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welcome to my class,Grammatical Filling,语法填空,一篇200字左右的短文或对话 能力考查： 理解语篇、句子结构、 运用语法、单词短语,syllabus interpretation(考纲解读）：,10空,有给定词 （不超过3词）,无给定词 （仅限1词）,动词 名词：单复数及词性转换 形容词/副词：词性及词义转换 比较级、最高级,连词：and, but, or，however, therefore， 引导词(从句): who, that, what 代词：they, him, our, themselves 介词：in, on, to, for 冠词： a/an, the,谓语动词：时态 语态 主谓一致 不作谓语动词：作非谓语或词性转换,分析句子结构，理解句意 确定所填词汇,Three steps to solve problems:,通读全文,理解大意,一读 二填 三检查,语法是否正确，逻辑是否合理,solving strategies:,形式一 有给定词,(一)提供动词类,动词,若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态，语态，主谓一致。 示例When he was a child, His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games .,解析：因主语His fear of failure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句时态可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept。,示例 That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _ (close) my book and walked away.,解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词declined，但由and walked可知，所填词与declined和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。,若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing式、ed形式，用不定式形式，或者相应的词性转换。 示例 but it is not enough only _(memorize) rules from a grammar book.,解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。,示例 _ (complete) the project as planned, well have to work two more hours a day.,解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。,示例 The headmaster went into the lab, _(follow) by the foreign guests.,解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词followed作伴随状语。,示例 There will be a meeting _ (start) later this year to review the film.,解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。,若提示词给的是名词，可能会考查名词的单复数，词性转换，或需要做词义变换。,有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-等，在词根后加-less等,（三 ）提供形容词副词类,若提供的词是形容词或副词，考查的可能是词性转换，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级，或者词义的转换,括号在所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能考查其比较级或最高级,原则六：由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。 (1)由it isthat强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。 示例 and _was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat icecream!,解析：由句式结构可知，本句为强调句，应填it。,(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。 示例 _with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.,解析：由can you expect to可知，这是倒装句，根据构成倒装的条件可知，应填副词only，因为“only +状语(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒装。,(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。 示例 as _took students just three minutes to finish exercise ,解析：由句式结构可知，这是it takes sb some time to do sth.句型，本句的不定式to finish exercise 是真正的主语，空格处填形式主语it。,示例 Susan made _ clear to me that she wished to live a new life for herself.,解析：由句式结构可知，that she wished是真正的宾语，clear是宾补，空格处应填作形式宾语的it。,(4)so /suchthat句型。 示例 This made the goat so jealous _it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey.,解析：由句式结构可知，这是sothat句型，应填that。,(5)morethan (与其说不如说，比更)句型。如： 示例Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _ how much he pays.,解析：由句式结构可知，这是morethan句型，故填than。句意是与经理所给的报酬相比，雇员更铭记于心的是他的关心。,10空,有给定词 （不超过3词）,无给定词 （仅限1词）,动词 名词：单复数及词性转换 形容词/副词：词性及词义转换 比较级、最高级,连词：and, but, or，however, therefore， 引导词(从句): who, that, what 代词：they, him, our, themselves 介词：in, on, to, for 冠词： a/an, the,谓语动词：时态 语态 主谓一致 不作谓语动词：作非谓语或词性转换,Homework,1.remember all the rules. 2.practise doing grammatical filling exercises as many as possible.,Practice makes perfect.,衷心预祝： 同学们在今年高考中取得优异成绩！,Thanks a lot! Bye!,
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