资源描述
CargoTransportationInsurance,Termsinvolved,theinsurant/insured/assuredThepartythatbuysinsurance(exporter/importer)theinsurerThepartyundertakingtoindemnifytheinsurantagainstlossesordamages(PICC)theclaimantTheclaimantmaynotnecessarilybetheinsuranttheinsurancepolicy-Thecontractmadebetweentheinsurerandtheinsuredtheinsuredamount-Theamountcoveredagainstthesubjectmatter(whichisusuallytheamountof110%ofCIFvalueoftheconsignment)premium-Thesumofmoneytheinsuredagreestopaytheinsurerforaninsurancepolicy,MarineRisks,Perilsofthesea,External/Extraneousrisks,Risks,Naturalcalamities,Unexpectedaccidents/fortuitousaccidents,Generalrisks,Specialrisks,TwotypesofrisksPerilsoftheseaNaturalcalamitiesCausedbyforcemajeureeventssuchasheavyweather,lightening,Tsunami,earthquake,volcaniceruption,etc.Unexpectedaccidents/fortuitousaccidentsCausedbyaccidentssuchasfire,explosion,vesselbeingstranded,grounded,sunkorcapsized,collision,missing,etc.,1.TheftPilferageandNon-Delivery,T.P.N.D.；2.RainFreshWaterDamage,F.W.R.D.；3.RiskofShortage；4.RiskofIntermixtureandContamination；5.RiskofLeakage；6.RiskofClashandBreakage；7.RiskofOrdor；8.DamageCausedbysweatingandHeating；9.HookDamage；10.LossandDamageCausedbyBreakageofPacking；11.RiskofRust.,GeneralAdditionalRisk,External/ExtraneousRisks,Causedbymilitaryfactors,politicalfactors,governmentregulationssuchaswar,striking,confiscation充公1.WarRisks;2.Strikerisks;3.Aflatoxin黄曲霉素险;4.Failuretodeliver;5.OnDeck舱面险;6.ImportDuty;7.Rejection;8.FireRiskExtensionClause,F.R.E.C.forstorageofcargoatdestinationofHongKong,includingKowloon,orMacao.,SpecialAdditionalRisks,LossesinMarineCargoTransport,Thelossesanddamagesdonetothegoodscanfallinto:1.TotalLoss1)ActualTotalLoss（thewholelotoftheconsignmenthasbeenlostordamagedorfoundvaluelessuponthearrivalattheportofdestination)2)ConstructiveTotalLoss(theactuallossoftheinsuredgoodsisunavoidable,ortheshiportheconsignmenthastobeabandonedbecausethecostofsalvageorrecoverywouldexceedthevalueoftheshipandtheconsignmentinsoundconditionuponthearrivaloftheportofdestination.)2.PartialLoss1)GeneralAverage(G.A.)共同海损(whenboththeshipandtheconsignmentsonboardareengagedandtheCaptain,forthesafetyoftheshipandtheconsignments,intentionallyandreasonablydoessomesacrificesormakessomeexpenses.)2)ParticularAverage(P.A)单独海损(aparticularconsignmentispartiallydamaged),Expensesincurred,TwotypesofexpensesSueorlaborexpenses(eg.施救费)Whenthesubjectmattersufferstheriskswithininsurancecoveragetheinsuredtakesmeasurestoavertorminimizethelossordamagetothesubjectmatterinsured.Salvagecharge(救助费)Athirdpartyotherthantheinsuredtakesmeasurestosavethesubjectmatter(“No-Cure，No-Pay”principle),DifferentRisksTherisks:BasicInsuranceAdditionalInsurancea.Basicinsurance:coveredindependentlyFreefromParticularAverageWithParticularAverageAllRisksb.Additionalinsurance:gowithbasiccoverageGeneralAdditionalRisks（AAR）SpecialAdditionalRisks,InsuredAmountandInsurancePremium,TheinsuredamountTheformulaforcalculatingtheinsuredamountunderCIFtradeterms:,InsuredAmount=CIFpricex(1+markuppercentage),TheinsurancepremiumTheformulaforcalculatingthepremiumunderCIFtradeterms:,InsurancePremium=insuredamountxpremiumrate=CIFpricex(1+markuppercentage)xpremiumrate,例如，某CIF合同价值为USD12000，投保一切险与战争险，费率分别为0.6%和0.4%，请问保险金额和保险费各多少？,Answer:InsuredAmount:USD12000 x110%=USD13200InsurancePremium:USD13200 x(0.6%+0.4%)=USD132,InsuranceDocuments,Commonlyusedinsurancedocumentsininternationaltrade:(1)Insurancepolicy:themostlyusedinsurancedocument.(2)Insurancecertificate保险凭证:asimplifiedinsurancedocument.Thecertificatecarriesthesamecontentsastheinsurancepolicyexceptfortheobligationsandrightsoftheinsurerandtheinsured.(3)Combinedcertificate联合凭证:thecombinationoftheinvoiceandinsurancepolicy,muchsimplerthantheinsurancecertificate.Itisnotoftenusednow.(4)Openpolicy预约保单:alsoknownasopencover,thegeneralcontractbetweentheinsured(normallytheimporter)andtheinsurer,oftenusedinimporttransactionsinChina.(5)Endorsement批单:Aftertheinsurancepolicyisissued,iftheinsuredwantstoaddorchangesomeitemsofthepolicy,theinsuredcan,withtheinsurancecompanysconsent,applyfortheadditionandchange.Thedocumentissuedtostatetheadditionalitemsorchangesisknownasendorsement,whichisconsideredanindispensableparttothepolicy.,Example1CertificateofInsuranceTheCentralInsuranceCo.,Ltd.PolicyNo.38716ThisistocertifythatthiscompanyhasinsuredonbehalfofFarEastTradingCo.ThesumofPoundsSterlingNinethousandNineHundredOnly.UponOnehundredcasesladiesumbrellas.Atb.Theexactkindofinsurancerequested;c.Thesumofthepremium.2.Letteraboutthetypeofcoverageadopteda.TherelevantgoodsandthedocumentsNo.;b.Informingtheaddresseethetypeofcoverageadopted;c.Confirmationofthepremium3.Letterofreplyingtotheletterrequestingexcessiveinsurancea.TherelevantgoodsanddocumentsNo.;b.Theextrapremiumagreed;c.Thepartypayingtheextrapremium,（I.InsuranceApplicationandReply)Example1ApplicationforinsuranceAgainstLeatherGoodsDearSirs,WeshallshortlybemakingregularshipmentsofleathergoodstoVancouver,Canada,byapprovedshipsandshallbegladifyouwillissueanARmarineinsurancepolicyfor,say,USD70,000tocovertheseshipmentsfromourwarehouseattheaboveaddresstotheportofdestination.AllgoodswillbepackedinwoodencasesanddispatchedbyrailtoTianjing.Yoursfaithfully,Example2ApplicationforinsuranceAgainstLeathershoesDearSirs,KindlyissueaMarineInsurancePolicyinthenameoftheNationalTradingCo.,ManYeeBuilding,HongKong.ClaimspayableatLondonAmountofInsurancerequired:4,000AgainsttheriskofAllRisks&WarRiskMark,Quantity&DescriptionofMerchandise:LeatherShoes,onehundreddozenpackedinfivecases,20dozeneach.,NTCHONGKONGNo.1/5,Marks:,VoyagefromHongkongtoLongdonperS.S.“WingOn”sailingonoraboutSeptember10,2008.Yourssincerely,Example3AReplytotheApplicationforInsuranceDearSirs,Re:YourOrderNo.1004for500CasesToysThisistoacknowledgereceiptofyourletterdated20thJulyrequestingustoeffectinsuranceonthecaptionedshipmentforyouraccount.WearepleasedtoinformyouthatwehavecoveredtheaboveshipmentwiththePeoplesInsuranceCompanyofChinaagainstAllRisksfor2,200.Thepolicyisbeingpreparedaccordinglyandwillbeforwardedtoyoubytheendoftheweektogetherwithourdebitnote索款通知forthepremium.Foryourinformation,wearemakingarrangementtoshipthe500casesoftoysbyS.S.“Tanghong”sailingonoraboutthe11thofAugust.Yoursfaithfully,DearSirs,Re:OurOrderNo.A135for1,500piecesofSpotlightsPleaserefertoourOrderNo.A135for1,500piecesofspotlights,fromwhichyouwillcertainlynotethatthisorderisplacedonCIFbasis.Nowwewouldliketoremindyoutohavetheshipmentinsuredinduecourse.Pleaseseetoitthattheabove-mentionedgoodsshouldbeshippedbeforeSeptember20andthattheshipmentshouldbecoveredClashthereforetheextrapremiumwillbeforouraccount.Wesincerelyhopethatourrequestwillmeetwithyourapprovalandawaityourreplywithkeeninterest.Sincerelyyours,DavidSmith,LetterThree-AskingSellertoCoverInsurance,DearSirs,Re:YourL/CNo.TK305WethankyouforyourletterofDecember6andyourL/CNo.TK305forRMB25,000issuedbytheBankofSingapore,advisedthroughtheBankofChina,HongKong.Ongoingthroughthestipulationsofyourcredit,weregrettofindthatinadditiontoFPAandWarRisk,yourequireinsurancetocoverTPNDandSRCCstrike,riotandcivilcommotion,whichwerenotagreeduponbybothpartiesduringournegotiations.Undertheordinarycircumstance,nolossortheftofsuchmerchandiseaspendantlampsislikelytooccurduringtransportorafterarrivingatitsdestination.Therefore,itisourpracticetocoverFPAforsuchcommodity.SinceyoudesiretohaveyourshipmentinsuredagainstTPND,wecanarrangesuchinsuranceatyourcost.,CoveringAdditionalInsuranceforBuyer,WithregardtoSRCC,wewishtostatethatthePeoplesInsuranceCompanyofChina,fromnowon,acceptsthisspecialcoverageandisincompliancewiththeusualinternationalpractice.WehopeyouwillseeyourwaytoarrangewithyourbankforanamendmenttoyourL/Ctoincreasetheamountinordertocovertheextrapremiumunderadvicetous.Weassureyouthatassoonasyouramendmentreachesus,weshall,ofcourse,makethenecessaryarrangementfortheshipment.Yourssincerely,SusanChou,SettlementofNon-deliveryofGoods,DearSirs，Re:Non-deliveryoftheMetalBoxContainingToolKitandAccessoriesWefeltveryregrettabletohearthebadnewsfromyourfaxthismorning,informingusthatthemetalboxcontainingtoolkitandaccessoriesdidntreachyourportofdestination.SincethenumberofthismetalboxismentionedonthePackingListandthewholeconsignmentwasexaminedandcheckedbytheChiefSupervisoroftheTransportCompanybeforeshipmentinthestorehouseofthedock,thenon-deliveryofthisboxdoesnotfallwithinourresponsibility.,Asrequested,wehaveinsuredthegoodsagainsttheTPNDrisks,soyoumaylodgeyourclaimagainstthisTPNDwiththeInsuranceCompany.Ithasbeensaidinyourfaxthatallthemachinesofthecompleteproductionlinehavealreadyarrivedatyourproductionsiteandsomeofthemarebeinginstalledthere.Itisagreatregretthatthenon-deliveryoftheboxcontainingtoolkitandthenecessaryaccessorieshasmadetheinstallationworkbrokendownandbroughtittoastandstill.,Withtheviewofhelpingyoutocompletetheconstructionofthewholeproductionlineandtobringyourproductionlineintoanearlyoperation,wehavedecidedtodeliveryoubyairanothermetalboxwithtoolkitandaccessoriesonFlightNo.XXflyingfromourXXAirporttoyourXXAirportthedayaftertomorrow.Thecostofthetoolkitandaccessories,aswellastheairfreight,willbebornebyyouorbytheInsuranceCompanylater.Wearenowfaxingyoutherelevantdocumentsinorderthatyoucantakedeliveryofthegoodsattheairport.Faithfullyyours,
展开阅读全文