高二英语必修五第一单元

真题演练不定式和动名词1(2014合肥一中诊断)_ all the homework assigned by the school, the students have to work at it till midnight.ACompleting BTo completeCHaving completed DTo have completed2(2014南京金陵中学一模)Those air conditioners are our bestselling products because they are easy _ and work with little noise.Ahandling Bto be handlingChandled Dto handle3(2014南京高三模拟)Sitting at the corner of the meeting room, he looked sad, because there were so many problems _.Aremaining to settle Bremained settlingCremaining to be settled Dremained to be settled4(2014江苏扬州模拟)_ the English speech competition will be a lot of work, so I need some volunteers to help out.AOrganize BOrganizedCOrganizing DBeing organized5(2014安徽江南十校联考)I regret _ you that your application has not been successful.Not successful? I performed pretty well in my interview!Ainforming Bto informChaving informed Dto have informed6(2014芜湖一中模拟)Officials believe that more than one person may be _ the fire.Ato blame for Bto blame toCto be blamed for Dto be blamed to 必修五Unit 1Getting along with others第一层级背词汇、学写句，让作文有话可说一、背词汇常用词汇(1)relationship n关系(2)strength n. 优点(3)duty n. 职责(4)spirit n. 精神(5)appearance n. 外表(6)weakness n. 缺点；弱点(7)admire v. 羡慕(8)introduce v. 介绍(9)avoid v避免(10)cease v. 停止(11)willing adj. 愿意的(12)positive adj. 积极的(13)negative adj. 消极的(14)sensitive adj. 敏感的(15)improper adj. 不恰当的(16)work with 与共事(17)care about 关心(18)on purpose 有意地亮点词汇(1)treasure v珍惜；珍藏(2)cooperate v. 合作(3)apply v. 运用(4)considerate adj. 体贴的(5)consequently adv. 因此(6)be aware of 意识到(7)fit in 相适应，相融洽(8)get along/on with 与相处，进展(9)be crazy about 对狂热(10)be buried in 埋头于二、学写句(按要求完成句子并背诵)变换句式我们很高兴能够彼此合作。结果，从这次经历，我知道了与人合作的重要性。改写句子 We are happy to work with each other.(改为感叹句 As a result， from this experience I learned it was important to work together with others. Consequently,_from this experience I learned how_important_it_was_to_cooperate_with_others.()单词拼写1He pretended (假装) not to know her but in fact they were in league together.2Time turned the edge of his anger and he forgave (原谅) the boy.3Do keep your eyes focused (集中) on the prize and never give up.4His remark (谈论) not only broke the ice, but aroused everyones interest.5Just now the two boys were playing games and now they are quarrelling (吵架)6Dont blame (责备) your food because you have no appetite.7They united together and overcame (克服) difficulties caused by the natural disaster.8Adopt a positive attitude (态度), and ask for what you want from life.9It is acceptable to manage all the possible conflicts in a friendly manner (方式)10The sensitive (敏感的) man finally made a sensible decision, which shocked everyone present.11“As leaders, we cannot betray (背叛) the peoples trust，” said Lin Hanmin, director of the administrative examination.12Friendship may influence many aspects of the social development of children and adolescents (青少年)()用所给词的适当形式填空1The argument (argue) with her exhausted me, so I do not want to give details here.2She never gets anywhere on time. Shes hopelessly (hopeless) disorganized.3I am committed (commit) to that process of changing our environment for the better.4Pupils in our schools are taught in a safe, secure (security) environment.5Youll have to show some proof of identity (identify) when you collect the parcel.6The evidence of police informants (告密者) needs to be treated with caution (cautious)7Our company sincerely (sincere) welcomes the arrival of new and old customers and cooperation.8As we all know, oral test will be required for admission (admit) to that university.()语境填词1I apologized to you for my behaviour yesterday and please accept my insincere apology,_or I will be guilty.(apologize)2Experts disagreed on how much the project will cost and the disagreement led to the delay of the project.(disagree)3She asked where hed been, but he didnt respond,_and in response to it, she shouted to him “Where had you been？” (respond)1You should do the right thing regardless_of (不管) what others are doing.2We were tired of waiting and hoped the bus would come before_long (很快)3We have various summer camps for your holidays, you can choose one based_on (以为根据) your own interests. 4It would be better to rely_on (依靠) ourselves than others.5We must keep_pace_with (与同步) the new development of modern scientific research.6The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks_to (由于) the efforts of the local governments to increase it.7The evening party ended_up (结束) with the singing of Auld Lang Syne.8In_my_opinion (在我看来) this is the best way to handle the situation, Charlie.9He kept_his_word (遵守诺言) and paid me the money he owed me exactly on time.10As_a_result_of (由于) patient experimenting he succeeded in developing a new machine.【短语归纳】1keep pace with(与)步调一致2before long 不久，很快3get through (用电话)接通4be based on 以为根据5regardless of 不管，不顾6end up 最后成为；最终处于7rely on 依靠，依赖8thanks to 幸亏；由于9in ones opinion 在某人看来10feel like doing 想要做11keep ones word 遵守诺言12as a result of 由于1I dont think I can ever truly forgive her.我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。解读本句采用了否定转移结构。仿写我相信他不会再犯这么愚蠢的错误了。I dont_believe that he will make such foolish mistakes.2Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.昨天，我看到他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。解读cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事。仿写这影片如此感人以至于我们禁不住流下泪来。This film was so impressive that we couldnt_help_crying.3Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship.足球对我很重要，我们的友谊也很重要。解读so系动词/助动词/情态动词主语(表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后面的人或物)仿写时代变了，她也变了。Times have changed and so_has_she.4When asked, they usually hesitate before responding, My best friend? .当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往在回答之前都要犹豫一下，我最好的朋友？解读句中“when过去分词”作时间状语，是“when they are asked”的省略形式。仿写有人向他求助的时候，他总是很乐意的帮忙。He tends to be willing to give his hands when_asked for help.一、常考词汇细点拨1pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作 教材原句Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong.后来，我假装很快乐的样子，但汉娜还是觉察到哪儿有点不对劲。pretendI had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.(2013浙江高考阅读D)我一直在欺骗自己，假装一切顺利。He pretended to_be_reading_an_important_paper when the boss entered. 老板进来时，他假装在看一份重要的文件。The boy pretended to have worked on the text, but she had not. 那个男孩假装学过了这篇课文，其实根本没有。联想归纳pretend后可跟不定式的各种时态，与其用法类似的动词还有：happen,_appear,_seem,_claim等。2admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳教材原句We went to wash our hands in the girls washroom before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done.午饭前，我们一起去洗手间洗手，我承认了自己的成绩很糟糕。(1) admit (doing/having done) sth.承认(做过)某事admit (to sb.) that . (向某人)承认admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人/某物是(2)admit sb.to/into .准许某人进入(或加入)be admitted to/into . 被允许进入/接受At last the man had no choice but to admit having stolen the computer from the office.最后那个人别无选择只得承认从办公室里偷了电脑。Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.(2013广东高考阅读C)下棋时作弊是不容易的，但是我承认我确信大卫赢了一两次。The concerned mother became excited to hear the news of his sons having_been_admitted_to the university. 焦虑的母亲听到她的儿子被大学录取的消息十分激动。 名师指津admit作“承认”之意时，后接v.ing作宾语，不能接不定式。3forgive vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕高考佳句People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research.(2013辽宁高考任务型阅读)根据最近的一项研究，宽恕别人的人其悲伤、愤怒和压力都会减轻，而希望却会增加。forgive sb.sth.原谅某人某事forgive sb.for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做过)某事forgive ones doing sth. 原谅某人做某事We forgave him his mistakes because he was no more than a child.我们原谅他的错误，因为他只是个孩子。Forgive_me_for_interrupting,_but I really dont agree with that.请原谅我打岔，不过我确实不同意那一点。4focus vt.& vi.(使)聚焦；集中注意力n.焦点；重点 教材原句The other team was superb and we really had to focus.我们的对手很厉害，我们必须得集中精力。(1)focus on集中于；重点在focus ones eyes/attention/mind on .把视线/注意力/心思集中到上(2)bring sth.into focus 使某事物成为焦点the focus of . 的焦点If you focus on all that is awful, you will miss all that is wonderful. 如果你关注在所有糟糕的事情上，你将会错过所有精彩的事情。Its high time that we focused/should_focus_our_attention_on studies.到了我们应该把注意力集中在学习上的时候了。联想归纳表示“注意，集中精力于”的短语还有：concentrate ones attention onfix ones attention onpay attention to5remark n. C评论，意见vi.& vt.评论，谈论教材原句I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks too, but I dislike seeing our team lose.我感到很内疚，因为我也说了一些残酷无情的话，但我不喜欢看到我们队输球。The central government will continue to consolidate peaceful crossStraits ties, Yu Zhengsheng remarked at the fifth Straits Forum.俞正声在第五届海峡论坛上说中央政府将继续巩固和平的两岸关系。remark on/upon .对发表评论/看法make a remark on/about 就发表意见；对评头论足remark that . 谈论/说起remarkable 非凡的，奇异的，显著的They are willing to remark on/upon the cause of the car accident.他们愿意就这次车辆事故发表一下评论。Why are we releasing this silver dollar for such a remarkable price？(2013福建高考阅读C)我们为什么要高价发行这枚银币呢？6argue vi. 争吵，争论vi.& vt.辩论，主张，说服教材原句Since we argued, he hasnt spoken to me even though we sit next to each other in class.我们争吵过后，尽管我们在课堂上挨着坐，他也不和我说话。(1)argue with sb. about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩argue for/against . 赞成/反对argue that . 提出理由说明argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事(2)argument n. 争辩；争论Others argue that they can eat meat and still be kind to animals.(2012广东高考完形)另一些人认为他们食肉但仍对动物友好。They argued with each other about the best place for a holiday.他们为最佳的度假地点而争论不休。My friend is trying to_argue_me_into joining the Sports Club.我的朋友正想说服我加入体育俱乐部。辨析比较argue, quarrel试一试选择以上单词填空She often quarrels with her husband about who does more housework.I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen.辨一辨argue指一方坚持自己的意见、立场和观点，通过争论企图说服对方quarrel因日常小事由于愤怒而争吵，内含其结果可能是持续对立7apologize vi.道歉教材原句The things he said hurt me too, but he has not apologized to me.他说的话也伤害了我，可他没有向我道歉。(1)apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apology n. 道歉make an apology to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉Victor apologized to me for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan.Victor made_an_apology_to_me_for his not being able to inform me of the change in the plan.维克多因为没有通知我计划有变而向我道歉。Jack, you owe your sister an apology for losing her edictionary; please go and apologize to her later.杰克，你应该为弄丢你姐姐的电子词典而向她道歉，待会请去给她说声对不起。8blame vt.责备，指责；把归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责 教材原句While it may feel horrible, if she really is your best friend you should apologize for blaming her.尽管你会觉得难受，但如果她真的是你最好的朋友你应该向她道歉，因为你指责了她。(1)blame sb. for sth./doing sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备(主动形式表示被动含义)(2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth.on .将某事归咎于We object to being blamed for something that we havent done. 我们反对把与我们无关的事情作为理由来谴责我们。If a son is uneducated, his dad is_to_blame. 子不教，父之过。Still others lay the blame on the Americans, complaining that pounds have piled on thanks to eating too much Americanstyle fast food.(2013湖北高考阅读C)还有一些人责怪美国人，抱怨由于吃了太多的美式快餐，使英镑堆积起来。9respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答经典例句I asked him his name, but he didnt respond.(牛津P1479)我问他叫什么名字，可他没回答。(1)respond to 答复；对做出反应respond by doing sth. 通过做来做出反应，回应(2)response n. 回应，反应，回答in response to 对做出反应make a response to 对作出回答Most of the staff who responded to the questionnaire were supportive. 回答了问卷的职员大多数表示支持。 They eagerly went to work in the border regions in_response_to the Partys call. 他们热情地响应党的号召，到边疆去工作。Various academics made a response to this problem and proposed many measures and steps. 各界学者针对这一问题做出反应，提出了很多对策和措施。二、间考词汇自识记1acquaintance n泛泛之交；熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识；了解make ones acquaintance make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人have an/some acquaintance(s) with sth. 对某事有了解I made his acquaintance/made the acquaintance of him two years ago.我是两年前认识他的。2sensitive adj.敏感的，小心谨慎的be sensitive to 对敏感(过敏)的be sensitive about 介意；在乎3eager adj.热切的，渴望的be eager to do . 渴望做be eager for . 急于得到单词对点集训 .单项填空1(2014合肥八中模拟)I am sorry, but I didnt mean to keep you waiting here so long. Can you _ me?Ahesitate BforgiveCapologize Dsatisfy2(2014南通模拟)Why did you say that yesterday?It was just a casual _. I didnt mean anything by it.Aremark BjudgmentCstatement Ddiscussion3(2014盐城高三模拟)I like reading books about _ story of Sang Lan who has _ positive attitude towards life.Athe; the Ba; aCa; 不填 Dthe; a4(2014安徽七校大联考)What is going on over there?They are arguing _ each other _ private affairs.Aabout; with Bwith; aboutCwith; with Dabout; about5(2014江苏四市联考)Anyone who has spent time with children _ the difference in the way boys and girls _ similar situations.Aaware of; respond to Bis aware of; respond toCaware; responding Dis aware of; respond6(2014湖南四市九校联考)The students listened carefully to the teacher with their eyes _ on the blackboard.Ato focus BfocusingCbeing focused Dfocused.多维演练pretend点点练1句型转换(每空一词)Tom pretended that he hadnt heard about it but in fact, he knew it very well.Tom pretended not to have heard about it but in fact, he knew it very well.The boy pretended to be doing his homework when his parents came back home.The boy pretended that he was doing his homework when his parents came back home.2(2014扬州高三模拟)Dont pretend _ hard. I know that you are reading a magazine at the same time.Ato work BworkingCto be working Dto have workedadmit万花筒1一句多译你应当有勇气承认错误。You should have the courage to_admit_your_mistakes.You should have the courage to admit your_making_mistakes.You should have the courage to admit that you_made_mistakes.2句型转换(每空一词)We all admit that he is foolish.We all admit him to be foolish.He admitted that he had stolen the car.He admitted having stolen the car.3(2014皖南八校联考)Generally, _ to a university in the USA, foreign students need to prove their strong ability in using English.Aadmitting BadmittedCto be admitted Dbeing admittedblame多棱镜1完成句子把我们的失败归咎在他头上是没用的。Its no use blaming_our_defeat_on_him.不要总是把失败归咎于他人，有时候该怪你自己。Dont always blame_your_own_failure_on_others. Sometimes you yourself are_to_blame.政府将不得不对冲突承担责任。The government will have to take_the_blame_for_the_conflict.2(2014连云港模拟)According to a recent survey, homework is what students most often _ for their lack of sleep.Ablame BremindCaccuse Dsuspectapologize面面观1介词填空He apologized to the teacher for the bad result in the test.He made a public apology for his improper remarks.2句型转换(每空一词)The captain apologized to the passengers because of the delay caused by the weather.The captain made an apology to the passengers for the delay caused by the weather.So far, I havent apologized to Mike for what I said and did to him.So far, I still owe Mike an apology for what I said and did to him.1get through (用电话)接通；用完；完成，(设法)处理；通过(考试等)；熬过(困境)教材原句Our lines can get very busy, but please keep trying and you will soon get through.我们的线路会比较繁忙，但请您继续拨打，您很快就能接通电话。一词多义写出下列句中get through的含义I felt mildly victorious that I got through the rest of class without crying, but at my next free period I had to face him.(2013浙江高考阅读D)完成I got through the written papers, but failed in the oral examination. 通过(考试等)I called all day yesterday, but I couldnt get through ( to you ). 接通(电话)Let me use your typewriter when you get through with it. 用完To get through this crisis, their government must encourage domestic consumption.熬过If one man guards the pass, ten thousand are unable to get through. 通过联想归纳“v.through”短语集锦：go through经历，经受；仔细查看；完成look through 浏览；翻阅see through 看穿，识破break through 突破(障碍)2regardless of 不管，不顾教材原句The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same, regardless of the basis of these friendships.无论男孩和女孩友谊的基础是什么，他们所看重的朋友身上的品质似乎是一样的。It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.(2013新课标全国卷阅读A)这意味着全体人员不管什么职位，为了一个好的结果，应该倾听、应该说出来。辨析比较regardless of, in spite of试一试选择以上短语填空In_spite_of the cold day, he didnt shrink, and went to the rescue of a drowning child regardless_of his personal safety. 辨一辨regardless of“不管”，强调主观的意愿，相当于without consideringin spite of“尽管”，表示“让步”之意，相当于despite3end up最后成为；最终处于教材原句I ended up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting room.最终我回到火车站，在候车室里过完了这一天。end upadj./v.ing 最后；最终end up as . 最终成为或变成end up with 以结束(后接表具体事物的名词)end up in 以结束(后接表抽象概念的名词)I love how people can seem so different, but end up being so similar.(2013浙江高考完形)我喜欢看上去多么不同的人们，但最终会变得如此相似。Some people have ended up as millionaires simply because of rising house prices. 一些人只是因为房价上涨就成为了百万富翁。The speech started with an amusing story and ended_up_with_a_poem.演讲以一个有趣的故事开始，以一首诗结束。联想归纳常用的“v.up”短语还有：build up增强keep up保持；鼓起speed up 加速 use up 用完pick up 拾起；收听/看；用车接送；无意中学会4rely on依靠，依赖；信任教材原句Friendship means having someone I can rely on.友谊意味着我能有一个可信赖的人。rely on sb./sth.for .依靠某人/某物得到rely on ones doing sth./rely on sb. to do sth. 指望/信任某人做某事rely on it that . 相信Dont always rely on others for understanding and sympathy. Dont always rely on others_understanding_and_sympathy. Dont always rely on others to understand and sympathize. 不要老是指望别人的理解和同情。You may rely on it that the work will be finished ahead of time. 你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。联想归纳rely on的同义短语有：depend oncount on短语对点集训.选词填空get through， rely on， end up， before long， regardless of， get down to， thanks to， spy on1We expect that the water in every river will be made cleaner and cleaner before_long.2Those who always rely_on external factors cannot always achieve success.3Come on, boys! Lets cut out the monkey business and get_down_to work.4Unfortunately an accident happened and Mr. Smith ended_up in a chair with two wheels.5The bill has_got_through and will put into force next week.6The play succeeded thanks_to fine acting by all the cast.7Regardless_of what others say, you shouldnt give up.8The truth is that someone still wants to spy_on us.单项填空1Currently, some overseas universities are simply selling diplomas to Chinese students _ their academic performance, so China should check in a regular basis.Aon account ofBin addition toCregardless of Din relation to2(2014常州高三模拟)In English, if new words continue to be used for at least five years they generally _ the Oxford English Dictionary.Acome up with Bmake up forClook up to Dend up in3(2014合肥八校高三联考)What I want to _ to teenagers is that being addicted to the Internet will to some degree do harm to both mental and physical health.Aget off Bget throughCget across Dget down4(2014淮安高三模拟)He is the first person you can think of to _， for he is always ready to help whoever is in need.Aapprove of Brely onCbring