句子成分与词根词缀.ppt

Whatsthesmallestgrammaticaly语法的unitinalanguage?,1,Whatsalanguage?Whatsalanguagemadeof?,词素morhpeme,词素：最小的语法和语义单位radicalsinChinesecharacters江、湖、河、海米、迷、眯、糜词根root:单词的根本部分；前缀prefix后缀suffix：单词的构件词=（前缀prefix）+词根root+（后缀suffix）,2,3,词素morhpeme,词素：最小的语法和语义单位词根:单词的根本部分；前缀后缀：单词的构件词=（前缀prefix）+词根root+（后缀suffix）,4,词素morpheme词word,单词wordvisiblevisittelevisionLogdialogue前缀dia(相对)+logapologize前缀apo(分开)+log+动词后缀izeprologue前缀pro(向前)Cludeinclude前缀in(入、内)+cludeexclude前缀ex(外)+cludeconclude前缀con强调,5,vis+后缀ible(可的),前缀tele(远)+vis+名词后缀ion,6,词素morpheme词word,词word,名词noun-ation-ment-al-ness-ity-ism-ist动词vt/vi-ify-ize-en形容词adjective-y-ish-some-ous副词adverb-ly:loudly介词preposition:inonoverunderfromfor,7,8,G1supervisesuper-上面vis-看supervisor监督人nsupervision监督nsupervisory监督的aG2protectpro-前tect-掩盖protectornprotectiveaprotectionnprotectionism保护主义ndetectde-去除detection察觉ndetective侦探n,9,G3MovableChangeable易变、可变的Useable可使用的Producible可生产的Flexible灵活的Lovable可爱的G4Internetinter-互相之间International国际的aInteraction互动交互nInterview面试vn,G5Transformtrans-超过变化transplant移植n/vtransport交通n/vport-拿运import进口n/vexport出口n/vdeport驱逐vportable便携的aG6Subwaysubsonic亚音速的asubmarine海面下的a潜艇n,Tonyisan_student;firstintheclass.(excellent)Ellenisvery_onteachersandstudents;unabletodothingsonherown.(dependent)Frankieisvery_;amemberofmanydifferentclubs.(active)Annisvery_;hatestoloseatgames.(competitive)Sallyisavery_student;popularwithstudentsandteachers.(likeable)Takethismessagetotheprincipal,andhurry.Itsvery_.(urgent)Thisexperimentmightbedangerous,sopleasewear_glasseswhenyoudoit.(protective)Thismildshampoois_forbabies.(suitable)Thebooksyouneedforyourprojectareall_fromthelibrary.(obtainable),11,Whatsalanguage?Whatsalanguagemadeof?,12,词组phrase,名词词组NounPhrase前置修饰语+名词（中心词）+后置修饰语我的小伙伴们mylittlebuddies中心词thetallhandsomerichboysittingthere动词词组VerbPhrase动词为中心Itisgettingdark.Ihavenofishihedmyhomeworkbynow.介词词组PrepositionPhrase介词为中心Theyfollowedclosebehindme.IhavenotlaidmyhandonanybookssincethisJuly.副词词组AdverbPhrase副词为中心Beaman.Dontactsolowly.Helivesfarfromhere.,13,SentenceElements句子成分,14,主谓宾SVO,我和我的小伙伴们都惊呆了S主V谓,15,双宾语O+IO,Objective宾语andindirectobjective间接宾语Ourexpertscangiveyouadvice.S主语(NP)V谓语(VP)IO间接宾语O宾语Ourexpertscangiveadivicetoyou.Givesbsth/bringsbsth,16,Theguestshavearrived.TheguestsS主havearrivedV谓.Mybrotherhasbecomeanengineer.MybrotherS主hasbecomeV谓anengineerO宾.Smokingcigarettescausestrouble.SmokingcigarettesS主causesV谓troubleO宾.,17,状语Adverbial,性质：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。位置：状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。Beaman.Dontactsolowly.时间状语when,while,as,before,after,till/until,since地点状语where原因状语because,since,as,for目的状语sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase方式状语as,asif/though结果状语so/suchthatsothat条件状语if,unless,incase,aslongas让步状语,18,状语Adverbial,条件让步原因时间位置HelivesinLondon.SummervacationusuallystartsfromJuly.Theboywaspraised表扬forhisbravery勇敢.IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentstreat对待usaschildren.,19,条件,让步,原因,时间,位置,定语Attribute,性质：在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。位置：名词词组前置修饰语+名词（中心词）+后置修饰语,20,定语Attribute,我的小伙伴们mylittlebuddies中心词用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。Thelittleboythereneedsabluepen.SVOEnglishisalanguageeasytolearnbutdifficulttomaster.Englishisalanguageeasytolearnbutdifficulttomaster.,21,补语compliment,用来说明宾语或主语所处的状态或正在进行的动作Cityairisdirtyandpolluted.S(NP)VCompliment补Thiswillmakeyourhairsoftandshiny.SV(VP)O(NP)Compliment补,22,I（n）love（v）you（n）主NP谓VP宾NP,23,定,状A,状A,状A,定,Trafficbecomesasocialprobleminbigcities.Heissuccessfulbecauseheisverylucky.Studentsfrom29localschoolsanduniversitieswillalsogiveaconcertonAugust21.,Haveatry,理想与现实的距离就是我与你之间的距离Thedistancebetweendreamandrealityisthatbetweenyouandme.理想与现实的距离就是我与你之间的距离SubjectVObjective（NP:定语+n）（NP:定语+n）Thedistancebetweendreamandrealityisthatbetweenyouandme.,24,Haveatry,骑白马的（人）不一定是王子，他可能是唐僧。Themanridingahorsemightnotbeaprince;hecanbeXuanZang.骑白马的（人）不一定是王子，他可能是唐僧。SVO(n)S(n)VO(n)（NP:定语+n）Themanridingahorsemightnotbeaprince;hecanbeXuanZang.,25,Haveatry,当你想不通的时候，想一下自己是在中国会让一切豁然开朗了Whenyougetconfused,thefactthatyouliveinchinawillmakeeverythingclear.当你想不通的时候，想一下自己是在中国会让一切豁然开朗了A状语S主语从句V谓语O宾语C补语Whenyougetconfused,thefactthatyouliveinChinawillmakeeverythingclear.,26,朋友掏出了爱疯主谓宾SVO(NP)我朋友掏出了他昨天刚从南京路专卖店买的爱疯S(NP)VO(NP)主谓定宾我朋友从口袋里掏出了他昨天刚从南京路专卖店买的爱疯SAVO(NP)定主状谓定宾,27,Putthefollowingphrasesintherightorder,朋友从口袋里掏出了他昨天从南京路专卖店买的爱疯outofhispocketAniPhoneheboughtatAppleStoreAfriendofmineatNanjingRDyesterdaypullAfriendofminepullaniPhone【heboughtatapplestoreatNJRD】outofhispocket.,28,从句,29,Hecomplained抱怨thatwhathesaidwasnottrue.Hecomplainedthatwhathesaidwasnottrue.S主V谓O宾（clause宾语从句）whathesaidwasnottureS主V谓C补,I（n）love（v）you（n）主NP谓VP宾NP,定,状A,状A,状A,定,长句从句,Thestudy研究,conductedbyFashionHealthmagazine,polled(民调vt)69,000peoplenationwide,ofwhommorethan90percentsaidtheyfeltlonelylivinginbigcities.(25words),30,长句从句,Thestudy,conductedbyFashionHealthmagazine,polled(民调vt)69,000peoplenationwide,ofwhommorethan90percentsaidtheyfeltlonelylivinginbigcities.,定语从句31,S主语定语（修饰study）V谓语,O宾语(被访者),NV,N,