英语倒装句讲解和练习附答案

一、全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1) here, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首 , 谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run 。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes. Away they went. 二、部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词 do, does 或 did ，并将其置于主语之前。 1) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until. 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当 Not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1) Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 答案 A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。 这些否定词包括 no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until 等。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2 ） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案 D. 看到 Not until. 的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在 C ， D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为， Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将 not 提前，后面就不能再用否定了 , 否则意思就变了。 (1)以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not only.but also, Hardly/Scarcely.when, No sooner. than Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题 No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 答案 D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句 ( 谓语前置 ) 。这类表示否定意义的词有 never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及 not only.but (also), no sooner.than, hardly. when scarcely. when 等等。 注意：只有当 Not only. but also 连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的 Not only. but also 仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music. (2)so, neither, nor 作部分倒装 表示 也 、 也不 的句子要部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. 典型例题 -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 答案： B. nor 为增补意思 也不关心 ，因此句子应倒装。 A 错在用 dont 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D 缺乏连词。 注意： 当 so 引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为 的确如此 。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. -Its raining hard. -So it is. (3)only 在句首要倒装的情况 Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed (4)as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词 , 副词 , 分词 , 实义动词提前）。 注意 :1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2) 句首是实义动词 , 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语 , 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 注意 : 让步状语从句中，有 though ， although 时，后面的主句不能有 but ，但是 though 和 yet 可连用。 (5)其他部分倒装 1)so. that 句型中的 so 位于句首时，需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中： May you all be happy. 3) 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有 were, had, should 等词，可将 if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 Were I you, I would try it again. 典型例题： 1 ） Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案为 D. 否定词 Not 在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。 2 ） Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize 3) Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 解析：答案为 B. 句中的 nor 引出部分倒装结构，表示 也不 。由 so, neither, nor 引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中 , so 用于肯定句 , 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。 (6)虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were, should, 或 had, 可将 if 省略，再把 were, should 或 had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us. Had you come earlier, you would have met him =If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. 注意 : 在虚拟语气的从句中，动词 be 的过去时态一律用 were ，不用 was ， 即在从句中 be 用 were 代替。 If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。 If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。 典型例题 _ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案 C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有 were, should, had 这三个词，通常将 if 省略，主语提前 , 变成 were, should, had + 主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Werent I to do 。 (7)强调句结构 常考的强调句结构是 it 引导的句子。 It is (was) 被强调部分 + that (who) + 句子其他部分。 此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。 It is from the sun that we get light and heat. It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 典型例题 1 ） It was last night _ I see the comet. A. the time B. when C. that D. which 答案 C. 强调句的结构是： It +be + 强调部分 + that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个， that 和 who 。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 who ，其余用 that 。 原句： My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调主语： It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 强调宾语： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 强调时间： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. ( 注意不用 when) 强调地点： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 2 ） It is ten years _ Miss Green returned to Canada. A. that B. when C. since D. as 答案 C. 考点是连词用法。 本题易误选为 A. that. 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉 It be. that 还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 It is.that ，只剩下 ten years Miss Green returned to Canada. 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。 It is /was + 时间 + since. 其中 is has been was had been.英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序。正常语序的结构是“主语+谓语”，倒装语序为谓语（或谓语的一部分）+主语。倒装语序分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种。完全倒装是将整个谓语移至主语前面。例如：Then comes the bus。部分倒装是只将助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前。例如：Is she an English teacher?倒装结构的用法：一、副词here,there, in, out,up ,down, away,back,now, then, ahead 等位于句首,当谓语动词是be,come, go, follow,run等表示位置移动的动词，而且主语又是名词时,需要把谓语动词放主语之前，即全部倒装。注意:A 此类倒装不用进行时态度。B若主语是代词时，不用倒装。1.-Lets hurry. Listen!There_._Oh,yes.Has the teacher come yet?-Look! Here_.A the bell goes, is he coming B goes the bell, he comesC the bell is going,he is coming D goes the bell, comes he二，含有否定意义的词放句首，部分倒装。具有否定意义的副词放句首：not,never,seldom,hardly, rarely.little,scarely,few2.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in my life_so happy!(2000,spring)A did I feel B I feel C I had felt D had I felt3.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once_with each other.(2003)A they had quarreled B they have quarreledC have they quarreled D had they quarreledB,含有否定意义的连词放句首:not onlybut also.,neither.nor., no soonerthan., scarely.than.,Hardly.when., not until.4.Not until all the fish died in the river_how serious pollution was.(95) A did the villagers realize B the villagers realizedC the villagers did realize D didnt the villagers realize5.Not only_interested in football but_ beginning to show an interest in it.A the teacher himself is, all his students areB the teacher himself is, are all his studentsC is the teacher himself, are all his studentsD is the teacher himself,all his students are*not only, no sooner,hardly.scarely要倒,but (also), than, when后面的句子不倒. Neither.nor.两部分都倒装。C, 含有否定意义的介词放句首：by no means, In no time,in no case, on no account,under no circumstances.On no account must you accept any money against your conscience.三，only状语，部分到装6.Only in this way_to make improvement in the operating system.(2003 shang)A you can hope B you did more C can you hope D did you hope7. _can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001)A With hard work B Although work hardC Only with hard work D Now that he works hard四、表示上文的状况也适合另外一人或事半功倍有下列：肯定:so+助动词(动/情态)+主语 *主语与上文一致否定:neither(nor)+助动(动/情态)+主语8.-David has made great progress recently. -_, and_.(1997)A So he has, so you have B So he has, so have youC So has he , so have you D So has he ,so you have9. You forget your purse when you went out. -Good heavens,_.(2002)A so did I B so I did C I did so D I so did五、as 作“尽管虽然”，引导让步状语从句，由于语法需要，把表语状语动词提于句首10._,I have never seen anyone whos as capable(有能力） as John.(2001)A As long as I have traveled B Now that I have traveledC Much as I have traveled D As I have travled so much11._, he knows a lot of things.A The child as he isB Child as he is C A child as he isD Child as he is六、so .that., such .that.的句子结构中，若so,such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒。12.So difficult_it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.(2001)A I have felt B have I felt C I did feel D did I feel七、若if 引导的虚拟条件句中有were, had, should 时，可将if省，把were, had , should 放主语之前。13._it rain tomorrow, we would have put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.(94)A Were B Should C Would D Will14._ for the tree tickets,I would not have gone to the film so often.(95sh)A If it is notB Were it notC Had not it beenD If they were not八、充当地点状语的介词短语放句首，全倒。In a lecture hall of a university sits a professor.九、在表示愿望的感叹句，倒装。May our country become rich and strong!Long live the Peoples Republic of China!十、There be 句型，eg,There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist.)There is a man at the door wants to see you.There once lived an old hunter in that house.There seems to be some misunderstanding about the matter.练习1. Only when you have obtained sufficient data _ come to a sound conclusion.a. can you b. you can c. would you d. you would2. _ that this region was so rich in natural resources.a. Little he knew b. Little did he knowa. Little he did know d. Little he had known3. Never again _ political office after his 1928 defeat for the presidency.a. Alfred E. Smith seriously sought b. seriously Alfred E. Smith soughtc. when did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek d. did Alfred E. Smith seriously seek4. Only in recent years _ begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.a. people have b. since people have c. have people d. people who have5. _, we were not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands.a. What may come b. Come what may c. May what come d. What come6. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice _ his head.a. that he turned b. did he turn c. he didnt turn d. he had turned 7. _ received law degrees as today.a. Never so women have b. The women arent everc. Women who have never d. Never have so many women8. Heat does not travel by convection in solid, because the solid does not move, _.a. so does a liquid b. so a liquid does c. as does a liquid d. so is a liquid9. On no account _ to anyone.a. my name must be mentioned b. must my name mention c. must my name be mentioned d. my name must mention10. _ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.a. Such construction robots are clever b. So clever the construction robots arec. So clever are the construction robots d. Such clever construction robots are11. _ do we go for picnics.a. Certainly b. Sometimes c. Seldom d. Once12. _ is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine.a. Either b. Often c. Nor d. Usually13. Her answer is not acceptable, and _.a. neither am I b. either is mine c. neither is mine d. mine is neither14. _, I must do another experiment.a. Be it ever so late b. It is ever so latec. It be ever so late d. So late it be ever15. So fast _ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.a. light travel b. travels the light c. do light travel d. does light travel16. A sneeze cannot be performed voluntarily, _ be easily suppressed.a. nor it can b. nor can it c. it cannot d. and cannot it17. _ notebook and report that I promised you last week.a. Here is the b. Here are the c. Is here the d. Are here the18. _ a little more time to think, he might have acted more sensibly.a. If he took b. If he has taken c. had he taken d. Should he take19. Beneath our feet _ that our life depends on for food and clothing.a. the earth lay b. the earth lies c. lie the earth d. lies the earth20. _ the beginning of the 19th century did scientists know that all matter is made up of atoms.a. At b. By c. Up to d. Not until 21. Hardly _ he got out of the court _ the reporters raised a lot of questions to him. a. had when b. hadthan c. didwhen d. hasthan22. Among these books _ a dictionary that his father gave him as a birthday present.a. have included b. is included c. has included d. are included23. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country; _ is this more true than in Europe.a. nowhere b. hardly c. little d. seldom24. Important _ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.a. to b. for c. as d. although25. According to the periodic table, _ still some elements undiscovered.a. there seem to be b. it seems c. it seems to be d. here seems26. Here _ you want to see.a. the manager comes b. comes the manager c. comes a manager d. is coming a manager27. Barry can hardly drive a car, _.a. so cant Molly b. cant Molly either c. Molly cant too d. neither can Molly28. _ for the leadership of the Party, we should not have succeeded.a. Had not it been b. Had it not been c. There was d. Is there29. _ no air or water, there would be no life in the world.a. Were there b. There are c. There was d. Is there30. Not only _ the data fed into it, but it can also analyze them.a. the computer can memorize b. can the computer memorize c. do the computer memorize d. can memorize the computer31. Not once _ his view of life.a. did the gentleman mention b. the gentleman mentioned that c. the gentleman mentioned d. does gentleman mentioned32. By no means _ their own language well.a. it is true that all English people know b. is it true that do all English people knowc. it is true that do all English people knowd. is it true that all English people know33. The molecules of gases move more freely than _.a. do liquids and solids b. liquids and solids doc. do those of liquids and solids d. those do of liquids and solids34. The worlds birth rates are on a decline and _ are the death rates.a. so b. also c. too d. the same35. _ is the volume of chemical goods.a. Constantly growing too b. Too constantly growing c. Growing constant to d. Too growing constant36. Many a time _ me with my English study.a. have he helped b. has he helped c. he have helped d. did he have helped37. Typical of the new type of young people _, who set a shining example to the whole nation.a. was Lei Feng b. Were Lei Feng c. Lei Feng was d. Lei Feng were38. What Mr. Smith did was important , but _. a. more important the way of he did things wasb. the way of he did things was more importantc. more important was the way he did thingsd. more important the way were he did things39. She didnt want to buy it, _.a. however good was it b. however good it wasc. for how good might it be d. for how good it might be40. _ , it is always possible to find out its volume.a. Whatever the shape of a body may beb. The shape of a body may be whateverc. May whatever the shape of a body bed. Whatever may the shape of a body be41. I wont pay $20 for the coat; its not worth _.a. all that much b. that much all c. that all much d. much all that42. Hot air accompanied by high relative humidity feels warmer than _.a. is it actually b. it actually is c. actually it is d. actually is it43. Qingdao is usually cool in summer, but Nanjing _.a. is rarely b. scarcely is c. hardly is d. rarely is 44. David, something important has happened. I wish to _.a. talk it over with you b. talk over it c. talk over d. talk you over it45. _, more than 200 houses and buildings are heated by solar energy, not to mention the big cities in the region. a. Alone in the small town b. In the small alone townc. In the small town alone d. In the alone small town46. Geysers are found new near rivers and lakes, where water drains through the soil _.a. surface below the deep b. deep below the surfacec. the deep below surface d. the deep surface below47. The wallflower _ because its weak stems often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for support.a. so called is b. so is called c. is so called d. called is so48. The history of painting is a fascination chain of evens that probably began with _.a. ever made the very first picturesb. the ever made very first picturesc. the very first ever made picturesd. the very first pictures ever made 49. On the side of the hill, there is _ which was once the entrance to a gold mine.a. a deep hole in ground b. a hole deep in ground c. a deep hole in the ground a deep in the ground hole50. Will the boy who has taken my pen brine _.a. back to me b. it back to me c. back it to me d. it to me back 倒装练习答案 1A19D37A2B20D38C3D21A39B4C22B40A5B23A41A6B24C42B7D25A43D8C26B44A9C27C45C10C28B46B11C29A47C12C30B48D13C31A49C14A32D50B15D33C51 16B34A52 17B35A53 18C36B54 1._canyouexpecttogetapayrise. A.WithhardworkB.Althoughworkhard C.OnlywithhardworkD.Nowthatheworkshard 2._,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether. A.HoweverlateisheB.Howeverheislate C.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis 3.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver,_howseriousthepollutionwas. A.didthevillagersrealize B.thevillagersrealized C.thevillagersdidrealize D.didntthevillagersrealize 4.NotuntilIbegantowork_howmuchtimeIhadwasted. A.didntrealizeB.didIrealize C.IdidntrealizeD.Irealized 5.DoyouknowJimquarrelwithhisbrother? Idontknow,_. A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcare C.IdontcareneitherD.Idontcarealso 6.Onlybypracticingafewhourseveryday_beabletowastemuchtime. A.youcanB.canyou