 2013? What do you think of reading?I read one (book)/ two (books)/ three (books)/./One./ Two./Three./.Reading/It gives us information about other cultures and places of the world./Reading/It has a strong influence on forming our personality and makes us more intelligent. /.Passage 1(2016，威海)Finding a New PlaceMax is new in town.His family just moved into a new apartment.Max would like to meet some people.Max asked the landlord(房东)where he might go to meet people of his own age.“The Community Center is for people of your age.I am sure you could find some friends there，”said the landlord.“Is the Community Center far from here？”Max asked.“No.Its only a few blocks away.Its about a tenminute walk from here，”replied the landlord.“Give me a minute，Ill write down the directions.”Max smiled.He hoped that he would make some friends at the Community Center.The landlord gave Max a note.Max read the words on the note.Maxs smile disappeared.He would never be able to find the Community Center because he didnt know how to follow directions that used words like north and west.Max needs to get a map of his neighborhood.This map could help him find directions.He took the directions and the map from his landlord.He was sure he could find the Community Center.The landlord told Max that the front door of his building faces west.When he came out of his building，he walked west on the Main Street until he came to the park.Taylor Street was right next to the park.He looked at his direction note.It said，“Then，walk north on Taylor for one block.”Max looked at the map.He could tell that if he was facing west，north would be on his right.He turned to the right on Taylor Street.He walked one block.He could see a big building with a sign.It said“Community Center.”He found it!1Where can Max meet young people of his age?(At)(The)_Community_Center.2What was the landlords note about?(About)the direction(s)(About)how to get to (the) Community Center.(About)where (the) Community Center is.3What is more helpful for Max to find the direction，the note or the map?The_map.4If Max wants to go to the park，which direction should he go?West.5How can Max get to the Water Tower if he starts from his building?Max/He could walk along/on the Main Street, and turn left(at the first turning/crossing)Max/He could walk west (on the Main Street), and turn left (at the first turning/crossing)Max/He could walk southwest.Max/He could walk south and then turn right/west.Passage 2(2016，黄石)(导学号：36422364)“When it comes to the Earth，there is no time to waste.” says the Earth Day Network.And that is right.Protecting our environment is very important，and World Earth Day was created in 1970 to ask more people to protect our environment.On April 22，people around the world celebrate Earth Day.Every year there is a special topic，and this year it is “Trees for the Earth”，so Earth Day this year will be all about planting trees.They are planning to plant 7.8 billion trees within the next five years.Thats a big goal，and you might wonder why trees are so important.Because they can take in carbon dioxide (CO2) and protect the air quality(质量)CO2 is a chemical in our atmosphere，but humans make too much of it.Each person makes about 2.3 tons a year，which is bad for the environment.Well guess what! Planting new trees is important because people cut down a huge number of trees.Last year，there were 3 trillion trees in the world，about 139 billion in China.But according to China Daily，the worlds total number has been almost cut in half since human civilization(文明) began.Thats because 15 billion trees are cut down every year.So we need to plant more to make up for(弥补) the ones we lost.One tree can take in 21.8 kilograms of CO2 per year.And its_still_one_of_the_cheapest_and_best_ways_to_get_rid_of_CO2But dont forget that we can also help the environment by cutting down on how much energy(能源) or water we use every day.Every little thing helps.1When do people around the world celebrate World Earth Day?On_April_22.2What is the topic of this years Earth Day?The_topic/It_is_“Trees_for_the_Earth”3Why are trees so important to the earth?Because_they_can_take_in_carbon_dioxide/CO2_and_protect_the_air_quality.4How much CO2 can two trees take in each year?They_can_take_in_43.6_kilograms_of_CO2_per_year.5Put the sentence “Its still one of the cheapest and best ways to get rid of CO2.” into Chinese.它仍然是最便宜、最有效的减少CO2的方法之一。Passage 3(2016，湘潭)A little girl lived in a small and poor house on a hill.As she grew up，she often played in the small garden.She was finally able to see a wonderful house over the garden fence.The house was high on the other side of the hill.It had golden windows.It was so beautiful that the little girl dreamed of living there.When she was old enough to go outside the garden fence，she asked her mother if she could visit her dream house by herself.Her mother agreed.The day was beautiful.The little girl rode her bike and started.At last，she got to the gate of the house with golden windows.As she got off her bike，she found that all the windows were a little old and dirty.She was very disappointed，and so she turned back.As she looked up，she saw a sight(景象) that amazed her.On the other side of the hill was a small house.Its windows glistened(闪耀) golden as the sun shone on it.She suddenly realized that she had been living in her own golden house.Sometimes the things you have dreamed of are right in front of you!1Where did the girl live?She_lived_in_a_small_and_poor_house(on_a_hill)2Did the girls mother visit the house with her?No,_she_didnt/the_little_girl_visited_there_alone.3What did the girl find after she got off her bike?She_found_that_all_the_windows_were_a_little_old_and_dirty.4How did the girl feel after she saw the house?She_was_very_disappointed.5What can we learn from the story?Sometimes_the_things_you_have_dreamed_of_are_right_in_front_of_you!Passage 4(导学号：36422365)“I sometimes get up at three or four in the morning to surf the Internet.”“I often check my email almost forty times a day.”“I seldom spend less than three hours each time on the net.”“I spend more time in chat rooms than with my reallife friends.”Do you know any people like these？They are part of a new addiction (瘾) called Internet addiction.According to experts，Internet addicts (迷) spend at least thirty to forty hours online every week.They lose control of the time they spend on the Internet.For example，one college student was missing for several days.His friends were worried and looked for him everywhere but couldnt find him.They called the police.The police found the student in the computer lab：he was surfing the Internetfor seven days straight.A study shows that about six to ten percent of Internet users become addicted.The teenagers spend more time on the Internet than with friends and family.Thats why some experts mostly worry about young people.Is “surfing the Internet” a hobby or an addiction for you？You may have a problem if you always do the following：You go out with your friends less and less.You cant wait to get online again.You plan to spend a short time online，but then you spend several hours.You do not go to important family events or you do not do school projects because you like to spend hours on the Internet.What is the situation？Some experts suggest that people set strict limits on their time for Internet use.You have to learn to control it，or the Internet would control you.1How many hours does an Internet addict spend online every week according to the passage?At_least_30_to_40_hours.2Where was the missing college student found?In_the_Computer_lab.3Why do some experts mostly worry about young people?Because_they_young_people_spend_more_time_on_the_Internet_than_with_friends_and_family.4How can Internet addicts solve their problem?They_can_set_strict_limits_on_their_time_for_Internet_use.5What might be the title of this passage？(In no more than TEN words)Internet_AddictionPassage 5( 2016，乐山)AWarm up enough.BTry to take exercise during the daytime.CWinter can be a difficult time to take exercise.DWhatever sport makes you want to exercise, just do it.EWhen you run or walk，dont worry about how fast or slow youre going.1_C_ Apart from the short daylight and cold weather，there are also plenty of holidays to keep you away from exercising.So how to keep fit and not to put on too much weight during the winter time? Here are some tips for you.Make yourself comfortable.You dont necessarily have to do some intense (剧烈) sports.2._E_ Just find a rhythm (节奏) that makes you feel easy and comfortable.Winter is not the time to be strict with yourself.3_A_ Before you head out the door，warn up indoors to slowly raise the heart rate (心率)，without sweating (流汗) a lot.Run in place，walk up and down the stairs，or use a jump rope.It does work as long as it can get your heart beating faster.Make yourself seen.4._B_ When the air is the warmest and the sun is out，the weather is more suitable for exercising.But if you have to walk or run in the dark，do use a headlamp or carry a flashlight.Get a partner.Exercising with a friend，even once a week，can help you get out of the door.Its hard to stay and not to move when someone is waiting for you，and you two can encourage each other.Take it inside.If you cannot stand the cold outside，why not go for some indoor sports? You can take a Yoga class，play badminton or swim in an indoor swimming pool.5._D_ Never stop moving for health!Passage 6(2016，江西)Humans Greatest AchievementsThe Earth is 4.5 billion years old，but the human race has lived on it for just 200，000 years.In that short time，we have achieved some amazing things.1_E_ The list is almost endless.The invention of the airplane has changed our lives.The discovery of antibiotics(抗生素) has saved the lives of millions of people.Can you imagine living without electricity? What ab
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