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Unit 3Task 1【答案】A. 1) F 2) T 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) TB.1) She takes care of the Jotmsons children when their mother is sick.2) When they got to the theater, they found that the G movie wasnt there any more. The theater was showing an X-rated movie called GIRLS.3) Since she didnt know what X meant, she thought a movie about girls would be fine for little girls.【原文】Jack: Did you hear what happened to Helga? She almost lost her job. Mary: I didnt know she had one.Jack: Well, its just a part-time job. Helga takes care of the Jotmsons children when their mother is sick. Mrs. Johnson hasnt been well lately.Mary: What happened? Why did Helga almost lose her job?Jack: Well, there was a childrens movie advertised at the neighborhood theater last Saturday. It was one of those G movies, for general audiences.Mary: I suppose Helga took the Johnson children to the movie. Wasnt that all right?Jack: Yes, but here is what happened. When they got to the theater, they found that the G movie wasnt there any more. The theater was showing an X-rated movie called GIRLS.Mary: X-rated movies are really bad, arent they?Jack: Theyre even worse than R-rated ones which teenagers arent supposed to see. But Helga didnt know what X meant, and she thought a movie about girls would be fine for little girls.Mary: Did the theater let her in?Jack: No, but Helga tried to make them let her in. The manager had to call Mrs. Johnson. Thats how she almost lost her job.Task 2【答案】A. 1) F 2) T 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) FB. Judy watched a bit of TV last night. Before the football came on, she switched over just to protest, for she couldnt bear football, and thus she saw the end of the film The Graduate. When the football came on, she turned over to a programme on foxes. After the foxes, she turned over back to see who won the football, but only saw the beginning of the News. Then she packed up and went to bed.【原文】Stuart: What did you do last night then? Did you work all night? Judy: Yes, I did some work, but I watched a bit of TV . Got to relax, you know. Stuart: Did you watch the football? Judy: No, no I didnt. I cant bear football. Stuart: Really? Judy: Yes. I really hate it. Well, actually, just before the football came on, I switched over just to . just to protest. Stuart: What did you see then? Judy: Well, I saw the programme before . just the end of a film that was on before the football. It looked quite good actually. Its a shame I didnt switch on earlier. It was some kind of love story . with Dustin Hoffman, you know, The erm . Stuart: The Graduate? Judy: Thats it. The Graduate. Stuart: Yes. I know. Ive seen that. Yes, good film. Judy: Yes, and nice music. And then, when the football came on I turned over. Stuart: Terrible, terrible! Judy: I hate it! I really cant stand it. Stuart: It was a great game! Judy: Yes? Who was playing? Stuart: England, of course. What did you see then, that was more important than football? Judy: Foxes. Yes, a good programme on foxes. Yes, they spent ages watching these foxes in a house. They were watching them all night and these little baby foxes. It was tremendous. Stuart: Yes, sounds all right. Judy: Yes, it was goodbetter than football . and then, then I turned over, back to the other channel to see who won the football, but I missed it and I just saw the beginning of the news and packed up and went to bed. Stuart: Well, Im sorry you missed it. It was a good game. Judy: Who did win? Stuart: England, of course. Who do you think? Six nil. Yes. Judy: Must have been quite good then! Stuart: Yes, it was good, actually. It was very good. Task 3【答案】A. 1) b) 2) c)B. 1) F 2) F 3) FC.Topic: How the movies are producedThesis: There are six basic steps that are normally followed in the production of a full-length film.Steps: First stepfinding a property; two types of properties1) An original story e.g. Star Wars, Back to the Future, Rocky2) A property from a novel, play, or musicale.g. The Sound of Music, Tess, The GodfatherSecond stepwriting the script; two options1) The original writer takes part in the production of the script2) Directors write the scripts themselves【原文】Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! Lets start this introduction to filmmaking with a simple question: How many of you have seen a movie this week? It doesnt matter if it was at the theater or just on your own TV. Uhhuh, just as I thought, almost all of you have. Of course, most of us love the moviesthe magic, the escape that they provide, but most of us rarely stop to think about the process of making a movie. Just what does it take to get that movie from the idea stage to the final product? What are the decisions that must be made? What problems are encountered? Exactly how does a movie studio go about making a movie? These are precisely the topics that we will be exploring today. There are six basic steps that are normally followed in the production of a full-length film. Ill outline them for you. The first step is rather obvious-to make a film you must have an idea., a story.some topic for the project. The studio must find a property. Thats a key word, folksproperty, p-r-o-p-e-r-t-y. You all know the common meaning of this word, of course, but in filmmaking the word property has a very specific meaning. A property is the story on which the movie will be based. Okay, its the story on which the movie is based. You are probably wondering why we call it a property. Well, it belongs to someone; it is that persons property and must be acquired by the studio, sometimes for quite a large sum of money. There are basically two kinds of properties. The first is an original story that has never appeared anywhere beforenever been in a book, or magazine, or another film. In other words, the story is intended from the very beginning to be made into a movie. Star Wars is one good example of this type of propertyyou do remember that famous science fiction film, dont you? Another example is Back to the Futureoh, and also Rocky. All of these were based on a story written only for the purpose of making a movie. Actually though, the majority of properties, for famous films at least, come from novels, plays, or musicals that are already published. Examples of this type of property include The Sound of Music, which was originally a play, Tess, a famous novel, and The Godfather, which was also first a novel. Okay, thats step number onefinding a property. Well, now we have the property. The next step is to prepare a script from that property. This part of the process can take several months or sometimes even a year or more. Its quite a lengthy and time-consuming process. During this time, the scriptwriter, producer, and director usually work very closely with each other. Recently, there has been a trend to also have the original writerthe original property owner take part in the production of the script. This means that if the property is taken from a book or play, the original author of the book or play is involved in writing the script. This is a good trend, I think. Who could possibly know the story better or understand it more clearly than its original creator? Another option, however, is for directors to write scripts themselves. This often occurs because scriptwriters are not only responsible for the dialog, but they also must specify what kind of camera shots they want used. For instance, in all scenes, and especially long scenes that dont have any dialog, the scriptwriter must describe what the camera should focus on, what should be in the center of the shot, what mood the image should present. Directors have much more experience with camera work and often prefer to write the script themselves for this reason. So thats step number twowriting the script.Task 4【答案】A. 1) a) 2) a)B. 1) F 2) F 3) TC.Topic: How movies are producedThesis: There are six basic steps that are normally followed in the production of a full-length film.Steps: Third stepcasting the film; two types of casting1) Building the movie around a famous starAdvantages: A famous star is a great asset to the film. It attracts fans automatically. Financial success of the movie depends on how many people come to see it.Disadvantages: Famous star are very expensive. They take attention away from the story itself. They distract the audience.2) Casting movies with unknown actors and actressesAdvantages: Movie centers around the story itself. Make the movie more believable.Fourth stepfilming the movie; done in two types of places1) Soundstagesboth pictures and dialogs are recorded.2) Partially filmed on locationin a real setting.Note: all the scenes with a big star can done first, or all the scenes shot at the same location can be filmed at the same time. 【原文】Okay, now the script is finished and approved, and we are ready for the next stepa very critical step indeedthe casting of the film.The success or failure of a movie can depend on the ability of the actors and actresses to convince us that they really are the characters that they are portraying. The producer and the director must choose the cast very, very carefully. This step of choosing the actors and actresses is called casting. Got it? Casting is choosing the actors and actresses, the cast of the movie. There are, in general, two types of casting. The first and the most common approach is to build the movie around a famous star. It is obvious that having a well-recognized name in the cast is a great asset to the film. Having someone, like Tom Cruise, Meryl Streep, or Harrison Ford will automatically attract large numbers of their fans to the movie. And of course, the financial success of the movie depends on how many people come to see it. Now, there is also a second type of casting, and it has worked very well at times. Although it is true that top stars can attract audiences, they are also very, very expensive. With this in mind, some producers and directors cast their movies with unknown actors and actresses, concentrating on who fits the part the best, not who has the biggest name. Actually, this approach, as I said, can work quite well because sometimes a big star can actually take attention away from the story itself. In other words, the stars distract the audience! The audience focuses on the star, not on the story. One example of this second type of casting is the movie E. T., which is, in fact, one of the most popular movies of all time. Unknown child actors and actresses were hired and the movie centered around the story itself. The producer and director probably thought that unknown actors would make the movie more believable. A big star might actually hurt that movie. Well, on to the next step. After the casting has been completed, the fourth step, filming the movie, can begin. Filming any kind of major motion picture usually takes about six to eight months. Now, you might not know this, but filming rarely takes place in the same order as the story. The reason for shooting in a different time order is that all the scenes with a big star can be done first, or all the scenes shot at the same location can be filmed at the same time. So what happens is this: The order scenes are filmed in and the order they appear in the movie are almost always completely different. It would be inconvenient and costs would increase dramatically if scenes were filmed in the order that we see them in the finished movie. The filming itself is done in two types of places. The first is studio buildings called soundstages. They were given this name because both pictures and dialogs are recorded there. These soundstages can be made to appear like almost anythingfrom a fourteenth-century town to a small hotel room. In addition to soundstages, most movies are partially filmed on locationin a real setting. On location means that the actors, actresses, film crew, and other necessary personnel must travel to a place like, maybe, a South American jungle or downtown Paris, or wherever, for filming certain scenes. This makes the movie more interesting and realistic. Indoor scenes can easily be filmed on a soundstage, but scenes that require extensive use of outdoor scenery or use famous places as backgrounds must be done on location to be realistic.As you can imagine, the costs of filming on location are enormous. People and equipment must be flown to the place, living accommodations must be found, and food has to be provided for a large number of people. There are lots of practical problems like these. The added realism of filming on location adds a lot of expense to a film.Task 5【答案】2) we never fond it difficult to occupy our spare time3) We used to enjoy civilized pleasures4) All our free time is regulated by TV5) It demands and obtains absolute silence and attention6) Whole generations are growing up addicted to it7) It is a universal pacifier8) rubbishy commercials or spectacles of sadism and violence9) vast quantities of creative work10) they cant keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well11) becomes a village, is reduced to preliterate communities, utterly dependent on pictures and the spoken word12) It encourages passive enjoyment13) It cuts us off from the real world14) from communicating with each other15) how totally irrelevant television is to real living【原文】“Yes, but what did we use to do before there was television?” How often we hear statements like this! Television hasnt been with us all that long, but we are already beginning to forget what the world was like without it. Before we admitted the one-eyed monster into our homes, we never fond it difficult to occupy our spare time. We used to enjoy civilized pleasures. For instance, we used to have hobbies; we used to entertain our friends and be entertained by them; we used to go outside for our amusements to theatres, cinemas, restaurants and sporting events. We even used to read books and listen to music and broadcast talks occasionally. All that belongs to the past. Now all our free time is regulated by the “goggle box”. We rush home or gulp down our meals to be in time for this or that programme. We have even given up sitting at table and having a leisurely evening meal, exchanging the news of the day. A sandwich and a glass of beer will do anything, providing it doesnt interfere with the programme. The monster demands and obtains absolute silence and attention. If any member of the family dares to open his mouth during a programme, he is quickly silenced. Whole generations are growing up addicted to the telly. Food is left uneaten, homework undone and sleep is lost. The telly is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living-room and turning on the set. It doesnt matter that the children will watch rubbishy commercials or spectacles of sadism and violence so long as they are quiet. There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Every day, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the programmes are so bad: it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same programmes, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate communities. We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of communication: pictures and the spoken word. Television encourages passive enjoyment. We become content with second-hand experiences. It is so easy to sit in our armchairs watching others working. Little by little, television cuts us off from the real world. We get so lazy we choose to spend a fine day in semi-darkness, glued to our sets, rather than go out into the world itself. Television may be s splendid medium of communication, but it prevents us from communicating with each other. We only become aware how totally irrelevant television is to real living when we spend a holiday by the sea or in the mountains, far away from civilization. In quiet, natural surroundings, we quickly discover how little we miss the hypnotic tyranny of King Telly.Task 6【答案】A.1) It came from Alans eldest son.2) Because there were lots of children in a film about gangsters in New York.3) They visited ordinary schools and stage schools and Christmas shows all over America, and looked forAmerican children in Britain, too. Alan saw about 100 videos of Christmas shows and auditioned over 10,000 children.4) All the clothes had to be in the right style but in small sizes, even the gangster hats.B. 1) c 2) e 3) a 4) b 5) f 6) d【原文】Mike: Welcome to Radio Time, and this months edition of Film World. Im very pleased to have Alan Parker with me for todays program. Alan, you made one of the most famous and popular childrens films of all timeBugsy Malone. Tell me, when did you first think of the idea for Bugsy Malone?Alan: Well, I have to say that I didnt think of the idea myself. It came from my eldest son.Mike: Ah, so you knew it was a good idea for a childrens film.Alan: Yes. I took the idea and wrote the full story. That was in 1973.Mike: Was it difficult to write?Alan: No, it was more difficult to get the money to make the film. A lot of people thought it was a strange idealots of children in a film about gangsters in New York.Mike: Is it a true story?Alan: Not quite. But there were two gangs in New York in 1929, the year of my story.Mike: How did you choose the actors?Alan: That was a lot of work. We visited ordinary schools and stage schools and Christmas shows all over America. And we looked for American children in Britain, too. I saw about 100 videos of Christmas shows, and we auditioned over 10,000 children for the cast.Mike: So there was a lot of competition to get a part?Alan: Oh yes, but there always is.Mike: How long did it take to film Bugsy Malone?Alan: Eleven weeks. The filming was quite quick in fact. But we had to do a lot of work first. We needed 300 costumes, I remember. And all the clothes had to be in the right style but in small sizes, even the gangster hats.Task 7【答案】A.1)T 2)F 3)T 4)T 5)F 6)F 7)F 8)FB.1) a) 2) b) 3) a) 4) c) 5) b) 6) b) 7) b) 8) c)【原文】Matthew: Television is undoubtedly a great invention, but one of the maincriticisms of it is that people just arent selective enough. Lesley, youve got a television; how do you pick out the sorts of programmes you want to watch? Lesley: I try and look at the prograxnmes that are on to decide whichparticular ones interest me, rather than you turning it on a seven oclock and you leaving it on until half-past eleven when the programmes finish. Matthew: Do you think of television though as a great time-waster? Lesley: Un .I think it can be a time waster and it depends on how particularpeople are aboutwhat you know, what they want to see. Um, it can just be a sort oftotal amusement for someone and totally consuming without really considering what it is theyre watching. Matthew: Aha, but how do you prevent it coming into your life and taking overyour evenings and at the same time perhaps getget out of thetelevision some of the sort of best thingsbest programmes that.that undoubtedly are on television? Lesley: Well, I suppose one of the problems is.will depend on what a personslife style is, and that if he has other outside interests which are equally important to him as television, he will then, you know, be more
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