资源描述
,1conclude vt.& vi. 断定，推断；使结束，终止；达成，缔结 归纳拓展 (1)conclude sth.(from sth.)/conclude (from sth.) that.推断出，断定 conclude sth.with/by doing sth.以结束 to conclude (作插入语)最后(一句话),(2)conclusion n结束；结论 in conclusion最后，总之 arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论 come to the conclusion that.所得结论是 (3)conclusive adj.确定的，最后的；决定性的 These are facts; what do you conclude from them? 这些都是事实，你能从中得出什么结论？ The man concluded his speech with a saying. 那个人用一句谚语结束了他的演讲。,After waiting for half an hour，I concluded that he wouldnt come at all.等了半小时后，我得出结论，他不会来了。 Hable reached the conclusion that the universe was expanding.哈勃得出结论说宇宙在不断膨胀。,【链接训练】 _，Id like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying in your beautiful country. ATo conclude BTo include CIn the conclusion DAs conclusion 【解析】 to conclude用于结束发言，表示“最后”。 【答案】 A,We cant _ whether a child is clever or stupid from his (her) points in an examination. Aconduct Bnotice Cunderstand Dconclude 【解析】 conclude.from “从中推断出”，其他选项与题意不符。句意为：我们不能从一个孩子的一次考试分数中推断出他(她)是聪明还是迟钝。 【答案】 D,2defeat vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 n. 失败(同 failure)；输 同类辨析 defeat，beat与win 这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同。 (1)defeat 和 beat 其宾语必须是“人或一个团体”，如 a team，a class，a school，an army 等。 defeat 还侧重指“在战场上打败敌人”，beat 常用于游戏或比赛中，但在实践中两词常替换使用。 (2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，常带的宾语有game，war，prize，fame，battle 等。 win 还可作不及物动词用。,The problem has defeated me and I cannot solve it. 这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。 The party faces defeat in the election. 这个政党面临选举失败。 We beat/defeated them at football match yesterday. 在昨天的足球赛上，我们击败了他们。 We won the football game yesterday. 我们赢了昨天的足球赛。,【链接训练】 用 defeat，beat，win 完成句子 He _ all his opponents in the election. They are always _ but never beaten. The enemys plot was _ very soon. We wouldnt have _ without your help. Mary _ first prize for swimming. 【答案】 defeated/beat defeated defeated won won,3attend vt.&vi.照料，护理(病人)；出席，参加 归纳拓展 attend school/a lecture/church 上学/听讲座/去教堂 attend (at) a wedding/meeting出席婚礼/参加会议 attend (on/upon) sb.伺候某人；照顾某人 attend to处理，注意，专心于；照料,Attend to your work and stop talking. 专心工作，不要再说话了。 Everyone in the office was expected to attend the meeting. 办公室每一个人都必须出席会议。 The doctor attended (on/upon) the sick.医生照看病人。 Could you attend to this matter immediately? 你能不能立刻处理这件事？,【链接训练】 Would you like to _ us in celebrating Johns return from Africa tonight? Id like to，but I have to _ a meeting. Ajoin；attend Battend；join Ctake part in；attend Djoin；join in 【解析】 join sb. in doing“加入某人做”；attend meeting“参加会议”。句意为：你今晚想和我们一起庆祝约翰从非洲回来吗？我很想，但是我得参加一个会议。 【答案】 A,4expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 归纳拓展 (1)expose sth./sb./oneself (to sth.)显露或暴露某事物/某人/自己 (2)exposed adj.(指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的 be exposed to暴露于 (3)exposure n暴露，显露；揭露，揭发,Travelling abroad exposes children to different languages and cultures. 国外旅游使孩子们接触到不同的语言和文化。 This medicine is not to be exposed to sunlight. 这种药物不可以暴露在阳光下。 The film has been exposed. 这胶卷已经曝光了。,【链接训练】 What made your skin look so terrible? _ to the sunlight for a long time. ABecause it was exposed BAfter being exposed CBeing exposed DExposed 【解析】 考查v.ing形式作主语。从语境可以看出，答语是用来代替what来充当主语的，因此答案为C。 【答案】 C,5cure n. C治愈；疗法；对策 vt. 治愈(疾病)；治疗；纠正；去除(弊端等) 归纳拓展 a cure for.的一种治疗法；一种解决的方法 cure sb.of sth.治愈(其主语可以是医生也可以是某种药)；消除某人的忧虑；矫正某人的不良行为 The doctor found a new cure for this disease. 医生找到了这种病的新疗法。 The medicine should cure you of your cold. 这药应该能治好你的感冒。 Parents try to cure their children of bad habits. 父母想办法纠正孩子们的坏习惯。,同类辨析 cure 与 treat (1)cure 指“治愈疾病，消除痛苦，戒除恶习、弊端、嗜好”等，强调结果。常与of连用。 (2)treat 只指“治病，医治”，强调治疗的动作或医治的过程，不涉及治疗的效果如何。常与for连用。 The doctors are trying their best to treat her with a new drug for her strange disease. 医生们正尽力用一种新药为她治疗奇怪的病。,诱导展望 与 cure sb.of sth.结构类似的动词短语还有： remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事 rob sb.of sth.抢了某人某物 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 accuse sb.of sth.指控/控告某人某事,【链接训练】 Although this medicine can cure you_your illness，it has a bad effect_you. Afor；in Bfor；on Cof；on Dof；at 【解析】 考查固定搭配。cure sb. of sth.“治愈某人某病”；have a bad effect on“对产生不良影响”。 【答案】 C,6suspect vt.怀疑 n嫌疑犯 adj.可疑的 归纳拓展 (1)suspect sb.of(doing)sth.认为某人有(做)之嫌疑 suspect sb.to be.怀疑某人是 suspect that怀疑 (2)a suspect of.(罪的)嫌疑犯 (3)suspicion n怀疑 under suspicion of.被怀疑干了 suspicious adj.怀疑的，疑神疑鬼的 be suspicious of.怀疑,They suspect him of murder. They suspect him to be murderer. They suspect that he committed a murder. 他们认为他有杀人嫌疑。 I suspected him of deliberately forgetting his purse. 我怀疑他故意忘了他的钱包。 The policeman is questioning a suspect. 那个警察正在审讯一名嫌疑犯。,【链接训练】 The man_of shooting 6 school children was caught by Beijing police，the Xin Hua News Agency reported on Friday. Abeing suspected Bsuspecting Csuspected Dto be suspected 【解析】 句意为：星期五新华社报道说北京警方抓住了涉嫌射杀6名学童的凶手。suspect vt.“怀疑”；suspect sb. of.“认为某人有之嫌疑”。suspect与所修饰的the man之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。 【答案】 C,7blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于 n过失；责备 归纳拓展 (1)be to blame 对某事应负责任、应受责备(不用被动语态) blame sb.for (doing) sth.因责怪/责备某人 blame.upon/on.把归咎于 (2)accept/take/bear the blame for sth.对某事负责任 place/put/lay the blame on sb.for sth.将某事归咎于某人,Which driver was to blame for the accident? 这起事故该由哪位司机负责？ He blamed his brother for breaking the window. 他责备他兄弟打破了窗玻璃。 She blamed the failure of their marriage on him. 她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。 We were ready to take the blame for what had happened. 我们愿对所发生的事情负责。,【链接训练】 The water was left running all night long. Yes.It seemed that John _.He was the last one to leave the lab. Awas to be blamed Bwas to blame Chad been blamed Dshould be blamed 【解析】 当表达“对(坏事，错事)负有责任”时，其结构为be to blame (for sth.)，且此短语不用于被动语态。 【答案】 B,Not I but Tom _ the car accident. Awas to blame for Bwere to blame for Cwas blamed for Dwere blamed for 【解析】 考查 not.but.连接主语时，主谓搭配要符合就近原则，be to blame 结构不用被动语态。综上，可知答案为A。 【答案】 A,8announce vt. 宣布；宣告，发表；(尤指通过广播)通知 归纳拓展 (1)announce sth.(to sb)向某人宣布、通告某事 announce that.通知，宣称 It is announced that.据宣布 (2)announcement n. 通告，宣告，通知；声明 make an announcement发布通知，声明 (3)announcer n. 播音员,They announced their engagement to the family. 他们向家里宣布他们已经订婚了。 We are pleased to announce that all five candidates were successful.我们高兴地宣布，五位候选人全都当选。 It was announced that new speed restrictions would be introduced.据宣称将有新的限速规定出台。 Keep silent，I have an announcement to make. 请安静，我有个通告要宣布。,同类辨析 announce 与 declare (1)announce 指首次正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。 (2)declare 指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”立场或态度等，侧重当众发表，多用于宣战、议和、判决等。 (3)announce不接双宾语，即不可说announce sb.sth.，而declare后可跟复合宾语。 He was declared innocent.他被宣布无罪。,【链接训练】 Everyone was silent as he _ the winner of the competition. Asaid Bknew Cannounced Dtold 【解析】 句意为：当他宣布比赛获胜者名字的时候，全场鸦雀无声。此处announce表“宣布”之意。 【答案】 C,9contribute vt.贡献出；捐款；投稿 vi.捐款；投稿；促成 归纳拓展 (1)contribute.to.把贡献给 contribute to (to/towards为介词)为作贡献；把(时间)投入；给投稿；有助于；是的原因之一 (2)contributor n投稿者；捐助者 contribution n贡献；捐献物；捐助；稿件 make a contribution to/towards (to/towards为介词)为作出贡献,The writer personally contributed $5,000 to the earthquake fund. 那位作家个人捐赠了5 000美元给地震基金会。 Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to lung cancer.吸烟是导致肺癌的主要因素。 He often contributes to this newspaper. 他经常向这家报社投稿。 He made a very positive contribution to the overall success of the project. 他对项目的全面成功作了非常积极的贡献。,【链接训练】 Everyone is encouraged to _ food or clothing for those who suffered a great deal in the big earthquake. Aconstruct Bcontribute Csupply Ddistribute 【解析】 contribute food or clothing “捐献食物或衣服”。distribute 意为“分配，分发”；supply意为“提供，供应”，常用 supply sth.to sb.结构。construct 意为“建造”，三者均与题意不符，故被排除。 【答案】 B,It is said that driving after drinking_thousands of traffic accidents every year. Aresults from Bcontributes to Cdevotes to Dlies in 【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：据说每年酒后驾车造成了成千上万的交通事故。contribute to“有助于，导致”，符合题意。result from“起因于，由造成”；devote to“献身于，致力于”，常用于devote oneself to sth.；lie in“在于，位于”。均与题意不符，故答案为B项。 【答案】 B,重点短语与句型 1put forward (1)提出(建议等) (2)推荐某人或自己任职；提名 (3)将提前；把(钟表指针)顺拨 归纳拓展 put away 放好；积蓄 put back放回；拨回 put down 写下来；记入名单；结束；抑制 put off 耽误；延期；推迟,put an end to.结束 put on 穿上；增加；演出 put out 熄灭；扑灭 put through 做成；达到成功的终点；接通电话 put up 建立；建造；张贴，公布；留某人过夜 put up with 忍受,The committee put forward a proposal to reduce the time limit.委员会提出了一项建议来减少时间限制。 May I put your name forward as chairman of the committee？我能否提名你当委员会主席？ Weve put forward the date of our wedding by one week. 我们将婚礼日期提前了一周。 Put your watch forward.Its five minutes slow. 把你的表拨快点，你的表慢了五分钟。,【链接训练】 He is feeling down because the suggestion that he _ at the meeting yesterday has been turned down. Alooked into Bcame up Cbrought up with Dput forward 【解析】 根据语境，应是昨天所提的建议遭到拒绝。D项“提出(问题、建议等)”符合句意。A项“调查”不符合句意；B项缺少with；C项with多余。 【答案】 D,You can take anything from the shelf，but please _ them _ when youve finished with them. Aput；on Bput；down Cput；back Dput；off 【解析】 考查 put 短语。put. back “把放回原处”；put on “穿衣服；穿上；增加”；put down “写下来；列入名单”；put off“延期，推迟”。句意为：你可以从架子上拿任何东西，但当你用完之后请把它们放回原处。 【答案】 C,2apart from除之外(还有)；此外(相当于besides)；除之外(别无)(相当于except/except for) 同类辨析 besides，except，except for，apart from，other than与but (1)besides“除了之外(还有)”，有肯定的附加意义，表示在整体中加上一部分，除去的部分包括在内，是包容关系。,同类辨析 (2)except“除了没有”，表示在整体中减去一部分，是排除关系。前后名词性质相同。 (3)except for意为“除之外”，用于引述细节以修正和补充句子的主要意思。前后名词性质不同。 (4)apart from具有多重意义，既可表示besides，也可表示except或except for。 (5)other than的含义与except和but相同，都表示从总体中除去一部分。,(6)but常同everyone，anyone，everything，anything等不定代词，nobody，none，nowhere等否定词连用，后面可以是名词、介词短语、不定式等，其后接动词不定式时，如果前面有do或can not，不定式不带to，其余情况带to。 There will be five of us for dinner，besides John. 除约翰外，我们中还有五个人要一起吃饭。 诱导展望 besides还可用作副词，表“除此之外”，相当于in addition。,Besides，I want you to promise me one thing. 另外，我要你答应我一件事。 Your compositions are well written except Toms. 除了汤姆的作文外，你们的作文都写得很好。 Your composition is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.除了几处拼写错误外，你的作文写得很好。 I think you have a real artistic gift apart from this defect. 除了这个缺陷外，我觉得你确实有艺术天赋。 What do you like doing apart from (besides) swimming？除了游泳你还喜欢做什么？,They were given nothing other than dry bread and water for their evening meal. 只给了他们些干面包和水作为晚饭，其他什么也没有。 Everyone was there but him.除了他之外，所有人都在那儿。 I can do nothing but stay here. 我什么都不能做，只得呆在这儿。,【链接训练】 I was surprised to see wild flowers in Alaska. Many people think there is nothing there_ice and snow. Abeside Brather than Capart from Dregardless of 【解析】 答句句意为：许多人认为那里除了冰雪之外什么也没有。apart from“除之外(别无)”，相当于except for。 【答案】 C,What do you think of the newlydesigned mobile phone? It_well_its high price. Asells；except for Bsells；but Cis sold；except for Dis sold；besides 【解析】 sell well意为“畅销”；根据句意可知，除了价格高之外，这款手机销路很好，因为其后面接的内容与前面提到的事物不是同类的，故选择except for，表示对事物总体上的肯定，局部的否定。 【答案】 A,3make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通 归纳拓展 make sense of理解，明白 make no sense没有道理；没有意义 in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说 in no sense决不是，绝非 There is no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理/没有必要 a sense of humor/direction幽默感/方向感,She doesnt talk much，but what she says makes sense. 她讲话不多，但言之有理。 Can you make sense of what he said? 你能听懂他说的话吗？ In a sense，learning the law is like learning a new language. 在一定意义上，学习法律就像学习一门新的语言。 Theres no sense in talking to him any more.Youre wasting your breath. 没必要再跟他说了。你这是在白费口舌。,【链接训练】 The explanation in the report doesnt _，because the numbers are wrong. Amake sense Bmake a difference Cmake clear Dmake way 【解析】 考查短语辨析。make sense“有意义”；make a difference“有作用，有影响”；make clear“清楚说明”；make way(for sb./sth.) “给让路”。根据语境应是因数据不正确，所以解释没有意义，故选A项。 【答案】 A,The boy tried to read his fathers letter，but he couldnt _ of it. Athink Bmake sense Cunderstand Dmake out 【解析】 make sense of “理解，明白”，是固定短语。think of “想想”，understand 不与 of 连用。make out “辨认出，理解，明白”，后面直接跟宾语。 【答案】 B,4Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。 only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句且位于句首，为了加强语气，句子用不完全倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词 be 放在主语之前。 Only then did I realize the mistakes I had made. 只有在那时我才意识到我所犯的错误。 Only in this way can we solve the problem. 只有通过这种方式，我们才能解决这个问题。,Only when the war was over in 1945 was he able to get back home.只有在1945年战争结束他才回到家。 诱导展望 (1)only 修饰状语从句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 (2)only 加主语放在句首时，句子不倒装。 Only the boy himself knows what he is going to be. 只有这男孩本人知道他的前途。 (3)not only.but also.连接两个分句时，not only 放于句首，第一个分句用部分倒装。 Not only did he come but also gave me some advice. 他不仅来了而且给了我一些建议。,【链接训练】 Only after you have reached eighteen _ the army. Ayou can join Byou can join in Ccan you join Dcan you join in 【解析】 only修饰状语从句置于句首，句子要用部分倒装，排除A项和B项；又因为 join in 后接活动，故选C。 【答案】 C,过去分词作定语和表语 过去分词是动词的一种非限定形式，兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，可以在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。 一、作定语 1单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语一般放在所修饰的词的前面；过去分词短语作定语一般放在所修饰的词的后面，相当于一个(从句谓语为被动或完成时的)定语从句。被修饰的词是分词所表示的动作的承受者；在逻辑上它们是动宾关系。,China is not a developed country.中国还不是发达国家。 Last Monday our class went on an organized trip to a forest to study the wildlife.(organized triptrip which was organized) 上星期一，我们班进行了一次有组织的旅行，到森林里去研究野生动植物。 2过去分词、动词不定式的被动式和动词ing形式的被动形式都可作定语，但表示的时间概念不同。过去分词表示已经完成的行为，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用；动词ing形式的被动式表示正在进行的被动行为，可以和 now 连用；动词不定式的被动式往往表示即将进行的行为，可以和表示将来的时间状语连用。,The problem discussed at yesterdays meeting is very important.昨天会上讨论的问题很重要。 The problem being discussed now is very important. 正在讨论的问题很重要。 The problem to be discussed at tomorrows meeting is very important.明天会上即将讨论的问题很重要。 3并非所有的定语从句都可以改为过去分词短语或动词的ing 形式。 Do you know anything about that accident which happened yesterday？关于昨天发生的事故你知道些什么吗？,注意：上句不能改成about the accident happened yesterday，因为 happen 是不及物动词，happened在此句中只有完成意义，而无被动意义。同时也不能改成about the accident happening yesterday，因为happening表示主动、进行的意思，此句只有主动意义，而无正在发生之意，状语 yesterday 表示发生过的完成的动作。 4过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义(或已完成的被动动作)；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。,(1)表示被动和完成 the broken glass打碎了的杯子 (2)只表示完成不表示被动 fallen leaves落叶 二、作表语 1过去分词作表语时，与系动词构成系表结构，强调逻辑主语所处的状态，而被动语态强调动作由谁完成，怎样完成。 The cup is broken.杯子破了。(系表结构) The cup was broken by him.杯子被他打破了。(被动语态),The children were very excited at the news that we were going to take them to the zoo. 孩子们听到我们要带他们去动物园的消息都兴奋不已。 The story was so exciting that the children couldnt fall asleep all night. 这个故事太令人兴奋了，孩子们听后整夜都不能入睡。 注意：ed结尾的形容词有时也可用来修饰look，expression，eyes，voice等词，这些词本身就是人的情感的体现。 Alice read the letter with a puzzled expression on her face.艾丽丝脸上带着一种迷惑的表情读了这封信。,【链接训练】 Different opinions about where to build the chemical works arise at the meeting _ now. Aheld Bbeing held Cto be held Dholding 【解析】 由提示词 now 可知会议正在进行，而 meeting 与 hold 之间为被动关系，故应使用现在分词的被动形式。 【答案】 B,After the heavy rain，many cars got _ in the mud. Acatch Bcatching Ccaught Dbeing caught 【解析】 “get过去分词形式”是近年来常出现的考点。get 相当于 be，强调结果。 【答案】 C,The Town Hall _ in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time. Ato be completed Bhaving been completed Ccompleted Dbeing completed 【解析】 句意为：建立于19世纪初的市政厅是当时最与众不同的建筑。据句意知The Town Hall后需加后置定语，根据in the 1800s可知已完成，故选C。 【答案】 C,Five people won the “Chinas Green Figure” award，a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. Abeing given Bis given Cgiven Dwas given 【解析】 考查过去分词短语作后置定语。A项表示被动动作正在进行，不合句意。由句式结构可知，后半部分title作句中宾语的同位语，不是一个句子，不能用谓语动词形式，B项不合句意。C项符合句式结构，given短语修饰title，相当于which was given。由句子的结构可知，后半部分应为短语，不是句子，故不能用谓语动词形式。D项不合句意。 【答案】 C,It is _ to travel by air than by water. Aa lot more excited Bmuch exciting Ca lot more exciting Dmuch more excited 【解析】 exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，主语多为物。excited意为“感到兴奋的”，主语多为人，据此，本题应用exciting。另外，由于是两者间进行比较，所以exciting应用比较级形式，并用a lot来修饰。 【答案】 C,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
展开阅读全文