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Chapter6TheAdventuresofTomSawyer,深圳市大望学校谢小兆老师,Speaking,Makedialoguesaboutstorybooksinpairs.,S1:Excuseme.Doyoulikereadingstorybooks?S2:Ofcourse.Ienjoyreadingstorybooksverymuch.Whataboutyou?S1:Metoo.Well,howmanyEnglishstorybookshaveyouread?S2:Ihavereadabout20famousstorybooks,suchasCinderella,TheThreeLittlePigs,LittleUglyDuckandsoon.,S1:Whichonesdoyoulovebest?Canyoutellmethenamesofthebooksandtheirauthors?S2:Mmh,HarryPotterandCinderellaaremyfavouritestorybooks.TheauthorsareJ.K.RowlingandWaltDisney.S1:WherecanweborrowEnglishstorybooks?S2:Wecanborrowthemfromschoollibrary.,S1:Wherecanwebuythem?S2:Youdbettergotothebookcentertobuythem.Thereareplentyofstorybooksforyoutochoose.S1:DoyouhaveanyEnglishstorybooksathome?S2:Ofcourse.S1:CanIborrowthem?S2:Certainly.Youcanhavewhatyouwant.S1:Thankyouverymuch.S2:Itsmypleasure.,Wordsobtain获得;赚得,measurev.测量n.措施；方法takemeasures采取措施Thesellerismeasuringthelengthofthecustomerstrouser.,失业男人theumemployed,政府已答应采取措施来帮助失业者。Thegovernmentpromisedtotakemeasurestohelptheunemployed.,Grannyisjoyful.Aftersheheardthegoodnews,shesmiledwithjoy.Herfaceisfullofjoy.,AWhatdoyouknowabout?,ThestoryonthenextpageissetinasmalltowninthemiddleoftheUSAinthe1830s.Lookatthepicturesbelow.WhichofthesethingsdidpeoplehaveintheUSAatthattime?,在19世纪30年代,在那时,Thegun_isholdinthemanshandsisa_.,backinthe1830s,riflen.步枪,来复枪,rifle,that/which,MyGod!Whatisthemonster_isfloatingintheriver?,steamboat,汽船,that/which,backinthe1830s,The_that/whichthefarmersdriveisusedtocarryfood.,cartn.运货马车，手推车,cart,Reading,Lookatthetitleandscanthestoryonthenextpage.Thenanswerthesequestions.1.Thisstorycomesfromabook.Whatisthenameofthebook?2.Whatisthenameofthewriter?3.Howlongandhighwasthefence?,BFindthefacts,TheAdventuresofSawyer.,MarkTwain.,Itwasthirtyyardslongandthreeyardshigh.,4.WhatdidTomgetthatday?5.WhatwasthenameofTomsaunt?,Tomgotanapple,akite,twelvemarblesandacake.,Polly.,Readthroughthepassageagaintoanswerthefollowingquestions.,1.WhywasTomSawyerunhappyonSaturdaymorning?2.WhatdidBengiveTomforachanceofpainting?,Becausehisauntaskedhimtopaintthefence.,BengaveTomanapple.,3.TomgaveBenhisbrushwithworryonhisfacebecause_.A.hewastryingtofoolBen.B.hedidnotwantBentopaintthefence.C.hewasafraidofBen.D.helovedpaintingthefenceverymuch.4.WecantellfromthestorythatTom_.isahardworkingboy.isanhonestboy.isacleverboy.isabad-temperedboy.,A,C,C11.c2.a3.c4.c5.a6.c7.c8.b,C21.begged2.passedby3.while4.joy5.heart,CFindthemeanings,D11.a2.b3.b4.a5.b6.b,D21.Thefence.2.Painting(thefence).3.Tomswords.4.Bensapple.,DReadandthink,LanguagePoints,ImportantPhrases,1.encouragesb.todosth.2.abookcalledTheAdventuresofTomSawyer3.paintthefence4.have/ealong8.makefunofsb.9.pickup10.goswimming,鼓励某人做某事一本名叫汤姆历险记的书漆围墙不得不做某事30码长3码高出现；一道走取笑某人=laughatsb.拾起去游泳,ImportantPhrases,11.getachance12.goondoingsth.13.getinterestedin(doing)sth.14.afterawhile15.dosomepainting16.halfof17.inonesheart18.passby19.gettired20.so+adj./adv.+that+clause,获得一次机会继续做某事=continuedoingsth.对感兴趣过一会儿（不久）上漆；作画一半在某人的心里经过；路过感觉疲备如此以致于,1.Joycewantedtoencouragestudentstoreadmorefamousbooks.Joyce想鼓励同学们多读名著。encouragev.鼓励；鼓舞;促进encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.insth.在方面鼓励某人Myparentsoftenencouragemetostudyhard.Dontencouragehiminlaziness.Wemustencourageherinherstudies.,2.OnSaturdaymorning,everyboyintownwashappy,exceptTomSawyer.周六早上,镇上的每个男孩都兴高采烈的,除了TomSawyer.except除之外(介词)比较:besides,except,exceptforIhavesomeotherfriendsbesidesLily.(除之外(还有)EveryoneishereexceptTom.(除了之外(没有)Heisagoodfatherexceptforbadtemper.(除去(部分),3.Hesanghappily,withanappleinonehand.他欢快地哼着小曲,手里还拿着一个苹果。withanappleinonehand表示一种伴随状态with的复合结构经常用于表示某人或某物的行为方式或伴随情况。1)with+名/代+形容词Helefttheroomwiththedooropen.Donttalkwithyourmouthfull.2)with+名词/代词+副词Withtheradioon,Grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.,3)with+名词/代词+动词的过去分词Themanstoodtherewithhishandscrossed.4)with+名词/代词+动词不定式Withthisbooktohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkfaster.5)with+名词/代词+介词短语Theteachercameintheclassroomwithabookinherhand.,4.Oh,butyouhavetowork,dontyou?噢，但是你不得不干活，不是吗？反意疑问句：可用来确定自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。结构：前面肯定后面否定，前面否定后面肯定Heisgoinghomebyplane,_he?Theywenttothemovies,_they?Everythingseemsallright,_it?,isnt,didnt,doesnt,4.Oh,butyouhavetowork,dontyou.噢，但是你不得不干活，不是吗？反意疑问句：可用来确定自己的判断，获取真实的信息，还可以用来表示惊讶、愤怒等感情。结构：前面肯定后面否定，前面否定后面肯定Heisgoinghomebyplane,_he?Theywenttothemovies,_they?Everythingseemsallright,_it?,isnt,didnt,doesnt,注意祈使句的反意疑问句：Letsmeetattheschoolgate,_?Letusmeetattheschoolgate,_?Pleasedontplayfires,_?,shallwe,willyou,willyou,5.Tomwentonpainting.汤姆继续刷漆。goondoingsth.=goonwithsth.继续做同一件事goontodosth.继续做另一件事Afterarest,wewentonhavingourlessson.=Afterarest,wewentonwithourlesson.,stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来做另一件事goondoing继续做同一件事goontodo继续做另一件事,1.Stop_andlistentotheteacher.talkB.totalkC.talkingD.talked2.Afterawhile,hewenton_.A.paintingB.topaintC.paintedD.paints,3.Mrs.WangisanEnglishteacher,_?4.MissZhengwillneverforgetherfirstvisittoCanada,_?5.Dontsmokeinthemeeting-room,_?6.Heknewhewasright,_?7.Hedoesntthinkitisagoodidea,_?,isntshe,willshe,willyou,didnthe,isit,Summary,OnSaturdaymorning,everyboyintownwashappy,_TomSawyer.Tomsauntsaidhehadto_thefence.Tompaintedasmallcorner,andbegantotakearestunderatree.Soontheboys_werefreecamealongand_him.Thenhehadawonderfulidea.Hepickeduphisbrushandwentbacktowork.Justthen,BenRogers_theroad.Hesanghappily,_anappleinonehand.HemadefunofTom.TOmsaiditwasfuntopaintthefence.Benwasgettingmoreandmoreinterested.,except,paint,who,madefunof,camealong,with,Afterawhile,heaskedTomtolethimdosomepainting.TomrefusedhimbysayingImtheonlyone_candoitright.BenbeggedforalongatimeandpromisedtogiveTomhalfofhisappleandthenallofit.AtlastTomgaveBenhisbrushwith_onhisfacebut_inhisheart.Allday,boys_andwantedtopaint.Bytheafternoon,Tomhadmanytoys,andthefencehadthreecoatsofpaint.AuntPollywaspleasedtoseethepaintedfenceandgaveTomalargecake!,that,worry,joy,passedby,Language,Relativeclauseswithwho,thatandwhich,who,that,which引导的定语从句（AttributiveClauses）,relativeclausesaboutpeoplestartwithwhoorthat.,Soontheboyswho/thatwerefreewouldcomealongandmakefunofhim.Imtheonlyonethatcandoitright.Imetawomanwho/thatcanspeaksixlanguage.,Imetawoman.Shecanspeaksixlanguages.,she,who/that,Imetawomanwho/thatcanspeaklanguage.,ThatisLangLang.Heplaysthepianoverywell.,he,who/that,ThatisLangLangwhoplaysthepianoverywell.,HeisXiaoShenyang.Heisacrosstalkperformer.,HeisXiaoShenyangwho/thatisacrosstalkperformer.,he,who/that,Canyouseethelittlegirl?Sheisstealingthewomanscellphone.,She,who,Canyouseethegirlwhoisstealingthewomanscellphone?,Thesectionthat/whichwaspaintedwassosmall.HegaveTomakitethat/whichhelikedforachancetopaintthefence.,relativeclausesaboutthingsstartwithwhichorthat.,Jimwaswearingahat.Itwastoobigforhim.,it,which/that,Jimwaswearingahatthat/whichistoobigforhim.,Ilovethecar.Itlooksveryfunny.,it,which/that,Ilovethecarwhich/thatlooksveryfunny.,Thesearepolicedogs.Theyhelppoliceseizethecriminal.,they,which/that,Thesearepolicedogswhich/thathelppoliceseizethecriminal.,Iwanttohavethislaptop.Itcosts6,000yuan.,it,which/that,Iwanttohavethislaptopwhich/thatcosts6,000yuan.,AnswersA2theonlyone3akiteB1who/that2which/that3who/that4which/that5who/that6which/that,C1.S1Whatsthisthing?S2Itscalledanelectriclight.S1Whatdoesitdo?S2Itsathingwhich/thatgivesyoulightatanytime.S1Thatsamazing!2.Itscalledacar.Itsamachinewhich/thatcancarryyoualmostanywhere.,3Itscalledatelephone.Itsathingwhich/thatletsyoutalktopeoplefaraway.Itscalledalift.Itsathingwhich/thatcarriesyouupordowninabuilding.5Itscalledahelicopter.Itsamachinewhich/thatfliesintheair.,D21S1Whosthis?S2ThisisTomSawyer.HestheboyWhowasinthegraveyardwithHucklebgerryFinn.2S1Whosthis?S2ThisisHUckleberryFinn.HestheboywhoisTomsbestfriend.3S1Whosthis?S2ThisisHorseWilliams.Hesthemanwhodiedafewdaysago.,D24S1Whosthis?S2ThisisDoctorRobinson.Hesthemanwhowaskilled.5S1Whosthis?S2ThisisMuffPotter.Hesthemanwhowasknockedoutbythedoctor.6S1Whosthis?S2ThisisInjunJoe.Hesthemanwhokilledthedoctor.,Practice,Completethesentencesbelowwiththerelativepronounswhoorwhich.,1.Heisthepreson_helpedme.2.Thatsthecomputer_brokedown.3.Werenotthestudents_wonthethebad-mintonmatch.4.Itsthedog_livesinourblockofflats.5.Theyrethesocks_areonsalethisweek.6.Hestheperson_iswaitingforataxi.7.Thisisthetrian_goestoShenzhen.8.Thisthetheroad_leadstotheBookCity.,who,which,who,which,which,who,which,which,Jointhesentencesbelowwithwhoforpeopleandwhichforanimalsandthings.Deleteanyunnecessarywords.,Forexample1.Novemberisamonth.Itisoftencoolandsunny.Novemberisamonthwhichisoftencoolandsunny.,2.MayandJunearethegirls.TheyplaybadmintoneverySaturdayandSunday.3.Thisisacat.Ithadafightwithanothercat.4.Thisistheteacher.HeteachesGradeNine.,MayandJunearethegirlswhoplaybadmintoneverySaturdayandSunday.,Thisisacatwhichhadafightwithanothercat.,ThisistheteacherwhoteachesGradenine.,5.Thatistheshop.Itsellscheapcomputersoftware.6.TVCisthetelevisionchannel.Itshowsthenewsat9:30p.m.,Thatistheshopwhichsellscheapcomputersoftware.,TVCisthetelevisionchannelwhichshowsthenewsat9:30p.m.,定语从句（AttributiveClauses）,在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词即先行词。Soontheboyswho/thatwerefreewouldcomealongandmakefunofhim.定语从句通常在先行词之后,由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who,that,which,whom,whose。关系副词有：when,where,why.,定语从句总表,关系代词作用先行词例句that,who主语Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatwhom(宾语)宾语人iswearingaredcoat?表语Idontknowthegirlwho/thatwhomyouarewaitingfor.that主语Shecantfindthepenthat/whichwhich宾语物Ilenttoher.表语Theschoolthat/whichwevisitedisverybeautiful.Thesectionthatwaspaintedwassosmall.,定语从句总表,关系代词作用先行词例句whose谁的定语人/物Theboywhosemotherisabusinesswomanstudiesveryhard.Thehousewhosewindowisisredismine.when=onwhich状语时间Istillrememberthedaywhenwefirstmet.where=状语地点Thisisthefactorywheremyin/atwhichfatherworks.why=状语原因Doyouknowthereasonwhyheforwhichwaslate?,Difficulties难点1.Ifoundthepurse_therewasalotofmoney.A.thatB.whichC.inthatD.inwhich,解题步骤:1.理解句意,确定先行词2.分析先行词在从句中充当的成分并确定答案,2.Thecastle_wevisitedlastweekisverybeautiful.A.thatB.inwhichC.whereD.inthat,therewasalotofmoneyinthepurse(地点状语),wevisitedthecastle(宾语),Difficulties难点3.Janelivesintheflat_windowsarebroken.whichB.wherec.thatD.whose4.Theboy_fatherisaworkerstudiesveryhard.,5.WangShiisanestatebusinessman_lovesclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which6.Themanto_InoddedisProfessorLi.,theflats(定语)windowsarebrokentheboys(定语)fatherisaworker,thebusinessman(作主语)lovesclimbingInoddedtotheman(作宾语)介词+whom,whom,7.Iamtheonlyone_candoitright.8.Thisisthebestfilm_Ihaveeverseen.9.All_isneededisasupplyofoil.10.Takecareoftheboyandthedog_arecrossingthestreetl.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom11.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice.A.WhichB.whatC.whateverD.that12.Whoisthewoman_wastalkingtoMissLi?A.heb.thatC.whomD.which,只能用that的情况:1.先行词是不定代词all,everything,nothing,anything,much,little,few等时2.先行词被all,every,any,no,littlemuch修饰时3.先行词被序数词及最高级修饰时4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thelast修饰时5.当有两个或两个以上表示人和物的先行词时6.主句以who,what,which开头的特殊疑问句时,that,that,that,8.InthestreetImetthescientist_gaveusatalklastweek.heB.whichC.whoD.what9.Thatstheonlything_cantbeforgotteninmylife.thatB.whichC.whoD./10.NewYork,_Ivisitedlastyear,isanicecity.A.whichB.wherec.whenD.it,
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