2011年海淀区高三英语第一学期期末试题(答案版).doc

2011年海淀区高三英语第一学期期末试题（答案版）第二部分 知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第一节 单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21Do you have Marys address?Sorry, I dont have it _ me at presentAto Bon Cfor Dfrom答案:B解析:考查固定短语。“have sth on sb(某人身上有什么)”，根据语境：你有玛利的地址吗?抱歉，目前我身上没有带。所以答案选B。22Mike seldom asks _ questions in class, but today he raised _ fairly good oneA/; a Bthe; a C/; the D/; /答案:A解析:考查冠词的用法。根据语境：迈克从不在课堂上问问题，但是今天他提了一个很好的问题。第一空是泛指的概念，所以什么也不填，第二空是类别，指“一个很好的问题”，所以填不定冠词“a”，所以答案选A。23Hi, David, I heard you had an accident this morningYesLuckily, I hit the brakes in time _ I would be injured badlyAand Bbut Cor Dso答案:C解析:考查连词的用法。根据语境：大卫，听说你今天上午遭遇了一场交通事故。是的，幸运的是我及时刹住了车，否则的话我会严重受伤的。所以答案选C。24You really need to go out and get some fresh air and sunshineYou _ overworked during the last two weeksAhave been Bwere Chad been Dwould be答案:A解析:考查动词的时态。“during the last two weeks(在最近两个星期)”是现在完成时的一个标志。25They went on well at first but eventually everything _ they had worried about happenedAwhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhen答案:C解析:考查定语从句的用法。因为先行词是“everything”，所以关系代词用“that”而不用“which”，所以答案选C。26Can I ask you a few straightforward questions about yourself？No problemI like _ when people are open and directAthat Bthis Cit Dthem答案:C解析:考查“it”的用法。“I like it when”属于固定句型。27The conference aims to develop business and let people think about _ they can have a positive influence on the planetAwhy Bthat Cwhat Dhow【答案】D 解析:考查介宾从句的用法。根据语境，这个会议的目的是发展商业以及让人们考虑他们如何能够对这个星球有积极的影响。从句缺少的是关系副词“如何”，所以A项，B项和C项都不正确。28Ann _ here any moreShe left last monthAwont work Bdoesnt work Chasnt workedDisnt working答案:B解析:考查动词的时态。根据语境：Ann不在这里工作了，她是上个月离开的。说的是目前的情况，所以用一般现在时。29_ the chapter four times, I finally understood the authors theoryAReading BHaving read CTo read DRead答案:B解析:考查非谓语动词的用法。根据语境：直到把这章读了四次，最后我才理解作者的理论。先“读”再“理解”，“读”的动作发生在“理解”之前，所以用非渭语动词的完成时。30They live on a busy roadThere _ be a lot of noise from the trafficAmust Bmay Cwould Dcould答案:A解析:考查情态动词的用法。根据语境：他们住在繁忙的道路上，一定有来自于交通工具的噪音。所以答案选A。31Once again he failed to hand in his homework _ he had been given enough time to do itAin case Bas though Cso that Deven though答案:D解析:考查连词的用法。根据语境：即使已经给了他足够的时间做作业，他还是没有交他的作业。所以答案选D。32If your order is ready, the T-shirt _ to you as soon as possibleAhas delivered Bis delivered Cwill deliver Dwill be delivered答案:D解析:考查时态。根据句意“这件T恤会尽可能快地送给你。”所以时态用将来时，又因为是“被送”，所以答案选D。33Id like to have _ carThe one I have got keeps breaking downAa reliable Ba more reliableCa most reliable Dthe most reliable答案:B解析:考查比较级的用法。根据语境：我想要一辆更可靠的轿车，我原来的那辆不停地出故障。34Its always better to tell the truthLies have a bad habit of _ you!Acatching up withBcalling on Ctaking care ofDlooking for答案:A解析:考查动词短语的用法。根据句意撒谎是一个坏习惯，也就是说一旦你养成了撒谎的坏习惯，它就会经常伴随你。所以A项“伴随”正确，其他都不符合语境。35The Hotel Al Arab _ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.Awas consideredBconsidering Cbeing considered Dconsidered答案:D解析:考查非谓语动词的用法。“considered the first and only 7-star hotel in the world”作“the Hotel AL Arab”的后置定语。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。One day, many years ago, when I was working as a psychologist at a childrens institution in England, an adolescent boy showed up in the waiting room. I went out there where he was 36 up and down restlessly.Tim wore a black raincoat that was 37 all the way up to his neck. His face was pale, and he stared at his feet while wringing （扭） his hands nervously. He had 38 his father as a baby, and had lived with his mother and grandfather ever since. But the year before he turned 13, his grandfather and mother were killed in a car accident.I looked at Tim. He was very 39 and depressed （in low spirits）. He refused to talk to me. The first two times we 40 , Tim only sat hunched up （蜷缩） in the chair without saying a word. As he was about to leave after the second visit, I put my hand on his shoulder. He didnt 41 back, but he didnt look at me either.“Come back next week, if you like,” I said. I 42 a bit. Then I said, “I know it hurts.”He came, and I _43_ we play chess. He nodded. After that we played chess every Wednesday afternoonin 44 and without making any eye contact. Its not easy for me to _45_ in chess, but I admit that I made sure Tim won once or twice.Usually, he arrived earlier, took the chessboard and pieces and set them up before I even got a（n） 46 to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my 47 . But why did he 48 look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his 49 with,” I thought.One afternoon, Tim took off his raincoat and put it on the back of the chair. While he was setting up the chess pieces, his face seemed more 50 and his motions more lively.Some months later, I sat staring at Tims head, 51 he was bent over the chessboard. I was thinking about how little we knew about the healing （治疗） process. 52 , he looked up at me. “Its your 53 ,” he said.After that day, Tim started talking.Maybe I gave Tim something, but I learned a lot from him. He showed me how one-without any wordscan 54 out to another person. All it 55 is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, a sympathetic natureand an ear that listens.36Awalking Bjumping Csitting Djogging37AputBbuttonedCwrappedDtied38AhatedBfoundCmissedDlost39AsadBmadCcalmDtough40AtalkedBtriedCgatheredDmet41AcallBcomeCdrawDget42AsuspectedBhesitatedCworriedDdoubted43AinsistedBdemandedCrequiredDsuggested44AsatisfactionBpatienceCsilenceDexcitement45AcheatBmoveCplayDwin46ApromiseBinvitationCorderDchance47AattendanceBtechniqueCcompanyDinstruction48AsometimesBneverCoftenDever49ApainBsecretCideasDinterests50AseriousBlovelyCaliveDpale51AsinceBuntilCbeforeDwhile52ASuddenlyBNervouslyCStrangelyDFortunately53AtimeBturnCfaultDway54AfigureBleaveCbringDreach55AworksBgivesCtakesDmakes【文章大意】我辅导治疗了一个心理受到伤害的孩子，从那个孩子身上我学会了很多东西，人与人的交流，可能需要的是一个拥抱，一个可以哭泣的肩膀，一个友好的触摸，同情的本性，甚至是一双聆听的耳朵。36答案:A解析:根据上下文可知我是一个心理!学家，我遇见了一个有心理障碍的孩子，所以这个孩子出现在休息室的时候，他在来来回回地无休止的走动。B项“跳”；C项“坐”；D项“慢跑”，都不正确。37答案:B解析:Tim穿着一4EF6 黑色的雨衣，那件黑雨衣的扣子一直扣到脖子里。38.答案:D解析:根据下文“自从那时以来，他和他的妈妈、姥姥一起生活”，所以他是在婴儿的时候失去了他的父亲。答案选D。39答案:A解析:我看着Tim，他很伤心。40答案:D解析:根据上下文他拒绝和我说话，我前两次见他的时候，他总是蜷缩在椅子里不说话。41答案:C解析:根据上下文“两次见面之后，他正要离开，我把手放在他的肩膀上，他没有缩回，但是也没有看我。”A项“回电话”和B项回来”，不符合；C项“缩回”，正确；D项“拿回”，不正确。42答案:B解析:根据上下文，我和一个心理受伤很深的孩子交流，我说话很小心，所以有点犹豫。43答案:D解析:根据下文，他来了，我建议下棋。本题简单。44答案:C解析:根据下文我们在一起下棋都是默默的，小说话。45答案:A解析:对于我来说在下棋的时候作弊是不容易的，但是我承认我确保Tim赢了一次或者是两次。其他三项不符合语境。46答案:D解析:通常他来得比较早，甚至在我有可能坐下以前就把棋盘摆好,其他三项都不正确。47答案:C解析:根据上文“每次他都是早早地到了，而且是把棋盘摆好等着我的到来”，所以此处是看起来好像他喜欢我的陪伴。A项“参加”；B项“技术”；D项“指导”，都不符合语境。48答案:B解析:但是他为什么不看我呢?本题简单。49.答案:A解析:根据全文小男孩受到了心理的伤害，所以或许他仅仅需要有人来分担他的痛苦。B项“秘密”；C项“想法”；D项“利息，兴趣”，都不符合语境。50答案:C解析:经过一段时间的陪伴，小男孩有了转变，当他布置棋子的时候，他看起来更有活力了。A项“严肃的”；B项“可爱的”；C项“活泼的”；D项“苍白的”，所以答案选C。51.答案:D解析:几个月后，当他弯着腰看着棋盘的时候，我坐在那里看着他的头。52答案:A解析:正在下棋的时候，在我想着我对他的治疗过程的时候他突然抬起头。B项“紧张地”；C项“奇怪地”；D项“幸运地”，都不符合语境。53答案:B解析:我入神了，在想别的事情，他说：“该你了”。54答案:D解析:可能我给了Tim某些东西，但是我从他身上学到了很多，他让我知道一个人如何不通过语言和另外一个人交流。“reach out to sb(到达某人)”意为“和某人交流”。55答案:C解析:所以需要的是一个拥抱，一个可以哭泣的肩膀，一一个友好的触摸，甚至是一双聆听的耳朵。第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhen it comes to intelligence, human beings are the top dogs of the animal kingdom. But in recent years, scientists have been documenting surprising intelligence and emotional depth in animals ranging from honeybees to elephants. Here are some amazing examples.Artistic Monkey BusinessJanet Schmid, director of the Little River Zoo in Norman, Oklahoma, learned a lot about the intelligence of capuchin monkeys. She and her husband adopted a young male, named Bailey. The capuchin particularly liked taking car rides, insisting that he insert the key and ride in the front passengers seat. Now Bailey has become a devoted painter. He uses brushes to create colorful, abstract paintings, and prefers not to be disturbed.Prairie Dog SoundThrough a variety of birdlike sounds, prairie dogs warn each other of approaching creatures. They demonstrate a surprisingly complex communication system. In his 25 years of study, Slobodchikoff, a professor of biology, has recorded them pronouncing ten nouns including hawk, deer and coyote, a number of adjectives to identify color, size and shape, and even some verbs to indicate speed.In an ongoing study, Slobodchikoff learns that their brain contains a very extensive vocabulary. He once used his best prairie dog sound to say coyote, and they just looked at him in anger as if he had said a bad word.One African grey parrot Alex is said to have the cognitive abilities of a five-year-old child. Alex can identify 50 different objects, seven colors, five shapes, quantities up to six, and the concepts of bigger, smaller, same and different.Also Alex is considered to make reasoned decisions. During an experiment, researchers gave Alex different-colored blocks in sets of two, three and six. When asked which color group had five blocks, Alex replied, “None.”And he answered the same in repeated tests. Obviously, he interpreted the concept of “none” as an absence of quantity all on his own. Thats a lot like a high school student answering questions on a quiz show.56Which of the following is true?ABailey is as clever as a child of five.BThe prairie dog loves taking car rides.CThe capuchin monkey is fond of painting.DAlex develops a communication system.57The underlined word “coyote” in Paragraph 4 refers to .Aa verbBan animal Ca warningDan adjective58The African grey parrot Alex can .Aanswer questions on a quiz showBunderstand the figure “7”Cidentify five colors and seven shapesDapply the concept of “none” correctly59What is the passage mainly about?AAnimal communicationBAnimal researchCAnimal intelligenceDAnimal information【文章大意】提到智力，人类是动物王国中的佼佼者，或者我们是这样告诉自己的。新的研究表明：猴子可以进行艺术创作，鹦鹉可以有五岁孩子的能力，动物智力王国有更多“佼佼者”。56答案:C解析:细节判断题。根据第三段第一句话“Now Bailey has become a devoted painter”可知这个猴子喜欢画画。所以答案选C。57答案:B解析:词义猜测题。根据“hawk，deer and coyote”，因为说的是“鹰，鹿和”，可推测“coyote”是一种动物。所以A项“一个动词”；C项“一个警告”；D项一个形容词”，都不正确。58【答案】D 解析:文章细节问题。根据最后一段“Obviously，he interpreted the concept of None.”可知答案选D。59答案:C解析:文章主旨大意题。本文主要讲到动物王国的智力“佼佼者”。BWhen someone gives you advice, listen without judgment, try to find value in what youre hearing, and say: “Thank you”. This wise advice is easy to understand yet hard to practice. Ill give you an example from my life when I totally blew it in terms of practicing what I teach.In my work I travel constantly. I always put off going to the airport until the last second. My wife, Lyda, was sitting next to me in the front seat. I was racing along and not paying much attention. Lyda cried out!” Look out! There is a red light up ahead. ”Being a trained behavioral science professionalwho teaches others the value of encouraging adviceI naturally screamed at her: “I know there is a red light up ahead! Dont you think I can see?” When we arrived at the airport, Lyda didnt speak to me. I wondered why she seemed mad at me.During the flight to New York, I did a cost-benefit analysis. I asked myself: “What was the cost of just listening when Lyda called out the warning? Zero.” I then reasoned: “What was the potential benefit? What could have been saved?” Several potential benefits came to mind, including her life, my life, and the lives of other people.I landed in New York feeling ashamed of myself. I immediately called Lyda and told her my cost-benefit story. I convinced her: “The next time you help me with my driving, I am just going to say, Thank you.”A few months passed, and I had long forgotten the incident. Again, I was racing off to the airport, when Lyda cried out: “Look out for the red light!” I was embarrassed, and then shouted: “Thank you!”Im a long way from perfect, but Im getting better. My suggestion is that you get in the habit of asking the important people in your life how you can do things better. And be ready for an answer. Some people may tell you things like “Look out for the red light.” When this happens, remember that there is possibly some potential benefit. Then just say: “Thank you.”60What do we know about the author?AHe is expert at behavioral science.BHe is gifted in cost-benefit analysis.CHe seldom takes his wifes advice.DHe often runs the red traffic light.61The underlined part “blew it” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ ”.Abecame annoyed with the adviserBforgot the practical methodCfailed to say “Thank you”Dlost personal judgment62It can be inferred from the passage that people .Atend to be defensive when given adviceBintend to follow others suggestionsChad better study behavioral scienceDshould give their opinions patiently63The purpose of the passage is to advise people to .Ado a cost-benefit analysis in daily life Btreasure others suggestionsClearn from the authors experiences Ddiscover potential benefits【文章大意】在生活中，当别人给你提出忠告时，你会本能地防御而不接受，通过作者的亲身经历，作者建议要养成这样的习惯，向生活中重要的人咨询怎样才能把事情做得更好，并虚心等待对方的答复。当听到建议的话时，深吸一口气，问问自己：“听听这样的话有什么不好?”记住，这些话很可能让你受益呢。60答案:A解析:细节问题。根据第三段第一句话可知我是一位训练有素的行为科学专家。所以答案选A。61答案:C解析:词义猜测题。根据上下文，当有人给你建议的时候，静静地听，不要作评判，试着从听到的话中找出有价值的东西，并说：“谢谢”，这条忠告知易而行难，我要讲讲我生活中有人给我好的建议的时候我不说“谢谢”的例子。所以答案选C。62答案:A解析:推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段，当他的妻子对他说红灯的时候，他自然地对她大声吼叫“我知道前面有红灯，难道你认为我看不见吗?”可推断出答案选A。63答案:B解析:考查作者写作意图题。根据最后一段话：我建议要养成这样的习惯，向生活中重要的人咨询怎样才能把事情做得更好，并虚心等待对方的答复。你也许会听到“注意红灯”或是“拐弯时你开得太快了”之类的话。每当听到这样的话，深吸一口气，问问自己“听听这样的话有什么不好?”记住，这些话很可能让你受益呢。可推断出这篇文章的目的是要珍惜别人的建议。CLast week, we explained that the planet Mars has passed “opposition.”It passed a point opposite the Sun. This week, we tell about the planets surprising motion(运动)among the stars.For thousands of years, people have recognized that planets travel among the stars. The planets generally follow the path taken by the Sun through the sky. The Suns path is called the ecliptic. The groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the Zodiac.The motion of the planets can be confusing at times. Everyone knows the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. But this is caused by the turning motion of the Earth. Planets generally move from west to east.However, Mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year. This happens because the Earth is overtaking Mars on its way around the Sun. Mars began its backward, or westward, motion on May 11th, It will start moving eastward again on July 19th.Mars apparent motion has been a mystery to astronomers for hundreds of years. Most early theories of the solar system argued that the Sun and planets turned around the Earth. But the sudden westward motion of Mars presented a problem. Why would Mars move west for two months when it nears “opposition”?In 1543, a Polish church worker named Nicolas Copernicus published a different theory. His theory said the Earth and planets moved around the Sun in perfectly circular orbits. Copernicus theory was simpler. But his Sun centered system still did not explain the observed motion of Mars very well.Finally, a German mathematician named Johannes Kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619. He had carefully studied the motion of Mars for many years.Johannes Kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun. Instead, they travel in flattened orbits called ellipses. Mars elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.During the next several weeks, you can see for yourself why the mysterious motion of Mars has caused so many people to wonder.64From the passage we can learn that .Athe sun and planets generally travel westwardBKepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619CCopernicus theory well explained the motion of MarsDthe Earths turning motion causes the sun to rise in the east65On July 19th Mars .Awill pass the “opposition”Bappears to change its direction againCwill begin to move westwardDappears to change its orbit again66Why does Mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes “opposition”?AIt is overtaking the earth.BIt follows the path of the sun.CIt moves in an elliptical orbit.DIt travels in a circular orbit.67What is the best title for the passage?AThe Recent Research into Mars BThe Surprising Motion of MarsCThe Great Discovery on Mars DThe Wonderful Mystery of Mars【文章大意】本文属于科普性质的文章，主要说了行星令人惊奇的运动。64答案:D解析:细节推断题。根据第三段最后两句话“But this is caused by the turning motion of the EarthPlanets generally move from west to east”可推断出答案选D。65答案:B解析:考查文章细节的问题。根据第四段“Mars began its backward，or west-ward，motion on May 11thIt will start moving eastward again on July 19th”可知道答案选B。66答案:C解析:文章细节问题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话“Marselliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size”可知答案选C。67答案:B解析:考查文章主旨大意。文章第一段就点出了文章的主题：行星令人惊奇的运动。DAlone in the wilderness. Nothing but jungle. A world of shadow with the rays of light falling like blonde hair from the crowns of the giant trees. Jungle in the midday sun. Everything motionless. Not a sound from sky or earth. Complete silence. Only some coconuts falling, at long intervals, very far away. The world reduced to the soft touch of cool grass along my naked back, and a sweet smell of rich soil and vegetation. Stretched out with closed eyes beside my heavy burden of fruit and firewood, I enjoyed the feeling of fresh blood streaming through every part of my body and fresh jungle air filling every corner of my lungs.Resting motionless, I could see the sun through my closed eyelids, alone in the sky, as lonely as I, and as motionless and silent as everything else. The earth had surely stopped turning and somewhere on this planet there was supposed to be roaring traffic in busy streets. What a crazy, unbelievable thought!Another coconut fell, to make the world come to a complete standstill. I had to roll over onto my stomach to feel that at least I could move and make noises. Then I found company. A little brown ant was struggling to find its way with a bit of dry straw through the jungle of leaves and grass below my nose. I wondered if I could give the little fellow a lift with its burden, but it showed not the slightest sign of tiredness and struggled on with all six legs, head first or head last, waving its feelers energetically as if the trip had just started. Who ever saw a tired ant? Tiredness, disagreeable tiredness, is restricted to hunted animals, slaves and modern man . It is as great an effort for an office clerk to walk five blocks with a loaded brief-case as it is for a jungle-dweller to cross a valley with a goat on his back. It is as hard to get up and climb or run when you have been seated for years as it is to get up and walk when you have been in bed for months. The body is strange. Spare it, and you get really tired for almost nothing; use it, and almost nothing makes you really tired.I rose to my feet. I had heard a horse neighing down in the valley. Above me, on the open highland plains, there were wild horses. But down in the valley there was never a horse unless there w