项目管理英文术语

.英文术语汉语翻译Accept验收Acceptance验收Acceptance Criteria验收标准Acquire Project Team Process获取项目团队Activity活动Activity Attributes Output/Input活动属性Activity Code活动编码Activity Definition Process活动定义Activity Description （AD）活动描述Activity Duration活动历时Activity Duration Estimating Process活动历时估算Activity Identifier活动标识符Activity List Output/Input活动列表Activity-on-Arrow （AOA）AOA、双代号法Activity-on-Node （AON）AON、单代号法Activity Resource Estimating Process活动资源估算Activity Sequencing Process活动排序Actual Cost （AC）实际成本Actual Cost of Work Performed （ACWP）已执行工作的实际成本Actual Duration实际历时Actual Finish Date （AF）实际完成日期Actual Start Date （AS）实际开始日期Analogous Estimating Technique类比估算Application Area应用领域Apportioned Effort （AE）分配的工作量Approval批准Approve批准Approved Change Request已批准的变更请求Arrow箭线Arrow Diagramming Method （ADM）箭线图As-of Date截止日期Assumptions Output/Input假设Assumptions Analysis Technique假设分析Authority职权Backward Pass逆向推算Bar Chart Tool条形图（甘特图）Baseline基线Baseline Finish Date基线完成日期Baseline Start Date基线开始日期Bill of Materials （BOM）材料单Bottom-up Estimating Technique自底向上估算Brainstorming Technique头脑风暴Budget预算Budget at Completion （BAC）完工预算Budgeted Cost of Work Performed （BCWP）已执行工作的预算成本Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled （BCWS）计划工作的预算成本Buffer缓冲Buyer买方Calendar Unit日历单位Change Control变更控制Change Control Board （CCB）变更控制委员会Change Control System Tool变更控制系统Change Request变更请求Chart of Accounts Tool账目图表Charter章程（宪章）Checklist Output/Input检查单Claim索偿、索赔Close Project Process结项（结束项目）Closing Processes Process Group结束（收尾）过程Code of Accounts Tool账目编码Co-location Technique同地办公Common Cause共同原因Communication沟通Communication Management Plan Output/Input沟通管理计划Communications Planning Process沟通规划Compensation补偿Component部（组）件Configuration Management System Tool配置管理系统Constraint Input约束（条件）Contingency意外、应急情况Contingency Allowance应急余量Contingency Reserve Output/Input应急储备Contract Output/Input合同Contract Administration Process合同管理Contract Closure Process合同终止/收尾Contract Management Plan Output/Input合同管理计划Contract Statement of Work （SOW） Output/Input合同工作说明书Contract Work Breakdown Structure （CWBS） Output/Input合同工作分解结构Control Technique控制Control Account （CA） Tool控制帐目Control Account Plan （CAP） Tool控制账目计划Control Chart Tool控制图Control Limits控制范围Controlling控制Corrective Action纠正措施Cost成本Cost Baseline成本基线Cost Budgeting Process成本预算Cost Control Process成本控制Cost Estimating Process成本估算Cost Management Plan Output/Input成本管理计划Cost of Quality （COQ） Technique质量成本Cost Performance Index （CPI）成本绩效系数Cost-Plus-Fee （CPF）成本加附加费Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee （CPFF） Contract成本加固定附加费合同Cost-Plus-Incentive-Fee （CPIF） Contract成本加奖励合同Cost-Plus-Percentage of Cost （CPPC）成本加成本比率合同Cost-Reimbursable Contract成本偿还合同Cost Variance （CV）成本偏差Crashing Technique压缩、赶工Create WBS （Work Breakdown Structure） Process创建工作分解结构Criteria准则/标准Critical Activity关键活动Critical Chain Method Technique关键链法Critical Path Output/Input关键路径Critical Path Method （CPM） Technique关键路径法Current Finish Date当前结束日期Current Start Date当前开始日期Customer顾客、客户Data Date （DD）数据时期Date时期、日期Decision Tree Analysis Technique决策树分析Decompose分解Decomposition Technique分解Defect缺陷Defect Repair缺陷修复Deliverable Output/Input可交付物Delphi Technique Technique德尔菲技术Dependency依赖关系Design Review Technique设计评审Develop Project Charter Process制定项目章程Develop Project Management Plan Process制定项目管理计划Develop Project Scope Statement （Preliminary） Process制定项目范围说明书（初步）Develop Project Team Process项目团队建设Direct and Manage Project Execution Process指导和管理项目执行Discipline学科、专业Discrete Effort离散工作量Document文档Documented Procedure总结并记录下来的流程Dummy Activity虚活动Duration （DU or DUR）历时Early Finish Date （EF）最早结束时间Early Start Date （ES）最早开始时间Earned Value （EV）挣值Earned Value Management （EVM）挣值管理Earned Value Technique （EVT） Technique挣值技术Effort工作量Enterprise企业Enterprise Environmental Factors Output/Input企业环境因素/事业环境因素Estimate Output/Input估算Estimate at Completion （EAC） Output/Input完工估算Estimate to Complete （ETC） Output/Input完工尚需估算Event事件Exception Report异常报告Execute执行Executing执行Executing Processes Process Group执行过程Execution执行Expected Monetary Value （EMV） Analysis期望货币值分析Expert Judgment Technique专家判断Failure Mode and Effect Analysis （FMEA） Technique失效模式和影响分析Fast Tracking Technique快速跟进Finish Date结束日期Finish-to-Finish （FF）结束-结束Finish-to-Start （FS）结束-开始Firm-Fixed-Price （FFP） Contract固定总价合同Fixed-Price-Incentive-Fee （FPIF） Contract固定价格加奖励合同Fixed-Price or Lump-Sum Contract固定价格或总额合同Float浮动时间Flowcharting Technique流程图Forecasts预测、预想Forward Pass正向推算、正推法Free Float （FF）自由浮动时间Functional Manager职能经理Functional Organization职能型组织Funds资金Gantt Chart甘特图Goods货物、物品、商品Grade等级Ground Rules Tool基本规则、条例Hammock Activity集合活动Historical Information历史信息Human Resource Planning Process人力资源规划Imposed Date强制日期Influence Diagram Tool影响图Influencer有影响力的人Information Distribution Process信息发布Initiating Processes Process Group启动过程、开始过程Initiator发起人Input Process Input输入Inspection Technique审查Integral整体（构成整体所必须的）Integrated整体的Integrated Change Control Process整体变更控制Invitation for Bid （IFB）邀标书Issue问题、争端Knowledge知识Knowledge Area Process知识域过程Knowledge Area， Project Management知识域、项目管理Lag Technique滞后Late Finish Date （LF）最迟结束时间Late Start Date （LS）最迟开始时间Latest Revised Estimate最新修订的估算Lead Technique超前Lessons Learned Output/Input经验教训Lessons Learned Knowledge Base经验知识库Level of Effort （LOE）投入水平Leveling平衡Life Cycle生命周期Log日志Logic逻辑Logic Diagram逻辑图Logical Relationship逻辑关系Manage Project Team Process管理项目团队Manage Stakeholders Process管理项目干系人Master Schedule Tool主进度表Materiel物资Matrix Organization矩阵型组织Methodology方法论Milestone里程碑Milestone Schedule Tool里程碑进度Monitor监督Monitor and Control Project Work Process监督和控制项目工作Monitoring监督Monitoring and Controlling Processes Process Group监督和控制过程Monte Carlo Analysis蒙特卡洛分析Near-Critical Activity近关键路径/次关键路径Network网络Network Analysis网络分析Network Logic网络逻辑Network Loop网络循环Network Open End网络开放端Network Path网络路径Networking Technique人际网Node节点Objective目标、目的Operations（日常）运营Opportunity机会Organization组织Organization Chart Tool组织图Organizational Breakdown Structure （OBS） Tool组织分解结构Organizational Process Assets Output/Input组织过程财富/组织过程资产Original Duration （OD）初始历时Output Process Output输出Parametric Estimating Technique参数式估算Pareto Chart Tool帕累托图Path Convergence路径会聚Path Divergence路径发散Percent Complete （PC or PCT）完成百分率Perform Quality Assurance （QA） Process执行质量保证Perform Quality Control （QC） Process执行质量控制Performance Measurement Baseline绩效测量基线Performance Reporting Process绩效报告Performance Reports Output/Input绩效报告Performing Organization执行组织Phase阶段Plan Contracting Process计划签约Plan Purchases and Acquisitions Process计划购买和获取Planned Finish Date （PF）计划结束时间Planned Start Date （PS）计划开始时间Planned Value （PV）计划值Planning Package计划包Planning Processes Process Group计划过程Portfolio投资组合Portfolio Management Technique投资组合管理/项目组合管理Position Description Tool职（岗）位描述Practice惯例Precedence Diagramming Method （PDM） Technique前导图法Precedence Relationship前导关系Predecessor Activity前置活动Preventive Action预防措施Probability and Impact Matrix Tool概率和影响矩阵Procedure流程Process过程Process Group过程组Procurement Documents Output/Input采购文档Procurement Management Plan Output/Input采购管理计划Product产品Product Life Cycle产品生命周期Product Scope产品范围Product Scope Description产品范围描述Program大型项目Program Management大型项目管理Program Management Office （PMO）大型项目管理办公室Progressive Elaboration Technique渐进明细Project项目Project Calendar项目日历Project Charter Output/Input项目章程Project Communications Management Knowledge Area项目沟通管理Project Cost Management Knowledge Area项目成本管理Project Human Resource Management Knowledge Area项目人力资源管理Project Initiation项目启动Project Integration Management Knowledge Area项目整体管理Project Life Cycle项目生命周期Project Management （PM）项目管理Project Management Body of Knowledge （PMBOK）项目管理知识体系Project Management Information System （PMIS） Tool项目管理信息系统Project Management Knowledge Area项目管理知识域Project Management Office （PMO）项目管理办公室Project Management Plan Output/Input项目管理计划Project Management Process项目管理过程Project Management Process Group项目管理过程组Project Management Professional （PMP）项目管理专业人员Project Management Software Tool项目管理软件Project Management System Tool项目管理系统Project Management Team项目管理团队Project Manager （PM）项目经理Project Organization Chart Output/Input项目组织章程Project Phase项目阶段Project Process Groups项目过程组Project Procurement Management Knowledge Area项目采购管理Project Quality Management Knowledge Area项目质量管理Project Risk Management Knowledge Area项目风险管理Project Schedule Output/Input项目进度Project Schedule Network Diagram Output/Input项目进度网络图Project Scope项目范围Project Scope Management Knowledge Area项目范围管理Project Scope Management Plan Output/Input项目范围管理计划Project Scope Statement Output/Input项目范围说明书Project Sponsor项目出资人Project Stakeholder项目干系人Project Summary Work Breakdown Structure （PSWBS） Tool项目概要工作分解结构Project Team项目团队Project Team Directory项目团队名录Project Team Members项目团队成员Project Time Management Knowledge Area项目时间管理Project Work项目工作Projectized Organization项目型组织Qualitative Risk Analysis Process定性风险分析Quality质量Quality Management Plan Output/Input质量管理计划Quality Planning Process质量规划Quantitative Risk Analysis Process定量风险分析Regulation规章Reliability可靠性Remaining Duration （RD）剩余历时Request for Information征集资料/信息Request for Proposal （RFP）方案征集书Request for Quotation （RFQ）报价请求Request Seller Responses Process请求卖方回应Requested Change Output/Input已申请的变更Requirement需求Reserve预留Reserve Analysis Technique预留分析Residual Risk残余风险Resource资源Resource Breakdown Structure （RBS）资源分解结构Resource Calendar资源日历Resource-Constrained Schedule受限于资源的进度Resource Histogram资源图Resource Leveling Technique资源平衡Resource-Limited Schedule资源受限的进度Resource Planning资源计划Responsibility Assignment Matrix （RAM） Tool职责分配矩阵Result成果、结果Retainage保证金Rework返工Risk风险Risk Acceptance Technique风险接受Risk Avoidance Technique风险规避Risk Breakdown Structure （RBS） Tool风险分解结构Risk Category风险类别Risk Database风险数据库Risk Identification Process风险识别Risk Management Plan Output/Input风险管理计划Risk Management Planning Process风险管理规划Risk Mitigation Technique风险缓解Risk Monitoring and Control Process风险监督和控制Risk Register Output/Input风险登记表Risk Response Planning Process风险响应规划Risk Transference Technique风险转移Role角色Rolling Wave Planning Technique滚动式计划Root Cause Analysis Technique根本原因分析Schedule进度、进度表Schedule Activity进度活动Schedule Analysis进度分析Schedule Compression Technique进度压缩Schedule Control Process进度控制Schedule Development Process进度制定Schedule Management Plan Output/Input进度管理计划Schedule Milestone进度里程碑Schedule Model Tool进度模型Schedule Network Analysis Technique进度网络分析Schedule Performance Index （SPI）进度绩效指数Schedule Variance （SV）进度偏差Scheduled Finish Date （SF）计划结束时间Scheduled Start Date （SS）计划开始时间Scope范围Scope Baseline范围基线Scope Change范围变更Scope Control Process范围控制Scope Creep范围蔓延Scope Definition Process范围定义Scope Planning Process范围规划Scope Verification Process范围验证S-CurveS曲线Secondary Risk二次风险Select Sellers Process卖方（供方）选择Seller卖方、供方Sensitivity Analysis敏感度（灵敏度）分析Service服务Should-Cost Estimate理想成本估算Simulation模拟Skill技能Slack松弛量Special Cause特定原因Specification规格说明书Specification Limits规格限定Sponsor出资人、出资方Staffing Management Plan Process人员配置管理计划Stakeholder项目干系人Standard标准Start Date开始时间Start-to-Finish （SF）开始-结束Start-to-Start （SS）开始-开始Statement of Work （SOW）工作说明书Strengths， Weaknesses， Opportunities， and Threats （SWOT） AnalysisSWOT分析Subnetwork子网络Subphase子阶段Subproject子项目Successor后续（）Successor Activity后续活动Summary Activity汇总活动System系统Target Completion Date （TC）预定完成时间Target Finish Date （TF）预定结束时间Target Schedule预定进度Target Start Date （TS）预定开始时间Task任务Team Members团队成员Technical Performance Measurement Technique技术性能测量Technique技术Template模板Threat威胁Three-Point Estimate Technique三点估算Threshold阀值Time and Material （T&M） Contract工时和材料合同Time-Now Date即刻日期Time-Scaled Schedule Network Diagram Tool时标进度网络图Tool工具Total Float （TF）总浮动时间、总时差Total Quality Management （TQM） Technique全面质量管理Trend Analysis Technique趋势分析Triggers触发条件Triple Constraint三约束User用户Validation Technique确认Value Engineering （VE）价值工程Variance差异Variance Analysis Technique差异分析Verification Technique验证Virtual Team虚拟团队Voice of the Customer顾客意见War Room作战室Work工作Work Authorization Technique工作授权Work Authorization System Tool工作授权体系Work Breakdown Structure （WBS） Output/Input工作分解结构Work Breakdown Structure Component工作分解结构部件Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary Output/Input工作分解结构字典Work Item工作项Work Package工作包Work Performance Information Output/Input工作绩效信息Workaround Technique风险急救（方案）/风险应急方案13.