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,. 句式填空 1. v. -ing短语作结果状语 A high mountain range, the Trans-Antarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two (把南极大陆一分为二). 2. Not until位于句首时，句子要采用倒装结构。 Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle (英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈), but he never saw land.,3. sb. /sth. +be+believed to do/be. . . 某人/物被认为做/是 It is believed to be (被认为是)the best example of a new lifelike style of painting. . . 4. make it +adj. +宾补“使做某事” Printing made it possible to produce more copies (使印刷出更多的书成为可能)in a few weeks than could have been produced in a lifetime written out by hand.,5. so+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语“也是如此” But as the ideas of the Renaissance developed, so did the demand (需求也增加了)for the Greek and Latin classics, which had been largely ignored for up to 2, 000 years.,. 教材设题 1. With annual rainfall _ to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert. A. closing B. closed C. close D. closes 【解析】选C。close to“靠近，接近”，其中close是形容词。close to zero是形容词短语用作with复合结构中的补足语。,2. On _ average it is two kilometres thick, but in some places it reaches _ depth of five kilometres. A. /；the B. an；/ C. /；a D. the；the 【解析】选C。考查固定短语。“平均起来；一般来说”用on average，on the average或on an average都可以；而“到达深度”只能用reach a depth of. . . 。,3. Antarctica was the last continent _. A. to discover B. to be discovered C. discovered D. having been discovered 【解析】选B。根据句子结构，要填部分在句中作定语，修饰continent。当名词前有序数词修饰时，其后的定语要用不定式结构，又因为continent与discover之间为动宾关系，所以答案为B。,4. _ people do not know much about the Renaissance, they have heard of this painting. A. Even if B. As if C. As though D. Only if 【解析】选A。句意：即使人们不太了解文艺复兴，他们也听说过这幅画。even if“即使”，符合句意。as if/though“好像”；only if“只要，只有”。,1. It was reported that 115 miners _ in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled out alive at last. 2011北京模拟 A. trapped B. being trapped C. were trapped D. had trapped,【解析】选A。句意：据报道，115名被困在透水矿井中8天的矿工最终被活着救了出来。要填部分在句中作定语，表被动又表示过去的动作，所以要用过去分词。,2. Because of his good work, John was _ to a higher class. 2011济南模拟 A. appointed B. promoted C. proceeded D. selected 【解析】选B。句意：因为工作出色，约翰被晋升到更高的级别。appoint“任命”；promote“晋升，提拔”；proceed“前进”；select“挑选”。,3. It was not the cyclist but the driver who _ for the traffic accident. A. was blamed B. was to blame C. was to be blamed D. were to blame 【解析】选B。句意：是司机而不是骑自行车的人应该为这起交通事故负责。be to blame“应受责备”，为固定用法，所以答案为B项。,4. 选词填空(effect，affect，influence) 1) To affect a policy is to have an effect on it. 2) Its clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso. 3) He effected great changes in the company.,1. You have to wear special clothing, a helmet and a life jacket _ your raft gets turned upside down or sinks 2011杭州模拟 Aso that Bin order that Cnow that Din case,【解析】选D。句意：你得穿上特殊的衣服，戴上头盔，穿上救生衣，以防万一你的筏子翻掉或沉掉。in case“假设，以防万一”，符合句意。so that和in order that意为“为了”，用来引导目的状语从句；now that“因为”，引导原因状语从句。,2. How could you _ your friend so easily? She is the kind of person who _ in a crowd. 2011青岛模拟 A. pick out；stands out B. make out；stands for C. take out；stands by D. bring out；stands aside 【解析】选A。句意：你是怎么如此容易地把你的朋友辨认出来的？她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。pick out“辨认出”；stand out“突出，显眼”。,3. How did _ feel to run 3, 000 meters at the sports meeting? Terrible！Especially when I saw I was left so far _ by others. A. that；alone B. it；alone C. that；behind D. it；behind,【解析】选D。 it作形式主语，不定式to run 3，000 meters是真正主语，根据terrible可知后面的意思应是“落后”，故选D项。,Zhou Yang didnt want to let anyone overtake her. She wanted to be the first _ that finishing line. 2011北京模拟 A. crossing B. cross C. to cross D. in crossing 【解析】选C。当名词被序数词修饰时，该名词后通常要用不定式来作定语，故答案为C。,I wasnt blaming anyone；I _said errors like this could be avoided. 2010湖北，26 A. merely B. mostly C. rarely D. nearly,【解析】选A。句意：我并没有责怪任何人，我只是说类似这种错误是可以避免的。mostly大部分地，通常地； nearly几乎=almost； rarely很少地，几乎不；merely仅仅，只不过。由句意可知A正确。,. 选词填空 promote, discourage, balance, adapt, trap, blame, appeal, reckon, suspect, inspire 1. My father is a lawyer, and he discouraged me from entering the field. 2. He inspired many young people to take up the sport. 3. Mr. Smith has walked straight into a trap laid by the Tories.,4. An earthquake of magnitude 7 is reckoned as a major quake. 5. Helen was promoted to senior manager. 6. What made you suspect her of having taken the money? 7. He earnestly appealed to his friends for help.,8. The children are finding it hard to adapt to the new school. 9. Ive got a good sense of balance and learnt to ski quite quickly. 10. One of the computers is broken and shes blaming it on me.,. 完成句子 1. 这些广告攻势对销售额没有起到太大的作用。 The advertising didnt have much effect on sales . 2. 家长不在时，孩子们便在家里玩。 In the absence of their parents, the children played in the house. 3. 他爸爸是工程师，他妈妈也是。 His father is an engineer, so is his mother .,4. 万一遇到任何困难，请立即给我打电话。 In case of any difficulty , please call me at once. 5. 她很快就适应了这种新气候。 She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 6. 老师从昨天留下的部分开始讲。 The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped yesterday.,7. 你放心好了，他们会支持你的。 You may depend on it that they will support you. 8. 他们劝阻我采取那个步骤。 They discouraged me from taking that step.,9. 这件事遗留下一连串的问题和困难。 The incident left behind a long train of problems and difficulties. 10. 直到老师进来学生才停止说话。 Not until the teacher came in did the students stopped talking .,. 单项填空 1. Varieties of activities in the supermarket _ many different types of interest and taste among the public _ its out-of-date goods. A. adjust to；to deposit B. cater to；to promote C. apply to；to take to D. appeal to；to claim,【解析】选B。句意：为了推销过时的商品，这家超市用各种各样的活动来迎合公众的口味。adjust to适应；cater to迎合，满足需要；apply to适用于；appeal to吸引。deposit寄存；promote推销；take to开始喜欢；claim声称。根据句意B项正确。,【举一反三】 He has been _ to general manager because of his excellent work in the company. A. proposed B. produced C. promoted D. programmed,【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。promote提升；晋升。句意为：因为他在公司的出色工作，他已经被晋升为总经理。propose建议；produce生产；产生。programme编制程序；计划，安排。根据题意可知C正确。,2. The new law has come into _；surely it will have _on industry of the country. 2011潍坊模拟 A. affect；an effect B. effect；affect C. effect；an effect D. an effect；an effect 【解析】选C。句意：新法律已经开始实施，这必定对我们的工业有影响。come into effect开始实施；have an effect on对有影响，均属固定搭配。,3. In the past, he rarely spoke unless others were speaking about something that _ to him. 2011锦州模拟 A. tended B. addicted C. appealed D. applied,【解析】选C。句意：在过去他很少说话，除非别人谈论使他感兴趣的话题。appeal to“吸引，使感兴趣”；tend to“趋向于；照顾；照料”；be addicted to. . . “沉湎于”；apply to“向申请；适用于”，由句意C正确。,4. What do you know about the traffic accident _ yesterday? It was the drunken driver who was _ for it. 2011银川模拟 A. occurred；to blame B. occurring；to blame C. to be occurred；to be blamed D. occurring；to be blamed,【解析】选B。occur“发生”，是不及物动词，由于第一空是在句中作定语，所以要用occurring；“某人应该受到责备”常用sb. be to blame来表示，所以第二空要用to blame。故答案为B。,【方法技巧】 不定式主动表被动的情况 一、在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 (1)have（give, show）sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系。 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. to do与things是动宾关系, 与I是主谓关系。否则, 在表示被动意义时, 仍需要被动式。,(2)It（This, That）beaanadj. n. to do 在这种句型中, 不定式与前面的名词有动宾关系。动词不定式可改为动词不定式复合结构。 This is a difficult question to answer. 这是个难回答的问题。 question与to answer为动宾关系。to answer可改为 for me to answer。,二、在某些“形容词不定式”的结构中, 不定式有被动意义, 与句子主语构成动宾关系。其句型有: (1) n. beadj. to do The question was very difficult to answer. 这问题很难回答。 (2) n. betooadj. to do The thing is too small to see. 这东西太小看不见。,(3) n. beadj. enough to do The box is light enough to carry. 这盒子轻得可带走。,三、某些动词, 如to let, to blame（责备）, to seek（寻找）用主动形式表被动意义。 The house is to let. 这房子要出租。 The reason is not far to seek. 这理由不难找到。 四、在with的复合结构中 With a lot of work to do, I cant go with you. 由于有很多工作要做，我不能和你一起去。,5. The girl who wears red hair _ in the crowd of the students. A. stood by B. stood out C. stood for D. stood at attention 【解析】选B。句意：那位红发女孩在学生群中格外显眼。stand by“袖手旁观”；stand out“显眼，引人注目”；stand for“代表”；stand at attention“立正”。由句意可知B项正确。,6. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside. A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up 【解析】选C。句意：在医学院学了五年之后，珍妮在乡村做了一名医生。set out“出发”；take over“接管”；take up“从事”；set up“建造，搭起”。take up her job as a doctor开始作为一名医生。由句意C正确。,7. If you ask the fast runner to set the pace, then most of them will be left _ . A. alone B. behind C. back D. out 【解析】选B。句意：如果你让跑得最快的人来定速度，那么他们中的大多数人都将落后。leave sb. behind“把某人撇在后面”，符合句意。,8. When the family moved to Canada, the children _ very quickly to the new environments. A. appealed B. attached C. adapted D. admitted 【解析】选C。句意：当这家人迁到加拿大后，孩子们很快适应了新的环境。appeal“呼吁，吸引”；attach“连接，使附属于”；adapt“适应”；admit“承认”。,【举一反三】 The new teacher was very quick to _ the rules of the school. A. adapt to B. addict to C. concentrate on D. depend on 【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意：这位新老师很快就适应了学校的制度。adapt to适应；addict to沉溺于；concentrate on全神贯注于；depend on依靠。由句意A正确。,9. They are _ the most reasonable diet which will do good to their health. A. seeking B. stimulating C. shaping D. sinking 【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一直在寻找对他们的健康有好处的最合理的饮食。seek寻找；stimulate刺激；shape使成形，塑造；sink下沉，沉淀。根据句意知A正确。,10. My father is coughing heavily. Youd better _. Its bad for his health. A. discourage him from smoking B. keep him smoking C. force him to stop to smoke D. persuade him to smoke,【解析】选A。答句句意：你最好阻止他抽烟。抽烟对他的身体有害处。keep sb. doing 让某人一直做；C项含义是强迫他停下手中的活，去抽烟；persuade sb. to do sth. 劝服某人做某事，均不合题意。discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。,11. Many people are quite at a loss as to what to do _ a real fire. 2011赣州模拟 A. in honor of B. in need of C. in case of D. in form of,【解析】选C。句意：至于万一真的发生火灾该做什么，许多人相当困惑。in honor of“为纪念”；in need of“需要”；in case of“假如，如果发生”；in the form of “以形式”，D项形式错。,12. You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of _. A. date B. shape C. order D. balance 【解析】选B。句意：你一直坐在我的帽子上，它现在都严重走样了。out of shape是“变形”的意思。根据have been sitting on my hat可知是帽子变形了，而不是out of date“过时”，out of order“混乱”或out of balance“失去平衡”。,13. Its important to write these goals down, rather than _ think about them. A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. specially 【解析】选B。句意：重要的是把这些目标写下来，而不是仅仅考虑一下它们。partly“部分地”；merely“仅仅，只是”；nearly“几乎”；specially“特殊地，特别地”。根据句意可知B项正确。,14. I will telephone you _ I _ your country. A. immediately；set foot on B. as soon；set foot in C. immediate；arrive D. as soon；set foot on 【解析】选A。句意：我一到你的国家就给你打电话。immediately=as soon as一就；set foot on踏上。,15. With so much homework _, I will have to stay up late tonight. A. to do B. to be done C. doing D. done 【解析】选A。本题考查with的复合结构。在该结构中用主动表示被动。根据句意知动作尚未发生，所以用动词不定式表示将来。,. 完形填空 She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever. But 1 nearly 500 years of age, time is catching up with the Mona Lisa. The health of the famous picture, 2 by Leonardo Da Vinci in 1505, is getting 3 by the year, according to the Louvre Museum 4 it is housed.,“The thin, wooden panel 5 the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape 6 experts checked it two years ago, ”the museum said. 7 have noticed changes but repairing the worlds most famous painting is not 8 . Experts are not sure about the materials the 9 artist used and their current chemical state.,Nearly six 10 people go to see the Mona Lisa every year, many attracted by the mystery of her 11 smile. “It is very interesting that when youre not looking at her, she seems to 12 , and then you look at her and she 13 , ”said Professor Margaret. “Its 14 direct vision is excellent at picking up detail, but less suited to looking at shadows. Da Vinci painted the smile in 15 . ”,However, the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as 16 as the smile, Da Vinci himself loved it 17 much that he always carried it with him, until it was eventually sold to Frances King in 1519.,In 1911, the painting was stolen 18 the Louvre by a former employee, who took it out of the museum, 19 under his coat. He said he planned to return it to Italy. The painting was sent back to France two years later. During World War , French hid the painting in small towns to keep it 20 the hands of German forces.,1. A. under B. at C. for D. to 【解析】选B。在某人岁的时候，常用at the age of. . . 或at. . . years of age。 2. A. painted B. painting C. paints D. to paint 【解析】选A。由达芬奇画的画，故用过去分词painted。 3. A. bad B. well C. better D. worse 【解析】选D。根据句意，此画是“日渐毁坏”。而be getting worse有此意。,4. A. when B. after C. where D. why 【解析】选C。where引导的定语从句，表示“收藏的博物馆”，修饰先行词the Louvre Museum。 5. A. which B. in which C. that D. on which 【解析】选D。on which引导的定语从句，强调在Mona Lisa的油画板上。,6. A. for B. before C. since D. until 【解析】选C。由上文的has changed可知应为：自专家们两年前检查以来。故用since。 7. A. Visitors B. Experts C. German forces D. Old ladies 【解析】选A。由上下文可知，此处指的是“游客visitors”。,8. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting D. excellent 【解析】选B。句意：修复此画是不“容易”的。故用easy。 9. A. Germany B. French C. Chinese D. Italian 【解析】选D。根据下文和常识可知：the Italian artist即指Leonardo Da Vinci。,10. A. thousands B. million C. thousands of D. million of 【解析】选B。thousand和million表示确切的数目作定语，修饰名词时不可用复数，故排除A、C两项；如所修饰的名词前有限定词修饰，则须带of，people前没有限定词，故排除D项。,11. A. engage B. engagement C. engaging D. engaged 【解析】选C。形容词engaging意思是“迷人的”，与smile连用表示“迷人的微笑”。 12. A. smile B. be smiled C. have smiled D. be smiling 【解析】选D。句意：似乎一直在笑。故用动词不定式的进行式。,13. A. stops B. continues C. begins D. starts 【解析】选A。用一般现在时，强调永恒。 14. A. why B. that C. because D. whether 【解析】选C。because引导的表语从句，强调原因。 15. A. shadows B. oils C. detail D. short 【解析】选A。根据上下文，此种微笑隐藏在“暗影”之中。故用“in shadows”表示。in detail详细地；in short简言之。,16. A. beautiful B. mysterious C. sunny D. funny 【解析】选B。mysterious神秘的；beautiful美丽的；sunny阳光的；funny滑稽的。根据语境选B。 17. A. such B. as C. rather D. so 【解析】选D。so+adv. /adj. +that如此以致。 18. A. from B. for C. by D. out 【解析】选A。steal sth. from somewhere，指从某地偷出某物。,19. A. hiding B. to hide C. hidden D. be hidden 【解析】选C。“被藏在”衣服中的画，故用过去分词hidden。 20. A. out B. far C. far away D. out of 【解析】选D。keep. . . out of the hands of sb. 使远离某人的控制。,. 短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。,增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。,1. 【解析】第一句中把ticket改为tickets。前面有数字two，故此处使用复数形式。 2. 【解析】第二句中把real改为really。此处really为副词作状语，加强语气。 3. 【解析】第二句中把happen改为happened。此处表示过去发生的事情，故使用一般过去时。 4. 【解析】第四句中把or改为and。此处表示并列关系，并非选择关系。 5. 【解析】第五句中把He改为It。指代上文提到的the opera。,6. 【解析】第六句中把that改为which。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代前面提到的the two books。 7. 【解析】第六句中把interested改为interesting。此处修饰the two books，表示“有趣的”故使用interesting。 8. 【解析】第七句中把review改为reviewing。此处用法为be busy doing sth. 。,9. 【解析】第八句中去掉of。此处be afraid之后接that引导的句子。 10. 【解析】第九句中have后面加a。短语have a good time表示“玩得愉快”。,. 书面表达 2011铁岭模拟 假设有一批英国中学生将来你校就读，校方要求你介绍一下学校的有关要求。请按以下要点写一篇发言稿。 上学要穿戴整洁 上课不迟到、不早退 保持校园清洁 走路靠右行；若要骑车上学，请办自行车许可证,注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入总词数）。 参考词汇：许可证 permit Good morning, dear friendsWelcome to our school. _ _ Thanks.,【参考范文】 Good morning, dear friends. Welcome to our school. Now please allow me to introduce you to some of our school rules here. As high school students, firstly, we are expected to be neatly dressed when at school. Secondly, it must be made clear that we should never be late for class or leave school before it is over. The school is a place for us to live and study in, so we must keep it clean. Lastly, when you are,walking on the road, please remember to keep to the right, and, if you want to go to school by bike, you must have a bicycle permit. Thanks.,.情景对话 根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 W：Do you know what time youll be back this evening, Eric? M： 1 It depends on how long the interview lasts. Oh, dear, 2 I know I can do the job, but the question is how to get this message across to them.,W： Just relax. 3 Dont get yourself worked out. Remember, youve got to make them believe that they need you, and you are not going to let them down. Have some more bread; it will make you feel much better. Er, pass me the milk, will you? 4 M： 2：30. W： Make sure you have a proper lunch. More coffee? And dont get there too early or youll have to hang around. 5 Youll manage OK. Im sure.,A. I hope everything will go just fine. B. What time is your appointment? C. Im not sure. D. Im afraid they wont come. E. Er, dont get yourself worried too much. F. When will you go to the airport? G. Everyone has his first time. 答案：15.CAGBE,.单词拼写 1.My father is a lawyer, and he discouraged（阻止） me from entering the field. 2.He inspired（鼓舞，激励） many young people to take up the sport. 3.Mr. Smith has walked straight into a trap（陷阱，圈套） laid by the Tories. 4.An earthquake of magnitude 7 is reckoned（认为） as a major quake.,5.Helen was promoted（提拔） to senior manager. 6.What made you suspect（怀疑） her of having taken the money? 7.He earnestly appealed（恳求，呼吁） to his friends for help. 8.The children are finding it hard to adapt（适应） to the new school.,9.Ive got a good sense of balance（平衡） and learnt to ski quite quickly. 10.One of the computers is broken and shes blaming（把归咎于） it on me.,.完成句子 1.这些广告攻势对销售额没有起到太大的作用。 The advertising didnt have much effect on sales. 2.家长不在时，孩子们便在家里玩。 In the absence of their parents, the children played in the house. 3.他爸爸是工程师，他妈妈也是。 His father is an engineer, so is his mother.,4.万一遇到任何困难，请立即给我打电话。 In case of any difficulty, please call me at once. 5.她很快就适应了这种新气候。 She adapted herself quickly to the new climate. 6.老师从昨天留下的部分开始讲。 The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped yesterday. 7.你放心好了，他们会支持你的。 You may depend on it that they will support you.,8.他们劝阻我采取那个步骤。 They discouraged me from taking that step. 9.这件事遗留下一连串的问题和困难。 The incident left behind a long train of problems and difficulties. 10.直到老师进来学生才停止说话。 Not until the teacher came in did the students stopped talking .,.语法和词汇知识 1.Varieties of activities in the supermarket _ many different types of interest and taste among the public_ its out-of-date goods. A. adjust to；to deposit B. cater to；to promote C. apply to；to take to D. appeal to；to claim,【解析】选B。句意：为了推销过时的商品，这家超市用各种各样的活动来迎合公众的口味。adjust to适应；cater to迎合，满足需要；apply to适用于；appeal to吸引。deposit寄存；promote推销；take to开始喜欢；claim声称。根据句意B项正确。,【举一反三】 He has been _ to general manager because of his excellent work in the company. A. proposed B. produced C. promoted D. programmed 【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。promote提升；晋升。句意为：因为他在公司的出色工作，他已经被晋升为总经理。propose建议；produce生产；产生。programme编制程序；计划，安排。根据题意可知C正确。,2.The new law has come into _；surely it will have _ on industry of the country. 2011潍坊模拟 A. affect；an effect B. effect；affect C. effect；an effect D. an effect；an effect 【解析】选C。句意：新法律已经开始实施，这必定对我们的工业有影响。come into effect开始实施；have an effect on对有影响，均属固定搭配。,3.In the past, he rarely spoke unless others were speaking about something that _ to him. 2011渭南模拟 A. tended B. addicted C. appealed D. applied 【解析】选C。句意：在过去他很少说话，除非别人谈论使他感兴趣的话题。appeal to“吸引，使感兴趣”；tend to“趋向于；照顾；照料”；be addicted to.“沉湎于”；apply to“向申请；适用于”，由句意C正确。,4.What do you know about the traffic accident _ yesterday? It was the drunken driver who was _ for it. A. occurred；to blame B. occurring；to blame C. to be occurred；to be blamed D. occurring；to be blamed,【解析】选B。occur“发生”，是不及物动词，由于第一空是在句中作定语，所以要用occurring；“某人应该受到责备”常用sb. be to blame来表示，所以第二空要用to blame。故答案为B。,【方法技巧】不定式主动表被动的情况 一、在某些固定句型中, 动词不定式作定语, 用主动形式表被动意义。 (1)have（give, show）sth. to do 在这种句型中的不定式与前边的名词有动宾关系, 又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关
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