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Now,letsmakesomesentences,1.我看了这部电影。2.她把信寄出去了。3.Tom在那里？他去了图书馆。4.我们去过北京两次。5.我们打扫了教室。6.他们吃了早餐。,Letsreview!,现在完成时(第一层含义）1.含义2.结构3.现在分词变化规则:规则/不规则4.句型转换5.标志词,现在完成时（第二层含义）,IlivedinWuweitenyearsago.IhavelivedinWuweifortenyears.IhavelivedinWuweisincetenyearsago.IstudiedEnglishtenyearsago.IhavestudiedEnglishfortenyearsIhavestudiedEnglishsincetenyearsago.,现在完成时第二层含义表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状态,一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去(也可能到此结束）Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。Hehaskeptthelittledogsincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直养着这只小狗。,现在完成时的第二层含义只适用于延续性动词延续性动词：studylearnsleeplivesingdanceswimteachkeepplay,现在完成时第二层含义标志词,1.for+时间段2.since+时间点(年/月/日+ago或者具体年份)fortenyears=sincetenyearsago,现在完成时不能单独与准确时间状语连用，（如表示过去的时间状语）如twohours,threedays,lastweek,fourhoursago等，除非与for,since连用,Letspractice.,1.她们已经跳了两个小时了。2.自从十年前，他就开始教语文了。（taught）3.他已经睡了12个小时了。（slept）4.自从2年前，我妈妈就养了这只小狗。（kept）5.我们已经在这里工作了5年。6.这场雨已经持续了2小时。（lasted),Grammar：现在完成时,Iboughtthebookfivedaysago.Ihaveboughtthebook.Ihaveboughtthebookforfivedays.Ihavehadthebookforfivedays.Ihavehadthebooksincefivedaysago.Tips:buy这个动作从“开始发生”到“结束/终止”,几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如几秒钟/几分钟内）就完成了“开始结束”的过程，这样的动词我们叫做短暂性动词。所以，“我买了这块手表5年了”，在汉语中说的通，但英语中就必须用相应的延续性动词来替换。,现在完成时中常见的非延续性动词非延续性动词：buyborrowdieleavebegin/startcome/gofinish这些动词不能和for.sincehowlong连用与for和since连用时，要把它们变成相应的延续性动词-（buy买了）had（borrow借了）kept（start/begin开始了）beon（leave离开了）beaway(from)（come来到某地.）behere（go去某地.）bethere（die死了）bedead(finish结束.)beover,forsince.,1.我买这本书三年了。(1).Iboughtthebookthreeyearsago.(2)Ihavehadthebookfor3years.(3)Ihavehadthebooksince3yearsago.Howlonghaveyouhadthebook?2.他借这本书两个月了（1）Heborrowedthebooktwomonthsago.(2）Hehaskeptthebookfor2months.(3)Hehaskeptthebooksince2monthsago.Howlonghashekeptthebook?3.李梅离开济南一年了.(1)LiMeileftJinanoneyearago.(2)LiMeihasbeenawayfromJinanforoneyear.(3)LiMeihasbeenawayfromJinansince1yearago.HowlonghasLiMeibeenawayfromJinan?,会议开始20分钟了。(1)Themeetingbegan20minutesago.(2)Themeetinghasbeenonfor20minutes.(3)Themeetinghasbeenonsince20minutes.Howlonghasthemeetingbeenon?,Marry的祖父去世三年了。(1）Marrysgrandfatherdied3yearsago.(2)Marrysgrandfatherhasbeendeadfor3years.(3)Marrysgrandfatherhasbeendeadsince3yearsago.HowlonghasMarrysgrandfatherbeendead?,Tom_forseveralhours.A.wenttobedB.hasbeeninbedC.hasgonetobedD.hasbeentobed2.Howlonghaveyou_thiscity?A.beentoB.beeninC.cometoD.goneto3.Myaunt_theTVfor4months.A.hasboughtB.wasboughtC.washadD.hashad4.MrBrown_thecarfor3months.A.boughtB.hadboughtC.hashadD.buys5.Theoldman_fortwodays.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.diedD.dies,6.Mysisterhas_for8years.A.becomeadriverB.leftthecityC.arrivedinthecityD.livedhere7.Howlonghaveyou_?A.joinedtheteamB.becomeateamleaderC.beenintheteamD.lefttheteam8.Youarelate.Thefilm_for10minutes.A.hasbegunB.hasbeenonC.hasfinishedD.hasstarted9.Howlonghasshe_thenewspaper?A.borrowB.lendC.keptD.buy,
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