专业八级之主谓一致.ppt

主谓一致,八级改错辅导,一.主语后有以alongwith,aswellas,except,inadditionto,insteadof,ratherthan,togetherwith,with,like,but,nolessthan等引起的介词短语或其他从属结构时，动词的数不受影响。,JennieaswellasWilliamandMarywasinmourning.2.Mybrotherratherthanmyparentsisgoingtoattendthemeeting.,二.主语受each或every修饰时，动词用单数形式。注意，如果前面有each或every,即使主语包含几个名词，动词也用单数形式。1.Eachseatwascoveredwithwhitelacecover.2.Eachbookandmagazineislistedonthecardcatalog.,但如果each用在复数名词或代词后做主语的同位语时，动词要用复数形式。,Theyeachplayseveralinstruments.,三.Each,either,(a)littlemuch,neither,one等做主语时，一般和单数动词连用,Eachofushasacompanycar.Ivetriedonbothdresses,butneitherfitsme.Eitheroftheplansisequallydangerous.Muchofthetimewaswasted.Littleremainstobedoneaboutit.,改错,Morethanonepersonisinvolvedinthisthing.Manyafamouspopsingerhavebeenruinedbydrugs.Manyafamouspopsingerhavebeenruinedbydrugs.has,练习,Itbecamenecessarytoinvolveeveryman,womanandchildwho_(was,were)willingtohelp.Thepresident,aswellashisassistants_(has,have)leftforWashington.Thepresenceofstonesandgravelontheriverbed_(suggests,suggest)thewaterisfastflowing.,Itbecamenecessarytoinvolveeveryman,womanandchildwho_(was,were)willingtohelp.Thepresident,aswellashisassistants_(has,have)leftforWashington.Thepresenceofstonesandgravelontheriverbed_(suggests,suggest)thewaterisfastflowing.,练习,Neitheroftherooms_(is,are)verybig,butbothofthem_(isare)coolandairy.Neitheroftherooms_(is,are)verybig,butbothofthem_(isare)coolandairy.Noonebutmyself_(knows,know)whatreallyhappened.Noonebutmyself_(knows,know)whatreallyhappened.,练习,Eitheroftheyoungladies_(is,are)perfectlyqualifiedtoteachEnglish.Eitheroftheyoungladies_(is,are)perfectlyqualifiedtoteachEnglish.Manyaboy_(learns,learn)toswimbeforetheycanread.Manyaboy_(learns,learn)toswimbeforetheycanread.,练习,Theplanecrashedshortlyaftertake-off,andeveryoneonboard,includingthepilotandhiscrewmates,_(was,were)killed.Theplanecrashedshortlyaftertake-off,andeveryoneonboard,includingthepilotandhiscrewmates,_(was,were)killed.,改错,Mr.Black,accompaniedbyhiswifeandhisdaughters,arearrivingtonight.Mr.Black,accompaniedbyhiswifeandhisdaughters,arearrivingtonight.is,改错,Theproblemwithbothoftheseproposalsarethattheyarehopelesslyimpractical.Theproblemwithbothoftheseproposalsarethattheyarehopelesslyimpractical.is,四.therebe存在句，遵照就近原则,Thereareadozenreasonswhyweshouldsupportthisaction.Therewasasofaandtwochairs.另外，由here引导的句子，形式上与therebe句型要求一样HerecomesJohn.HereisthepoundIoweyou.,五.有些复数名词，如cattle,people,police,poultry,clergy等复数名词后接复数动词,ThepeoplesofAfricaareawakening.Poultryischeaperthanmeatatthemoment.Thepoultryhavebeenfed.另外，某些形容词或分词前面加了定冠词后，可泛指一类人，后用复数动词。Theunemployedarelosinghope.,练习,Thewounded_(was,were)removedfromthefieldafterthebattle.Thewounded_(was,were)removedfromthefieldafterthebattle.Somecattle_(was,were)peacefullygrazingbetweentheforestandtheriver.Somecattle_(was,were)peacefullygrazingbetweentheforestandtheriver.,六.有些名词看上去是复数，其实是单数，如news,upstairs及一些学科名词。,Thereisntmuchnewsintodaysnewspaper.Theupstairsofthishouseisallnew.Thequickestmeansoftravelisbyplane.Allmeanshavebeentriedouttoincreasetheproduction.另外，means可作财产讲，要用复数动词Hermeansaresmall.,TheUnitedStatesisabigcountry.类似的有联合国（theUnitedNations），荷兰(theNetherlands)。Eighthoursofsleep_(is,are)enough.Eighthoursofsleep_(is,are)enough.Fifteenmiles_(is,are)alongwaytowalk.Fifteenmiles_(is,are)alongwaytowalk.表示时间，金钱，距离等数量或数额的名词短语，虽然形式上是复数，但通常把他们看成一个整体，用单数动词。,练习,News_(is,are)cominginfromAustraliathatstormshavecausedagreatdealofdamagealongtheeastsideofthecountry.News_(is,are)cominginfromAustraliathatstormshavecausedagreatdealofdamagealongtheeastsideofthecountry.,练习,Theethicsofhisaction_(is,are)doubtful,buttechnicallyheiswithinthelaw.Theethicsofhisaction_(is,are)doubtful,buttechnicallyheiswithinthelaw.Thefirstcrossroads_(forms,form)acheckpointwheretheyasktoseeourpassports.Thefirstcrossroads_(forms,form)acheckpointwheretheyasktoseeourpassports.Atthebottomofthehillthere_(is,are)somedangerouscrossroads.Atthebottomofthehillthere_(is,are)somedangerouscrossroads.,七.表示服装和其它穿戴的复数名词（glasses,jeans,overalls,shorts,pants,spectacles,trousers等），指工具和其他器物的复数名词（clippers,compasses,scissors,pliers），后跟复数动词。,Therestandsapairofscalesonthetablebythewindow.Twopairsofpliers,onelargeandonesmall,aremissingfromthetoolbox.这些名词的数通常由单位词pair(s)of来表示，此时所随动词的数要与单位词一致。注意：如果动词出现在随后的关系从句中，仍要用复数形式。Heworeapairofblacktrousers,whichwerealittletoolongforhim.,练习,Thispairofscissors_(is,are)notstrongenoughtocutthroughthewire.Thispairofscissors_(is,are)notstrongenoughtocutthroughthewire.Heworeapairofearphones,which_(was,were)pluggedintoatape-recorder.Heworeapairofearphones,which_(was,were)pluggedintoatape-recorder.,八.一些表示数量的词，如：allof,anyof,enoughof,halfof,alotof,mostof,noneof,plentyof,someof,theremainderof,therestof可与可数名词，不可数名词或代词连用。此时，动词数要与of后的名词或代词一致。表示分数或百分数的结构，如：twothirdsof,tenpercentof；表示“许许多多”的结构如：“massesof,heapsof,pilesof,tonsof,loadsof”也依此规则。但是：amountsof,quantitiesof后通常随复数动词，尽管of后是不可数名词。如：Verylargequantitiesofaidwereneeded.,改错,AseriesofdebatesbetweenthemajorcandidateswerescheduledfortheLaborDayweekend.AseriesofdebatesbetweenthemajorcandidateswerescheduledfortheLaborDayweekend.wasThissetofbookscostoverahundredofdollars.Thissetofbookscostoverahundredofdollars.costs,注意：由单位词加of构成的词组，如：amassof,aloadof,aheapof,apileof,aportionof,aseriesof,asetof,astackof等引起主语时，动词通常用单数。如果单位词为复数，随后的动词也用复数。Twoloadsofgravelhavejustarrived.,改错,Inordertopromotethesales,largeamountsofmoneyhasbeenspentonadvertising.Inordertopromotethesales,largeamountsofmoneyhasbeenspentonadvertising.haveLoadsofsandweredumpedbytheroadsidesothattherewashardlyanyspacefortwocarstopass.Loadsofsandweredumpedbytheroadsidesothattherewashardlyanyspacefortwocarstopass.was,九.由or或eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso连接的并列结构，谓语动词遵照就近原则。Heorhisbrothersweretoblame.Neitheryounorheiswrong.Allhistimeandmoneyhasbeenwasted.注意：由and连接的两个不可数名词前带限定词all时，随后的动词用单数。,十.以不定式,动名词短语或从句做主语时，随后的动词通常用单数形式。Toclimbmountainsrequirescourage.Playingchessisoneofmyinterests.Whatcausedtheaccidentandwhowasresponsibleforitarenotyetclear.Hismuscleswerewastingaway,andwhatwereleftwereflabby.,Heisoneofthosewhoalwayscomefirst.Hewastheonlyoneofthemwhowaswillingtohelp.在“oneof+关系从句”结构中，one的前面有the(only)，动词要用单数。,练习,Wateringtheflowersandlookingafterthechildren_(is,are)allshehastodoeveryday.Wateringtheflowersandlookingafterthechildren_(is,are)allshehastodoeveryday.Sittingandtalkingtooldfriends_(is,are)apleasantwaytospendanevening.Sittingandtalkingtooldfriends_(is,are)apleasantwaytospendanevening.,练习,NeithermywifenorImyself_abletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.A.hasbeenB.isC.areD.am,Hisfamily_allverykindandfriendly.Hisfamily_ahappyone.A.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.is,are,Thechildreninthisclasseach_newbooks.A.haveB.hasC.hasgotD.arehaving,Thenumberofthestudentsinouruniversity_12000.A.isB.areC.hasD.have,改错,TheEnglishspeakerhasathisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings.,TheEnglishspeakerhasathisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings.enable,改错,Thewaysinwhichuniversitiesmakethemselvesattractivetostudentsincludesoftmajors,studentevaluationsofteachers,givingstudentsagovernancerole,andeliminaterequiredcourses.,Thewaysinwhichuniversitiesmakethemselvesattractivetostudentsincludesoftmajors,studentevaluationsofteachers,givingstudentsagovernancerole,andeliminaterequiredcourses.eliminating,Thankyou,