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晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,高端数据,2010年陕西卷,假定你是李华。你们学校和一所美国中学签署了教师交流协 议。在过去的一年里,你们的英文老师是来自这所中学的Sue Wood 。不久前她返回美国任教。请你根据写作要点和要求给Sue写封电 子邮件。,写作要点:1.对她表达感谢之意;,2.介绍她离开后你自己及班里发生的事情;,3.希望了解她的近况。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,佳作欣赏,Dear Sure,Im Li Hua, one of your students in China. Its almost a month since you left us. We all miss you and are very grateful for what you did for us. (完成要点1),We are busy as usual. We had an English speech contest the other day. I won the first prize! This again reminds me of all your kind help. (完 成要点2)Do you still remember the trees we planted together on the hill behind the school? Yesterday, we went there and watered them. ,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,The tree you planted yourself is growing well, and the whole class de- cided to name it Sue Wood. Will you come back to see it? (自由发挥: 联系以往共处的经历,回忆美好的过去),How is everything with you lately? We hope to know more about you and your American students. Hope to keep in close touch. (完成要点3),句中含有一个定语从句,先行词是the trees,关系代词which或者that 在定语从句中作宾语,所以省略。,请用定语从句完成句子:,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,我已经和在去年的英语竞赛上遇见的几个我们学校的学生成了朋 友。,Ive become good friend with several of the students in my school in the English speech contest last year.,【答案】I met,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,句是由两个并列句组成,第一个并列句中使用了现在进行时,说明 当前一段时间的状况。,请用正确的时态完成句子:,这些天我们在农场帮农民们干活。,These days the farmers work on the farm.,【答案】we are helping,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.His first question was whether Mr Smith had arrived yet.,他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。,2.Although it works for the books, hammers, and spoons in your house, it doesnt work for all the volumes stored in the Library of Congress, for example. 尽管它能很好地为你家中存放书本、铁锤和 汤匙,但是它根本不适用于国家图书馆存放的所有资料。,3.The engineer suggested that we should raise out productivity through technical innovation.工程师建议我们通过技术革新提高生产率。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.It is strange that all great men should have some little grain of mad- ness mingled with whatever genius they possess. (Moliere) 很奇怪,所 有伟人所拥有的天分中都混杂着一些疯狂的成分。 (莫里哀),2.Human desires are not always being fulfiled, but determined people will achieve their ambitions. 人不总能如愿以偿,但有决心的人总会 实现他们的壮志雄心。,3.Civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.(John F. Kennedy)礼貌不是软弱的表现,真诚有待验证。(约翰,肯尼迪),晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1. n. 压力;重点v. 着重; 强调; 重读,2. n. 禁令,3. adj. 困难的;强硬的,4. n. 收回;撤退;戒毒 vt. 收回;撤退,5. adj. 精神的;智力的 adv. 精神上地,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,6. vt. 停止(做某事);离开,7. n. 结果;效力 adj. 有效的,8. adj. 畸形的;异常的 adj. 正常的,9. vt. 加强;巩固;使坚强 adj. 坚强的;强壮的,10. adj. 绝望的;拼命的,11. n. 药剂师;化学家 n. 化学 adj.化 学的,12. adj. 失望的;沮丧的 vt.(使)失望 n.失望,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,13. adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 n. 耻辱,14. vt. 理解(力) vt.理解,15. adj.不合法的 adj.合法的,16. n.幸存;幸存者 vt. 幸存,17. n. 偏见;成见,18. n.判断 vt. 判断,19. adj. 尴尬的;陷入困境的 vt. (使)尴尬 n. 尴尬,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1. 由于,2. 对有瘾,3. 习惯于,4. 对作出决定,5. 想要(做),6. 不顾;不管,7. 冒险,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,8. 陷入;染上(坏习惯),9. 处于危险之中,1.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.,2.Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.,3.It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. 每当你想要吸烟的时候,你就提醒你自己:你是 一个不吸烟的人。,真题探究,(2011四川)Lydia doesnt feel like abroad. Her parents are old.,A.study B.studying,C.studied D.to study,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you fi- nally stop smoking. 如果你非得经过多次才能把香烟戒掉,你也不要 失望。,真题探究,(2011福建) My teacher says shes canceling the class play. I just can t understand., .You were looking forwards to it.,A.It doesnt matter,B.Its very unwise of her,C.Dont worry about it,D.You must be disappointed,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,词汇拓展:,1.stress 2.ban 3.tough 4.withdrawal; withdraw,5.mental; mentally 6.quit 7.effect; effective 8.abnormal; normal 9.strengthen; strong 10.desperate 11.chemist; chemistry; chemical 12.disappointed; disappoint; disappointment 13.ashamed; shame prehension; comprehend 15.illegal; legal 16.survival; sur- vive 17.prejudice 18.judgment; judge 19.embarrassed; embarrass; embarrassment,短语在线:,1.due to 2.become addicted to 3.become accustomed to 4.decide,on 5.feel like doing 6.in spite of 7.take a risk,8.get into 9.at risk,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,教材链接:,1.【命题分析】考查feel like的用法。,【答案与解析】B 句意:Lydia不想出国留学。她的父母已经年迈 。根据固定用法feel like doing sth“想要做某事”可知选B项。,2.【命题分析】考查情景交际用语和词汇用法。,【答案与解析】D 句意:“我的老师说她取消了今天课堂表演,我 真的不明白。”“你一定很失望。你一直都在期望着这件事。” 表示对现在情况的推测要用must be。由“你一直都在期望着”可 以推断出你的失望。It doesnt matter“没有关系”; Its very un- wise of her“她太不明智了”; Dont worry about it“别担心”均与 句意不符。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.ban v. 禁止,用法拓展,ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事,place / put.under a ban 禁止,ban sth 取缔;查禁某物,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)Fox hunting used to be popular in Boxing Day. But now it .,节礼日猎狐活动在过去十分受欢迎,但现在已被取缔。,(2)He attending the meeting.,他被禁止出席该会议。,【答案】(1)is banned (2)was banned from,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,forbid和ban,forbid意为“禁止”,是这两个词中较普通的词。如果我们指一般意 义上的“禁止某人做某事”,就要用forbid sb to do sth。,ban意为“禁止”,在这两个词中语气较强,指权威机关“正式禁止 ”,这种禁止可以是正面的,也可以是反面的。,His parents .,他的父母不准他喝酒。,Bicycles the new motorway.,自行车禁止通行于新建的快车道。,【答案】(1)forbid him wine (2)are banned from,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012山东青岛高三教学质量检测) The leader, the rule un- fair for women, suggested it .,A.finding; banned B.to find; banned,C.found; to be banned D.finding; be banned,【答案与解析】D 考查动词用法。句意:这个领导发现这则条例 对女性不公平,所以他建议取缔。第一个空考查的是用现在分词作 定语。主语和find是主谓关系,所以使用现在分词。第二个空考查,suggest后接宾语从句应使用虚拟语气。条例应该是被取缔, 所以使 用了被动语态,完整的宾语从句应该是it should be banned,其中 should可省略。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.quit v. 停止;离开,用法拓展,quit something 离开,quit doing something 停止做某事,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1) rubbish.,别胡说八道了。,(2)Its almost five oclock; .,快5点了,该下班了。,【答案】(1)Quit talking (2)time to quit,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,词汇辨析,quit和stop,quit 的同义词是stop,但是用法上有差别。,quit 后接现在分词。,stop可接不定式和现在分词。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(1)(2012山东泰安一中复习检测)Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people smoking.,A.quit B.decline,C.depart D.reserve,【答案与解析】A 考查动词辨析。句意:医生正在做当人们戒烟 后身体发生变化的研究。decline“下倾;下降;下垂”;depart“离开; 起程”;reserve“储备;保存;预约”,均不符合题意。根据句意且主 语是人可知是停止吸烟,故选quit“停止”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)(2012山东枣庄高三月考)Whether ways will be found to help China the current world financial crisis is just worries the public.,A.prevent; that B.survive; what,C.forbid; that D.quit; what,【答案与解析】B 考查动词和表语从句。句意:能否找到方法解 决中国当前的经济危机是民众都担心的问题。survive the current world financial crisis 意为“从当前的经济危机中幸存下来”。what 在这里连接的句子是表语从句。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.effect n. 效果;效力;作用,have an effect on 对有影响,take effect开始实行;开始生效,come into effect生效;实施,bring / carry sth into effect使生效,in effect正在实行;实际上,without effect没有效果,be of no effect 无效果的,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)They researched on of cigarette smoking.,他们探讨了吸烟的后果。,(2)The medicine,your disease.,这药对你的病很有效。,【答案】(1)the effects (2)had a great effect on,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,affect和effect,affect 是及物动词,表示“影响;(病)侵袭”,多指不好的影响。effect 表示“影响”时,是名词,常用于have an effect on等短语中。,真题探究,(2010浙江) It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.,A.that B.what,C.how D.whether,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,【命题分析】考查主语从句。,【答案与解析】B 句意:尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药,但 是,它会带来怎样的副作用还不确定。side effect意为“副作用”,还 原主语从句中的主干就是the medicine will bring about side effect。故选择what,形容词“什么样的”,起修饰作用。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,4.ashamed adj. 感到羞耻的;内疚的;惭愧的,be ashamed of (doing) sth / sb为做某事而感到惭愧,be ashamed of oneself某人为自己而感到惭愧,be ashamed to to do sth因惭愧而不情愿做某事或因尴尬而勉强做某事,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)She having failed in the examination.,她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。,(2)She tell anyone that she had fallen in love with him.,她羞于告诉任何人自己爱上了他。,【答案】(1)was ashamed of (2)was ashamed to,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012河北阜城二中月考)She felt of having asked such a sil- ly question when the audience couldnt help laughing.,A.guilty B.crazy,C.miserable D.ashamed,【答案与解析】D 考查形容词辨析。句意:她为自己问了一个那 么傻乎乎的问题而感到羞愧,当时的观众都忍不住笑了。这里考查 的是be ashamed of“对感到羞愧”。 guilty“内疚的”; crazy,“疯狂的”; miserable“痛苦的”,不合题意。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,5.risk vt. 风险,risk doing sth 冒某事的危险,at risk 处于危险之中,at all risks 无论冒什么险;无论如何,at ones own risk 由自己负责;自担风险,run / take a risk / risks 冒风险,at / run the risk of doing sth 冒着的危险,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)He also and put into prison.,他还冒了被逮捕和被关押的风险。,(2)Rose to find her only child.,罗斯冒着生命危险去寻找她唯一的孩子。,(3)He saved my life (losing) his own.,他冒着生命危险救了我的命。,【答案】(1)risked being arrested (2)risked life (3)at /running the risk of,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,真题探究,(2011江苏) The fact that so many people still smoke in public places we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.,A.suggest B.suggests,C.suggested D.suggesting,【命题分析】考查主谓一致。,【答案与解析】B 句意:很多人在公共场所还吸烟的事实表明我 们也许需要在全国范围来一场运动以便提高人们对吸烟危害的认 识。本句的主语为the fact, that so many people still smoke in public places是其同位语从句。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012河北海兴中学高三模拟) The soldier risked down by the car to save that girl.,A.knocking B.to knock,C.to be knocked D.being knocked,【答案与解析】D 考查risk的用法。句意:那位军人冒着被车撞的 危险去救那个女孩。risk后要接名词或v-ing形式,此处又是被动关 系,所以D项正确。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,6.judgment n. 审判;裁判;判决;判断;鉴定;评价,sit in judgment on a case 开庭审案,on my own judgment按自己的判断,in ones judgment 按的看法,show good judgment in在某方面判断力很强,judge sb / sth 对下判断,judge that-clause/wh-clause 判断;认为,judge it + (to be) + adj./n.认为是,judging from / by. 根据来判断(作插入语),晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)I acted .,我按自己的判断行事。,(2) , we should do it.,按我的看法,我们应该做这件事。,(3) , he must be an honest man.,从他说的话来判断,他一定是个诚实的人。,【答案】(1)on my own judgment (2)In my judgment (3)Judging from what he said,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,单项填空,(2012山西太原高三月考) the best in a recent science compe- tition, the three students were awarded scholarships 21,000 dollars.,A.Judged; totaling,B.To be judged; totaled,C.Having judged; to total,D.judging; would total,【答案与解析】A judge的逻辑主语是the three students,说明这三 个学生是被评为最佳学生,所以应该使用过去分词作状语表示原因 。第二个空考查的是现在分词作后置定语,total意为“总计达”,所 以不能使用过去分词作后置定语。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,1.due to 因为;由于,经典例句,(1)Our happy childhood is due to our fathers hard work.,我们幸福的童年应归功于父亲的辛勤工作。,(2)His success is entirely his mother.,他的成功完全归功于他的母亲。,(3)Her worldwide fame is his support.,她名扬四海应归功于他的支持。,(4)A power failure, a break in the cable, brought the whole town to a standstill.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,电缆断裂造成的停电使整个城镇处于瘫痪状态。,(5) the extreme cold, we were unable to plant the trees.,由于天气太冷, 所以我们无法植树。,【答案】(2)due to (3)due to (4)due to (5)Due to,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,词汇辨析,due to, because of, thanks to和owing to,due to用于较庄重的书面语中,侧重“起因于”,在句中多作表语,有 时作状语。,because of 着重某种原因的理由,在句中通常作状语。,thanks to 突出一种感激之情,含“多亏”意味。,owing to可以和due to换用,但在句中多作状语,也可作表语。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,即时训练,(1)用以上短语的适当形式完成句子,我的成功是由于你的帮助。,My success is your help.,由于交通堵塞,我赶不上航班。,a traffic hold-up, I missed my flight.,由于交通堵塞,我赶不上航班。,I missed my flight a traffic hold-up.,your help, I succeeded.,多亏了你的帮助,我成功了。,【答案】due to Owing to because of Thanks toX,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is ideal. We have to work still harder.,A.next to B.far from,C.out of D.due to,【答案与解析】B 考查介词短语。句意:到目前为止我们为打造 低碳经济已经做了很多努力,但是这 。我们还要继续努力 。题目中的ideal是指“完美的;理想的”,far from ideal“离完美还 很远;远远不够”,far from一般加名词或者形容词,“离很远;达,不到状态”。 next to“靠近”,意义相反。out of“出于”,相 当于with; due to后面一般跟名词,“由于”,相当于because of。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,2.in spite of虽然;尽管仍,经典例句,(1)I went out in spite of the rain.,尽管下雨我还是出去了。,(2) great efforts we failed to carry our plans through.,尽管我们做出了巨大努力,还是没能完成计划。,(3) my efforts to calm down it, the baby continued crying.,尽管我已尽力哄这婴儿,可是他还是哭个不停。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(4)Jim and Mary seem suited to each other,their quarrels.,吉姆和玛丽虽然常争吵,可两人看起来很相配。,【答案】(2)In spite of (3)In spite of (4)in spite of,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,in spite of, despite和although,in spite of = despite(较正式),表让步关系,后接名词或名词短语。,although也表让步关系,引导让步状语从句。,即时训练,(1)用以上短语的适当形式填空, the bad things hes done, I still believe in his es- sential goodness.,尽管他做了坏事,我仍然相信他本性是善良的。, he is in his eighties, he still leads an active life.,尽管年过八旬,他依旧过着一种忙碌的生活。,【答案】In spite of / Despite Although,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)单项填空,(2012高考冲刺训练题) The open-air celebration has been put off the bad weather.,A.in case of B.in spite of,C.instead of D.because of,【答案与解析】D 考查介词短语。句意: 天气不好,露天 庆祝会已经被推迟。in case of“以防;万一”; in spite of“尽管;不 顾”; instead of“代替”,不合题意。because of“由于;因为”,符合 题意。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,3.get into陷入;染上(坏习惯);使从事某职业;对产生兴趣;使陷入 (困境),用法拓展,get / fall into the habit of = form the habit of养成习惯,get into trouble惹上麻烦,get into debt负债累累,get into a temper大发脾气,get into deep water陷于困境,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,经典例句,(1)The girl has got into the habit of playing with her hair while reading.,那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。,(2)Lots of my friends are Green Politics.,我的许多朋友开始对绿色政治感兴趣。,(3)Dont let yourself bad habits.,别让自己染上恶习。,【答案】(2)getting into (3)get into,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,真题探究,(1)(2011四川)To get a better grade, you should the notes a- gain before the test.,A.go over B.get over,C.turn over D.take over,【命题分析】考查动词短语辨析。,【答案与解析】A 句意:为了取得更高的分数,在考试之前你应该 复习笔记。go over“复习;重温”; get over“克服”; turn over“翻 身;翻转;移交给”; take over“接管”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(2)(2010浙江) After that, he knew he could any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.,A.get away with B.get on with,C.get through D.get across,【命题分析】考查动词短语辨析。,【答案与解析】C 句意:经过那件事之后,他明白了他能尽一切可 能去顺利解决任何突发情况。get through“接通;顺利通过;完成”, 符合语境。get away with“侥幸逃脱”;get on with“与友好相 处”; get across“被理解;越过”。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up. 你妈妈告诉我,你不久前开始 吸烟了,而且你发现现在很难把它戒掉。,本句中含到了此句型中的make后接形式宾语it的复合结构,其 中it是形式宾语,通常代替不定式,动名词或从句。基本句式为make it + adj. / n.+ to do / that.常用于此结构的动词还有:find, think, con- sider, make, feel, take等,构成:find / think / consider / make / feel it + adj. +to do sth。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,Gesture makes it easy for audience to understand his speech.手势使得 听众更容易理解他的演讲。,I dont think it necessary to bring a Chinese-English dictionary when traveling to Britain.我认为到英国去旅行没必要带汉英字典。,He thinks it his duty to help others.他认为帮助别人是他的职责。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,(1)他把每天早晨六点起床作为制度。,(2)我们发现很难按时到那里。,【答案】(1)He made it a rule to get up at 6:00 every morning.X,(2)We find it difficult to arrive there on time.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,真题探究,(2011山东)The two girls are so alike that strangers find dif- ficult to tell one from the other.,A.it B.them,C.her D.that,【命题分析】考查重点句型。,【答案与解析】A 句意:这两个女孩是那么相似,陌生人很难将她 们区分开来。当不定式在feel, find, make, think, consider等动词后, 如果宾语带有宾语补足语,人们常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语 放在宾语补足语之后。,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,用it, that, this或one完成句子,代词,1.The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.,2.I hate when people talk with their mouths full.,3.The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.,4.I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,5.I saw no more than one motor-car in that shop. Will you go and buy ?,No, Id rather find in other shops.,6.I want to know : Has Mr Jones been here the whole morn- ing?,7.It is what you do rather than what you say matters.,8.Did you find your pen yesterday?,No, I didnt find . But Ive bought .,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,9.Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I cant find a repair shop.,I know nearby. Come on, Ill show you.,10.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come,from or who you are.,【答案】1.it 2.it 3.it 4.it 5.it; one 6.this,7.that 8.it; one 9.one 10.that,晨背精品,基础优化,知识盘点,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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