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Chapter7TermsofPayment,支付方式汇付托收信用证,1.汇付（Remittance)通过进出口商双方所在地银行的汇兑业务进行结算，即由汇款人将货款交所在地银行，由该银行委托收款人所在地银行转交给收款人。信汇:M/T(MailTransfer)-由进口人将货款交给所在地银行，由该行用信件委托出口人所在地银行把货款付给出口人。电汇:T/T(TelegraphicTransfer)-由进口地银行发电通知出口地银行付款给出口人。票汇:D/D(DemandDraft)-进口人向当地银行购买即期汇票，然后寄给出口人，出口人持票向汇票上指定的付款行取货款。,无论哪种汇付方式，货运单据都是由出口人自行寄给进口人，银行并不经手.在国际贸易中，汇付的方式常用于以下几种业务中：1.预付货款paymentinadvance2.随订单付现cashwithorder3.交货付现cashondelivery4.记账交易openaccounttrade,2.托收（Collection）出口方根据外贸合同规定将货物装运出口后，开立以进口人为付款人的商业汇票并附上有关单据，委托当地银行通过进口方所在地银行向进口方代收货款后汇回出口方的一种结算方式。(1)光票托收CleanCollection：不附带任何货运单据的汇票）(2)跟单托收DocumentaryCollectiona.付款交单：D/P(DocumentsagainstPayment)代收行在收到进口方货款后，将汇票及所附的货运单据交付给进口方。按时间不同又分为：即期付款交单：D/Patsight,sightD/P远期付款交单：D/Paftersight,b.承兑交单：D/A(DocumentsagainstAcceptance)出口方在货物付运后，开具进口方为付款人的远期汇票，连同各种货运单据一并交委托行寄往进口方代收行；代收行在进口方承兑汇票后，将跟单汇票交给付款人，进口方于汇票到期日付清货款。装运单据shippingdocuments,如:商业发票、装箱单、提单等。,3.信用证（L/C)国际贸易最常用的支付方法是L/C,这是一种可靠又安全的支付方式便于卖方与陌生的买方进行交易，并对买卖双方都有保障。,信用证的支付程序：1.进口商要求其银行开立以出口商为受益人的信用证。2.进口商银行开立信用证，并将其寄给出口商国家的往来银行。因进口商银行开立信用证，故被称为开证行。3.出口商银行收到开证行的信用证后将其递交给出口商。由于该银行把信用证递交给了出口商，故被称为通知行。,4.出口商完成装运并准备即期汇票及所有的装运单据，然后把汇票和装运单据递交通知行要求议付，即要求付款。通知行帮助出口商取得货款。5.通知行把汇票及装运单据寄给开证行要求支付。6.开证行收到汇票及装运单据后把它们递交给进口商。7.开证行，此时被称为付款行把货款汇给通知行8.通知行收到货款后交给出口商。,开证人（进口人）,受益人（出口人）,开证行付款行,通知行议付行,合同,申请开征,开证、寄证,通知,审证、交单、议付,垫付货款,索偿,偿付,通知付款,付款赎单,信用证的支付流程及权责,例：不可撤销的即期议付信用证,在其他付款方式中，银行只能作托收和汇付的工作，对进口商不付货款不予负责；而在信用证的情况下，开证行以自己的信用为交易垫付货款。就卖方的利益来说，信用证(L/C)比付款交单(D/P)好，D/Patsight比D/Paftersight好，而付款交单(D/P)又比承兑交单(D/A)好。在国际贸易中，只在进口商财务状况良好，或过去一系列业务中进口商付款可靠，从而取得出口商信任，才可以接受托收的支付方式。,Letter1AskingforpaymentbytermL/C,DearMr.Smith,Thankyouforyourorderfor5000dozenshirtsbyyourletterof10February.Wehaveconsideredyourproposaltopaya30-dayletterofcredit.Wedonotusuallyaccepttimecredit.However,inviewofourlongandmutuallybeneficialrelationship,wearewillingtomakeanexceptionthistime.Wemuststressthatthisdeparturefromourusualpracticerelatestothistransactiononly.Wecannotregarditassettingaprecedentforfuturetransactions.WeencloseoursalesContractNo.TL120coveringtheorder.Wewouldbegratefulifyouwouldfollowtheusualprocedure.Yoursfaithfully,Enc.,Chineseversionoftheletter,执事先生：感谢你方二月10日5000打衬衫的订单。我们认真研究了你方提出的以见票后30天的信用证付款的建议。我们通常不接受远期信用证。但是，鉴于我们双方长期互惠的贸易关系，此次我们愿意破例接受你方的建议。我们必须重申这次变更仅限于本次交易，决不能作为今后交易的先例。随函附上有关上述订货的第TL120号销售合同。如能按常规办理将不胜感激。谨上，,LanguagePoints,payv.付（款，费用）；付款；（对）注意,topayinadvance预付topaybyinstallments分期付款topayondelivery货到付款topayby30daysL/CtopaybytimeL/Cat30days以见票后30天议付的信用证付款,LanguagePoints,paymentn.（不可数）支付；（可数）支付的款,paymentterms支付条件；付款条件paymentinadvance预付货款deferredpayment延期付款cashpayment现金付款monthlypaymentsofUS$3,000每月付款3000美元inpaymentof付某种费用的款，如发票、费用、佣金等inpaymentfor付某种具体实物的款，如广告、商品、样品等,LanguagePoints,随函附上3000美元支票一张，以支付截至目前所欠你方的全部佣金。,WeencloseacheckforUS$3,000inpaymentofallcommissionsduetoyouuptodate.,收到你方300美元支票一纸，支付我方上个月寄给贵公司的样品。,WehavereceivedyourcheckforUS$300inpaymentforthesampleswesentyoulastmonth.,LanguagePoints,letterofcredit信用证,信用证的种类：,ConfirmedL/C保兑的信用证UnconfirmedL/C未保兑的信用证SightL/C即期信用证Time/termL/C远期信用证RevocableL/C可撤销的信用证IrrevocableL/C不可撤销的信用证,LanguagePoints,TransferableL/C可转让的Non-transferableL/C不可转让DivisibleL/C可分割的IndivisibleL/C不可分割的DocumentaryL/C跟单信用证,departuren.背离；违背（后接介词from）,这严重地违反了你方的诺言。,LanguagePoints,Itisagrossdeparturefrompromise.,我们能在起航前将货物备妥。,Wecangetthegoodsreadybeforetheshipsdeparture.,ItisourusualpracticetoaskforsightL/C,nomattertheorderislarge-sizedorsmall-sized.,LanguagePoints,不管订单大小，我们的通常做法是要求即期信用证。,internationalbusinesspractice国际商务惯例customarypractice习惯做法；惯例,usualpractice通常惯例；习惯做法,LanguagePoints,precedentn.创的先例,setaprecedent开创先例takesth.asaprecedent将某事当作先例,我们在这方面的通融不能为以后交易开创先例。,Ouraccommodationinthisrespectshouldnotsetaprecedentforfuturetransactions.,AnalyzingtheLetter,ParagraphOne:identifyingthereferenceParagraphTwo:acceptingtheproposal,givingthereasonsParagraphThree:makingitclearthattheconcessiondoesnotapplytofuturetransactionsParagraphFour:statingtheenclosuresindetail,Comments:Thisletterisbriefandtothepoint.Ittellstherecipientexactlythattheconcessionisonlyforthisdeal,andcannotsetprecedentforfuturetransactions.,Letter2(7)Askingforeasierpayment,LanguagePoints,1.tie-upoffunds占压资金,Therequestforeasierpaymenttermsiscompelledbytheirfundsbeingtiedupinnumerouscommitments.,由于资金被许多业务占用，他们迫不得已要求较宽容的付款条件。,2.easypaymentterms易于接受的条件；宽容的条件,easierpaymentterms,他们要求较宽容的支付条件是因为他们手头拮据。,Theyaskforeasierpaymenttermsbecausetheirfundsaretight.,Easierpaymenttermswouldbeconducivetoourbusinesswithyou.,宽松的支付方式将有助于我们彼此间的业务。,LanguagePoints,3.proposev.提议；建议,proposaln.提议,遗憾不能接受你方改变付款方式的提议,Weregretthatwecannotacceptyourproposalforchanginginpayment.,4.cashagainstdocumentsonarrivalofthegoods货到凭单付款,5.draw开出（汇票）,根据向某人开出金额为的汇票drawadraftonsbforanamountagainststhdrawonsbatsightforanamountagainststhtoacceptadraft承兑汇票tohonoradraft承兑汇票todishonoradraft拒付汇票,我们遗憾地得知你方拒付了我们三十天期的汇票。,Weregrettonotethatour30daysdraftdrawnonyouwasdishonored.,我们已根据这些单据通过亚洲银行向你方开立了发票金额的即期汇票。,WehavedrawnasightdraftonyouagainstthedocumentsfortheamountofinvoicethroughtheBankofAsia.,请确认我们可以就你328号订单向你方开出金额为两万八千美元的六十天远期汇票收款。,Pleaseconfirmthatwecandrawonyouat60daysaftersightforUS$28,000againstyourOrderNo.328.,LanguagePoints,AnalyzingtheLetter,ParagraphOne:theopeningsentenceoftheletterParagraphTwo:statingthepresentsituationinordertoinducethespecificrequestforpaymentParagraphThree:referringtopastcollaborationandpressingthevendortoaccepttheorderontheconditionsyouproposeParagraphFour:theclosingsentenceoftheletter,Letter3(1)Askingfordirectpaymentbythebuyer,LanguagePoints,amountn.数额；金额；总额；v.（金额）合计；达到,intheamountof金额计totheamountof金额计fortheamountof金额计tocometoanamountof金额达到,Letter4(8)Turndowntherequestforeasierpayment,由于资金被许多业务占用,他们不得不要求放宽付款条件。,PracticeLessons,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish:,我方抱歉不能接受货到目的港后凭单付款的支付方式。,Therequestforeasierpaymenttermsiscompelledbytheirfundsbeingtiedupinnumerouscommitments.,Weregretthatwecannotaccept“cashagainstdocumentonarrivalofgoodsatdestination”.,如果你方能同意按即期信用证方式付款，我们即能达成交易。,WemightcometotermsifyouagreetopaybysightL/C.,鉴于双方长期友好关系，此次我们例外接受D/P60天付款。,InviewoflongandfriendlyrelationsweagreetoacceptD/P60daysasanexception.,中间商决不会自负盈方采购货物。,Undernocircumstanceswillthemiddlemenbuygoodsontheirownaccount.,瑞典一进口商要求我们按承兑交单方式运去一批试销商品。,你3月12日汇票已承兑,到期应照付。,YourdraftofMarch12hasbeenacceptedandwillbegivenourprotection.,AnimporterinSwedenasksustosendhimatrialdeliveryforsalesonD/Aterms.,PracticeLessons,Writealetterwiththefollowingparticulars:,十一月十二日来函收到，获悉你方有意在贵国推销我们的自行车。对此，我们非常感兴趣。对你方为推销自行车所做的努力我们甚为感激。但对你方要求以见票后六十天承兑交单方式付款（D/A60dayssight）一事，我们歉难考虑。我们的通常做法是要求即期信用证付款。为了促进我方自行车在贵方市场上的销售，我方准备接受即期付款交单方式，以示特别照顾。希望你方能接受上述付款条件并盼早日收到回音。,PracticeLessons,DearSirs,WehavereceivedyourletterdatedNov.12andnotedwithinterestyourintentionofpushingthesaleofourbicycleinyourcountry.Althoughwearemuchappreciativeofyoureffortstohelpsellourbicycles,weregretbeingunabletoconsideryourrequestforpaymentbyD/A60dayssight.OurusualpracticeistoaskforsightL/C.However,inordertofacilitatethesaleofourbicyclesinyourmarket,wearepreparedtoacceptpaymentbyD/Patsightasaspecialaccommodation.Wehopethattheabovepaymenttermswillbeacceptabletoyouandlookforwardtothepleasureofhearingfromyousoon.Yoursfaithfully,PracticeLessons,执事先生：十一月十二日来函收到，获悉你方有意在贵国推销我们的自行车。对此，我们非常感兴趣。虽然，对于你方为推销自行车所做的努力我们甚为感激。但对你方要求以见票后六十天承兑交单方式付款，我们歉难考虑。我们的通常做法是要求即期信用证付款。然而，为了促进我方自行车在贵方市场上的销售，我方准备接受即期付款交单方式，作为特别的通融。希望你方能接受上述付款条件并盼早日收到回音。,
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