定语从句之翻译句子篇.doc

_ 定语从句之翻译句子篇中翻英(10题)1.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。2.他们寄给我的书非常好。3.二战后日本的目标一直很明确，其生产力与社会和谐度令美国和欧洲羡慕。4.正如人们常常指出的，知识是一把双刃剑，可以用于造福，也同样可以用来为害。5.如此努力的学生一定会成功的。6.人们不应该像如今这样担心患上癌症。7.在文学作品里，过去与现实交汇，共同思考未来。8.大约从20世纪80年代初以来公众就不再这么认为了，当时法庭开始让更多的公司对消费者的不幸负责。9.他可能要迟到，如果是这样，我们就应该等等他。10.语言就如同一座城，每个人都在为它的建造添砖加瓦。译文1. He laughs best who laughs last.点拨：本句who引导的定语从句来修饰he, he是先行词，由此可见先行词可以是一个词。2. The book which they sent to me is very good.点拨：本句的先行词为The book，指物，因此定语从句由which引导，也可以用that 替换。3. Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe.点拨：该句是whose引导的定语从句来修饰Japan，这里whose相当于Japans。其中的aimlessness 和hardly表否定，双重否定就是肯定，同学们在阅读和翻译的时候一定要注意。4. As is so often point out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil.点拨：本句中as指代后面的完整主句knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil。as引导的非限制性定语从句在句中的位置很灵活，可以位于句首，句中或者句末。同时本句还有which引导的定语从句来修饰knowledge。5. Such a student as works hard will be sure to succeed.点拨：本句中a student为先行词，前面有such修饰，as引导限制性定语从句。但是在这样的情况下as只能用在一些固定结构中，如such.as., the same.as.。6. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than exists in the public mind today.点拨：本句是than引导的定语从句，其中than指代anxiety，在从句中作主语，定语从句han exists in the public mind today表示的是存在人们心中的anxiety,不是cancer或risk。7. Literature is the place where the past meets the present to contemplate the future.点拨：本句的先行词the place表示地点，where在从句中充当地点状语（定语从句中不缺主语或者宾语）。用where引导定语从句，其先行词通常是表示地点的名词，如place,house等。8. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers misfortunes.点拨：本句中先行词是表示时间的the early 1980s，所以后面接的的关系副词when。用when引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句时，其先行词是表示时间的名词，如day,year,time等。9. He may be late, in which case we should wait for him.点拨：which引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰前面的整个句子，这里的in which case由短语in this case变过来，这里which指前面整个句子he may be late这件事。10. Language is a city, to the building of which every human being brought a stone.点拨：which引导的定语从句修饰city，关系词which前面有to the building of这一复杂成分，这里的to是与动词brought搭配的。-可编辑修改-