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倒装句1、 定义：英语最基本的语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。但有时由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，就要采用倒装形式。Eg：The bus comes here. Here comes the bus. 车来了。2、 分类：全倒装:将谓语动词完全移到主语之前称为完全倒装， 半倒装:只将助动词或情态动词放到主语之前称为部分倒装。Eg：Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house. 很多年前有一位老人住在那间木屋里。 Never have I been late for school this term. 这学期，我从来没上学迟到过。3、 全倒装：“五全”=有 时 表 地 方经常与be/come/exist/fall/follow/go/remain/seem/stand（表示移动或动态的不及物动词连用）或用表示类似“存在”观念的其他不及物动词如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等 、“有”：在“there be”结构里Eg：There is a box on the table. 桌子上面有一个盒子。 、“时”：表示时间副词，如：now，then,Eg：Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 、“表”：表语放句子前，“表语系动词主语”的结构Eg：Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. 格林先生和其他的客人在这个聚会上。 Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 一群年轻人坐在了地上。 、“地”：地点状语放在句首Eg：In south of the river lies a small factory. 小工厂位于河的南方。 From the valley came a cry. 山谷传来一阵哭声。 、“方”：表方位的副词here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off等标志词放在句首Eg：There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 房子前面有一大片麦田。 Off all the lights went when I came in. 当我进来时，所有的灯都灭了。四、半倒装：“八部”=不 只 让步 也 常 需（虚） 如此 祝福 、“不”表示否定 、no, not, never, hardly, no,not,never,hardly,barely,seldom,rarely,scarcely,no longer,nowhereEg:Never have I been to Beijing. 我从没有没有去过北京。 、绝不：at n time, in no way, by no means, on no account, in no case, in/under no circumstanceEg:At no time can we give up. 我们决不能放弃。 、Not until .:直到Eg:Not until my mother came home did I go to bed. 知道我妈妈回家我才睡觉。 、Hardly/ Scarcely.(过完）.when.（一过）.:一.就. No sooner.(过完）.than.（一过）.:一.就.Eg:He had hardly got home when it happened to rain.= Had he hardly got home when it happened to rain. 他一到家碰巧就下雨了。 、Not only.but also.:（前倒后不倒）Eg：Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人 、“只”：only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句子开头时。Eg：Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只有到那时我才意识到我错了。 Only in this way can you learn from your mistake. 只有用这样的方法你可以从错误中学习。 Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 只有当战争于1918年结束时候，他才能够快乐地回到工作当中。当only之后所接的不是状语时不可以用倒装Eg：Only Comrade Zhang knows about the matter. 只有张同志知道这件事。 、“让步”：as/though/although引导让步状语从句时要倒装（形/副/名/动+as +主语 + 谓语）Eg： Proud as they are， they are afraid to see me. 尽管他们自豪，但是他们还怕见到我。 Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词） 尽管他是个孩子，但他好像知道一切。 Hard as he worded， he made little progress. 尽管他努力工作，但是几乎没什么进步。以上句中as可以替换though/although，但是as更加常用。 、“也”：so/nor/neither开头,表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句 so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”“也这样”；nor/neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”。Eg:I am watching TV. So is she. 我正在看电视，她也在看。 My parents didnt watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I.我父母昨晚没有看电视，我也没有看。表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。 、“常”：表示频度副词如：often、many a time, now and again等经常用于正式的文体中Eg：Often did he advise them not to smoke. 他经常建议他们不要抽烟。 、“需=虚拟”：省略if的虚拟条件句，把助动词were、had、should提到主语前面时Eg：Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,weshouldnthaveachievedsomuch. 要不是你的帮助，我们不可能收获这么多。 、“如此”：so/suchthat。从句中，当so+形容词/副词或such+名词位于句首时。Eg：Soexhaustedwasshethatshewantedtohavearest.他是如此地疲惫以至于想要休息一下。 、“祝福”：当may放在句首，表达祝愿时。Eg：Mayyousucceed! 祝你成功！五、练习题Part One 单项选择1._ and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown3. Over _ , dead. A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goat C. did the goat roll D. the goat rolled4. Where is my shirt, mum? _. A. There is it B. There it is C. There is D. Here is it5. Where is your father? Oh, _. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he6.The door opened and there _ . A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now _ your turn to recite the text. A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is8. Often _ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised9. _ playing soldiers. A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boys C. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. are hanging B .Hanged C. hang D. hangs 11. _ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _ , who is no less than eighty. A. that lives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man13.She plays the piano very well, _. A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us14.You say he works hard, _, and _. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does; so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. _. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16.I dont think Jack will come today, _. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesnt C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often forgot to _ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have21.So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. _ his appearance that no one could recognize him. A. Strange so was B. So strange was C. Was so strange D. So was strange23.Not once _ their plan. A. did they change B. they changed C. changed they D. they did change24. Never _ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A. are seeing B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have I seen25.Seldom _ TV during the day. A. they watch B. are they watching C. have they watched D. do they watch26.Nowhere _ as in my garden. A. the flowers were so beautiful B. were the flowers so beautiful C. so beautiful were the flowers D. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly _ his homework when he went out. A. finished he B. he had finished C. did he finish D. had he finished28.Scarcely _ finished their homework _ I came into the classroom. A. had they; than B. they had; when C. had they; when D. did they; when29. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it. A. has he made B. does he make C. he made D. did he make30. Not until his comrades criticized him _ to admit his mistake. A. had he begun B. began he C. did he begin D. does he beginPart Two 翻译下列句子。要求：先用正常语序翻译，然后再改写成倒装句。1.学习做饭不仅使孩子们更加独立，给他们一项基本的生活技能，而且还可以让他们远离垃圾食品。（not onlybut also; independent; junk food）原句：倒装：2.广告不仅让我们了解最新的产品而且还很有娱乐性。（not onlybut also; keep sb informed of /about sth; product; entertaining）原句：倒装：3.直到最后一刻他才告诉我真相。（notuntil）原句：倒装：4.直到失去健康你才会意识到它的重要性。（notuntil）原句：倒装：5.只有用这种方法才能拯救她的生命。（only）原句：倒装：6.只有当他们回来时，我才知道发生了什么事。（only）原句：倒装：7.我们有如此多的作业要做以至于我们没有时间放松。（sothat; relax）原句：倒装：8.Emma是如此的迷人以至于所有人的目光都集中在她身上。(sothat; focus ones eyes on)原句：倒装：9.汤姆刚到家电话就响了。（hardlywhen或者no soonerthan，注意时态）原句：倒装：10.他从未想到自己经历十多年的努力后，终于能在激烈的竞争中脱颖而出，并赢得这么多的掌声和鼓励。（never）原句：倒装：Part Three 语法填空One day a young man was standing in the middle of the town proclaiming(宣告)that he had the most beautiful heart in the whole valley. A large crowd1(gather), and they all admired his heart for it was perfect. Suddenly, an old man appeared and said, “Why, your heart is not nearly as beautiful as2. ”The crowd and the young man looked at the old mans heart, 4 was full of scars. It had places where pieces had been removed and otherpieces put in, but they didnt fit quite right, and there were several jagged(凹凸不平的)edges. In fact, in some places there were deep gouges(沟槽)where whole pieces were5(miss). The young man laughed. “Comparing your heart with mine, mine is perfect and yours is a mess of scars. ”“Yes, ”said the old man, “Yours looks perfect6I would never trade with you. You see, every scar represents a person to7I have given my love. I tear out a piece of my heart and give it to them, and often they give me a piece of their heart that fits into the empty place in my heart. But because the pieces arent exact, I have some rough edges, which I cherish, because they remind me of8love we shared. Sometimes I have given pieces of my heart away, and the other person hasnt returned a piece of his or her heart9me. These are the empty gouges. Although these gouges are painful, they stay open, 24(remind)me of the love I have for those people. So now do you see10true beauty is? ”参考答案：单项选择：15 CABBA 610 BBBDA 1115 BCCBA 1620 BAACC 2125 ABADD 2630 BDCDC翻译答案：1.Learning cooking not only makes children more independent and gives them a basic life skill, but also keeps them away from junk food.倒装：Not only does learning cooking make children more independent, .2.Advertisements not only keep us informed of the latest products, but (they) also are entertaining.倒装：Not only do advertisements keep us informed of the latest products,.3.He didnt tell me the truth until the last moment.倒装：Not until the last moment did he tell me the truth.4.You wont realize the importance of health until you lose it.倒装：Not until you lose it will you realize the importance of health.5.We could save her life only in this way.倒装：Only in this way could we save her life.6.I knew what had happened only when they returned home.倒装：Only when they returned home did I know what had happened.7.We have so much homework to do that we dont have time to relax.倒装：So much homework do we have to do that we dont have time to relax.8.Emma is so attractive that everyone focuses their eyes on her. 倒装：So attractive is Emma that everyone focuses their eyes on her.9.Tom had hardly got home when the bell rang.倒装: Hardly had Tom got home when the bell rang. Tom had no sooner got home than the bell rang.倒装：No sooner had Tom got home than the bell rang.语法填空：1.gathered 2.mine 3.which 4.missing 5.but6.whom 7.the 8.to 9.reminding 10.what, 12
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