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.词汇 1The _ (平均的)age of the boys here is ten. 2She has a _ (倾向) to make over her ideas to match his. 3Has anybody ever seen any beings from _ (外部的) space? 4The result is the _ (存在) of a gap between expectations and realities. 5Systems which may find _ (普遍的)use in the future are also discussed.,答案：1.average 2.tendency 3.outer 4.existence 5.widespread,.短语 1重视，强调_ 2有做某事的倾向_ 3产生；成立_ 4平均_ 5大体上；基本上_ 答案：1.put/place emphasis on 2.have a tendency to do sth. e into existence 4.on the/an average 5.on the whole,average 1)adj. (1)平均的 The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. 这个班级中男生的平均年龄为十五岁。 (2)典型的；正常的 40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people. 对大多数人来说，一周工作40小时是相当正常的。,(3)普通的；平常的；一般的 It was an average piece of work. 那是一件普通的产品。 2)n. C&U (1)平均数 The average of 4, 6 and 8 is 6. 4,6,8的平均数是6。 (2)平均水平；一般水准 The amount of snow this year has been below average. 今年的降雪量低于平均水平。,【知识拓展】 on(the/an)average 平均； 一般而言 We made a loss today, but on average we make a profit. 今天结算亏损，但是平均起来，我们还是赚钱。 He is weak at English, but on average his marks are not bad. 他的英语虽差，但平均成绩不差。,【词语辨析】 average, regular, normal, ordinary, natural 1)average通常用来形容优劣难分的平庸或折衷情况，也指理论上的平均标准。 The average temperature in Oxford last month was 18C. 牛津上月的平均气温是18C. 2)regular指已有模式、有规律或定期的。 I wish my working hours were more regular. 我的工作时间能更正常一些就好了。,3)normal指不超过某种限度、符合某种标准或常规。 The doctor said the childs temperature was normal. 医生说孩子体温正常。 4)ordinary强调一般性和普通性，含不突出的意味。 On ordinary days I get up at eight oclock, but on my birthday I was up early. 平时我八点起床，但是我在生日那天起得早。 5)natural侧重某人或某物的行为符合其固有特性。 It is natural that such a hardworking student should pass the exam. 这么用功的学生考试及格是很自然的事。,【知识运用】 (1)(2010江西35) Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a (n) _ of 40,000 per year. A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity 答案：A 本题题意：持有驾驶执照的毕业生，去年的数量达到了20万，年均4万。average表示“平均数”。例如：They went to the theatre on an average of 10.3 times a year. 他们平均每年去剧院10.3次。,(2)(2007天津9) A new_bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. Anormal Busual Cregular Dcommon 答案：C 本题题意：定时发往天津机场的新的公交班车两个月前开始为公众服务了。regular表示“定时的；规则的；有规律的；间隙均匀的”。,(3)采用average, regular, normal, ordinary或natural填空： The novel describes the way of life of the_people there. It is_to laugh when you are happy. After a week of festivities, life returned to_. There was nothing special about the meal; it was_. Her breathing became deeper, more_.,答案： ordinary 译文：这部小说描写那里的普通人的生活方式。 natural 译文：高兴时笑是正常的。 normal 译文：一星期的欢庆之后，生活又恢复常态。 average 译文：饭菜没什么特别， 挺平常的。 regular 译文：她的呼吸越来越深，越来越均匀。,on the whole 总的说来；大体上；基本上 On the whole, children begin walking when they are about one year old. 一般来说，小孩1岁左右开始走路。 On the whole，our stay there was quite enjoyable. 总的说来，我们待在那里是很开心的。,【知识拓展】 1)as a whole (1)作为一个整体 Is the collection going to be divided up or sold as a whole? 这批收藏品是零卖还是一起卖？ (2)总体上 There are some areas of poverty, but the country as a whole is fairly prosperous. 这个国家有些地区比较贫困， 但总的来说是相当富裕的。,2)in general 通常；大体上 In general, Alexander was a peaceful, loving man. 总的来说，亚历山大是个平和的、有爱心的人。 总的说来；从总体上看 In general, your suggestion is good. 你的建议总的来说是好的。,【知识运用】 (1)A healthy economy is in the best interests of society_. Aas a result Bafter all Cin reality Das a whole 答案：D 本题题意：健康发展的经济总的来说对社会最有利。as a whole表示“总体上”。,(2)_were happy living here，but it is a long way away from my parent home. AOn the whole BAs a whole CIn general DIn brief 答案：A 本题题意：总的说来，我们住在这儿很愉快，但就是离我父母家太远了。on the whole表示“总的说来；大体上；基本上”。in brief“简而言之；简单地说”。,it的用法(2) 1强调句型 1)强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。强调句型应避免使用when, where, which 等连词。,It was playing computer games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons. 玩电脑游戏用掉了这个孩子本来应该花在功课上的许多时间。 It is during his spare time that Tom has been studying the situation for several months. 几个月以来，汤姆一直利用自己的空闲时间研究局势。,2)that/who后的动词的人称和数的变化要与前面的名词或代词一致。 It was I who/that was to blame. 该受责备的人是我。 It was only I who am willing to go to the film. 愿意去看电影的人只有我。 3)强调句型的疑问形式。 Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? 第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？ Is it Mr. Li who guided the company through the difficulties. 是王先生带领公司渡过难关的吗？,4)强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。 Where is it that you are going for your holidays? 你打算到哪儿去度假？ How was it that you climb to the top of that building? 你是如何爬上楼顶的？,5)强调句型中的特殊形式： It is not until.that.；It is because.that. It was not until he entered the classroom that he realized that he had forgotten to do the homework. 直到走进教室，他才意识到忘了做作业。 It was because her mother was ill that she didnt go to work. 是因为她妈妈病了她才没有去上班。,6)在强调句型中，作主语的关系代词who/that可以省略。 It is he(that/who)worked out the maths problem. 是他算出了这道数学题。 It is I(that/who)am teaching them the English song. 是我在教唱这首英语歌曲。,2it指时间时可以用于以下句型： 1)Itbe时间段since. It is five years since he left here. 他离开这儿已有五年了。 2)Itbe时间段before. It wasnt long before I had my first bite. 没一会儿我就第一次等到了鱼来咬饵。 3)It is time for sth/for sb to do sth/that. Its time for bed. 该睡觉了。,语法专练 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1(2009江西27) It was_he came bank from Africa that year_he met the girl he would like to marry. Awhen; then Bnot; until Cnot until; that Donly; when 答案：C 本题题意：直到那一年他从非洲回来，他才遇到了一位他想与之结婚的女孩。本题考查强调句型的用法。强调句型强调了not until句式。,2(2009浙江4) Ive read another book this week. Well, maybe_is not how much you read but what you read that counts. Athis Bthat Cthere Dit 答案：D 本题题意：“本周我又读了一本书。”“你读了多少并不重要，重要的是你读了些什么。”本题考查强调句型的用法。强调句型强调了not.but.句式。,3(2008全国220) It was in New Zealand_Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. Athat Bhow Cwhich Dwhen 答案：A 本题题意：正是在新西兰，伊丽莎白第一次与史密斯先生相遇。本题考查强调句型的用法，强调了地点状语in New Zealand.,4(2008天津8) It was along the Mississippi River_Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. Ahow Bwhich Cthat Dwhere 答案：C 本题题意：马克吐温的童年时光大多数是在密西西比河沿岸度过的。本题考查强调句型的用法，强调了地点状语along the Mississippi River.,5(2008重庆22)It was not until midnight_they reached the camp site. Athat Bwhen Cwhile Das 答案：A 本题题意：直到午夜他们才到达营地。本题考查强调句型强调not until句式It is/was not until.that.；注意下列句式转换：They didnt reach the camp site until midnight. Not until midnight did they reach the camp site.,6(2007山东30)Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm_we worked. Athat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere 答案：D 本题题意：“你在哪里认识了她？” “在我们工作的农场”。本句考查强调句型，但题干中所给的句子是一个不完整的句子，其补充形式为：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her. 所填的where用来引导定语从句，修饰先行词farm，同属于被强调部分。,7(2007江西34) I dont mind her criticizing me, but_is how she does it that I object to. Ait Bthat Cthis Dwhich 答案：A 本题题意：我并不介意她的批评，但是我反对她的批评方式。本题考查强调句型的用法。强调句型强调了短语动词obeject to的宾语how she does it.,8(2007浙江10) It_we had stayed together for a couple of weeks_I found we had a lot in common. Awas until; when Bwas until; that Cwasnt until; when Dwasnt until; that 答案：D 本题题意：我们在一起待了两三周之后，我才发现我们有许多共同之处。本题考查强调句型的用法，强调句型强调了not until句型，其原句为：I didnt find we had a lot in common until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks. 还可以表达为：Not until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks did I find we had a lot in common.,9(2007重庆27) It is not who is right but what is right_is of importance. Awhich Bit Cthat Dthis 答案：C 本题题意：重要的是：不是谁正确而是什么是正确的。本题考查强调句型，强调了not.but.句式。,10(2007上海春32) It is imagination_makes the world colourful, full of vigour and vitality. Awhere Bwhat Cthat Dwhen 答案：B 本题题意：想象使整个世界丰富多彩，充满生机和活力。本题考查了强调句型，被强调部分为句子的主语imagination.,11(2007浙江16)He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When was_？ _was in 2000 when he was still in college. Athat; This Bthis; It Cit; This Dthat; It,答案：D 本题题意：“他的第一部作品出版了。事实表明那是一本畅销书。”“那是何时发生的事？”“2000年，当时他还在上大学。”在第一空中，that指已提到过或已知的人或事物，表示“那，那个”。第二空考查“强调句型”，但句子不完整，其完整形式为：It was in 2000 when he was still in college that He got his first book published.,12I just wonder_that makes him so excited. Awhy it does Bwhat he does Chow it is Dwhat it is 答案：D 本题题意：我只是想知道什么事使他如此兴奋。本题考查强调句型在宾语从句中的应用。,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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