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初步英语时态总复习人们通常把动词表示情况或动作发生的时间区别的各种形式称为时态，时态是动词的一种形式。表示行为或状态发生或存在的时间和形式。动词时态共有16种。我们初步阶段接触到的时态有四种。它们是：一般现在时；现在进行时；一般将来时；一般过去时。一、一般现在时一般现在时主要表现在时间内和与现在时间有联系的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。行为动词一般现在时的构成：当一般现在时的主语是单数第三人称时，谓语动词（do动词）末尾一般要加s或es。单数第三人称形式例词词尾加-sworkworks, helphelps, readreads, 以sh，ch，s，x，o等结尾加-eswatchwatches, gogoes, teachteacher, y前为辅音字母，去y再加-iesy前为元音，则直接加-sstudystudies, trytries, playplays, buybuys, 一般现在时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式以及简单回答形式：1 行为动词结构一般现在时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式以及简单回答形式（以动词eat为例）：肯定式I (You, We, They) eat.He (She, It) eats.否定式I (You, We, They) do not / dont eat.He (She, It) does not / doesnt eat.疑问式Do I (you, we, they) eat?Does he (she, it) eat?简单回答Yes, you do. No, you dont.Yes, I do. No, I dont.Yes, he (she, it) does. No, he (she, it) doesnt.Yes, you (we, they) do. No, you (we, they) dont.be动词结构肯定式I am a teacher.He (She) is a teacher.You (We, They) are teachers.否定式I am not a teacher.He (She) is not a teacher.You (We, They) are not teachers.疑问式Are you a teacher?Is he (she) a teacher?Are you (we, they) teachers?简单回答Yes, I am. No, Im not.Yes, he (she) is. No, he (she) isnt.Yes, we (they) are. No, we (they) arent.二、现在进行时1 构成：现在进行时由“am (is, are) + 动词现在分词”构成。现在分词的构成例词一般词尾加-ingdodoing, workworking, singsinging, 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e，再加-ingdancedancing, makemaking,writewriting, divediving, 重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该字母再加-ingrunrunning, swimswimming,sitsitting, beginbeginning, 2 现在进行时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式以及简单回答形式（以动词eat为例）：肯定式I am eating.He (She, It) is eating.You (We, They) are eating.否定式I am not eating.He (She, It) is not eating.You (We, They) are not eating.疑问式Am I eating?Is he (she, it) eating?Are you (we, they) eating?简单回答Yes, you are. No, you arent.Yes, I am. No, Im not.Yes, he (she it) is. No, he (she, it) isnt.Yes, we (you, they) are. No, we(you, they) arent.练习一、 写出下列动词的现在分词形式。clean play count writestand live come sitstop eat二、 填入动词的适当形式。1. Look, Tim _ (draw) a map of China. Jane _ (help) him.2. Jack _(be) in the library now. He _(read) a story book.3. This is our school garden. Some boys _(sing) and some girls _(dance).4. Its eight oclock in the morning. The pupils _(do) morning exercises.5. Listen! It _(rain) now.6. What _ you _(do) now?I _(cook).7. Look, the bus _(come).8. What _ Tim _(do) now?He _(look) at some pictures.9. Its four oclock. The teachers _(have) a meeting.10. Its seven oclock. The old man _(walk) through the park.三、 连词成句1. a, is, Tom, kite, flying_2. at, is, the, Linda, stars, looking_3. are, the, boys, swimming_4. I, TV, am, at, home, watching_5. playing, games, Peter, are, Jim, and_6. reading, Page, children, Four, the, are_7. music, to, the, listening, are, Toms_8. gramda, sitting, a, my, is, chair, in_9. they, for, bus, the, waiting, are, a_10. is, writing, her, to, Mary, mother_四、 根据括号内的内容回答问题1. What are you doing? （画画）_2. What is your father doing? （看报纸）_3. What are the girls doing? （看电视）_4. What are Tom and Mary doing? （下棋）_三、一般将来时1 构成一般将来时由“助动词will + 动词原形”构成。 I（We）用shall（will），其余的用will。口语中，shall和will用于名词或代词后常缩写成ll。如：Ill, youll, hell和shell等。Shall not常缩写为shant, will not常缩写为wont。在疑问句中，主语为第一人称（I和we）时，常用助动词shall。2 一般将来时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式以及简单回答形式（以动词eat为例）：人称肯定式否定式疑问式第一人称I (We) shall/will eat.I (We) shall/will not eat.Shall I (we) eat?第二人称You will eat.You will not eat.Will you eat?第三人称He (She, It) will eat.He (She, It) will not eat.Will he (she, it)eat?简单回答Yes, you will. No, you wont.Yes, I shall/will. No, I shant/wont.Yes, he (she, it) will. No, he (she, it) wont.Yes, we shall/will. No, we shant/wont.Yes, you (they) will. No, you (they) wont.3be + going to结构也用于表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。它除了用来表示预定要发生的事外，也较多用于表示打算、计划、安排等，be动词随主语作相应变化，句型中的to后加动词原形。例如： She is going to wash her clothes. 她打算去洗衣服。 Its going to rain. 天要下雨了。练习一、句型转换（用be going to句型替换will do句型）1. Mary will stand on the playground and watch the stars._2. We will go for a picnic next summer._3. Peter will draw a picture after school._4. There will be a farewell party in our school._二、汉译英（be going to）1妈妈打算明天洗衣服。_2明年，我想去北京参观。_3我不打算和你一起去动物园了。_4今天晚上，我妹妹准备看电视。_5他们打算下周去书店买一些漫画书。_6你打算怎样去美国？_7Smith先生打算什么时候去做实验？_四、一般过去时1一般过去时的构成：它通常由动词过去式表示。规则动词过去式：形式例词词尾加-edworkworked, cookcooked, plantplanted, 词尾为e，加-ddancedanced, skateskated, livelived, 重读闭音节结尾，词尾为一个辅音字母，双写该字母再加-edstopstopped, fitfitted, y前为元音，加-ed；前为辅音，去y，加-iedplayplayedstudystudied, trytried, 不规则动词过去式：am, iswas, arewere, havehad, dodid, gowent, taketook,runran, swimswam, singsang, drinkdrank, seesaw, eatate, givegave, comecame, makemade, flyflew,readread, buybought, getgot, leaveleft, feelfelt, 2一般过去时的肯定式、否定式和疑问式及简单回答形式（以动词eat为例）：肯定式I ate.You He (She, It) We (You, They)否定式 I did not (didnt) eat.YouHe (She, It) We (You, They)疑问式 I eat?Did youhe (she, it) we (you, they)简单回答I youdidnt.did.No, Yes, you Ihe (she, it) he (she, it)we (you, they) we (you, they)练习一、写出下列动词的过去时态want study clean gois watch swim learnsee eat fly take二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Tom _(watch) TV at home last night.2. When I _(be) a child, I often _(play) football.3. He _(be) not with me yesterday.4. _ you _(get) up early yesterday morning? Yes, I _.5. He _(not see) the tigers in the zoo last weekend.6. There _(be) a book on the desk yesterday.7. I _(have) a picnic with my family yesterday morning.8. When _ you _(go) to school last week? I _(go) to school at 7:00 last week.9. They _(be) in Beijing in 2000.10.There _(be) not any tall buildings in the village many years ago.
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