初中英语重点词汇的用法.docx

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【重点词汇】浅谈as的用法来源:网络文章作者:匿名2009-03-24 10:46:5 在中学英语课本中, as 多次出现。它的含义较多,且用法灵活。现将其用法分析归纳如下:1. as 作为副词,常与连词 as 连用,意为“和一样”。例如: as easy as ABC (非常容易), as cool as cucumber (沉着的), as stubborn as a mule (非常顽强的,倔强的), as clear as crystal (非常透明的), as poor as a church mouse (非常贫困的), as busy as a bee (非常繁忙的)。在这些短语中,第一个 as 是副词,第二个 as 是连。在否定句中,作副词用的 as 可以用 so 代替。例如:Its not so easy as I thought. (这不像我想的那么容易。)2. as 作为连词,其意义和用法主要有:( 1 )意为“当之时”,引导时间状语从句,在意思上相当于 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句。例如:As he grew up, he became silent. (他长大以后,变得沉默寡言。)( 2 ) 意为“既然,因为”,引导原因状语从句,不过它引导的原因状语从句时所表示的原因不如 because 引导的从句所表示的原因那么直接和强烈。试比较:As he wasnt ready, we went without him. (既然他没有准备好,我们就自己去了。)Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school. (因为他病了,所以不能去上学。)(原因状语从句表示“不能去上学”的直接原因)( 3 ) 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,在意思上相当于 although 引导的从句。 as 引导让步状语从句时,常以下列句式出现:名词 / 副词 / 动词 (原形) / 形容词 +as+ 主语 + 其他成分。例如:Child as he is ( =Although he is a child ) , he can speak English. (尽管他是个孩子,他却能讲英语。)Young as you are ( =Although you are young ) , you can do it very well. (虽然你年轻,但你却能做得很好。)Much as I like it , Ill not buy it. (虽然我很喜欢它,我也不会买。)Try as he may, he has little hope to win. (尽管他会尽力,但取胜的希望却很小。)( 4 ) 意为“如,像”,引导方式状语从句。例如:You must do as I tell you . (你必须按照我告诉你的那样去做。)( 5 ) 意为“作为(某种身份),当做,视为”。例如:As a student, you must obey the rules. (作为学生,你必须遵守纪律。 )3. as 作介词,意为“如同,作为”。例如:Unite as one man. (团结得像一个人。)as 还可以用于 regard , view , treat , acknowledge 及类似意义的动词之后,构成固定搭配。例如:Most of us regard him as a kind man. (我们大多数人认为他是个好心人。)We treat them as our friends. (我们把他们当作朋友。)4. as 用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等,有“正如”或“据”的意思;它所引导的从句位置较灵活,可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如:As we know from his accent, he is from Shanghai. (正如我们从他的口音中所知道的,他来自上海。)(从句位于句首)Mary, as we had expected, passed the exam. (正如我们所预料到的,玛丽通过了考试。)(从句位于句中)as 还可以引导限制性定语从句。若先行词被 the same , such 修饰,关系代词应用 as .例如:This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. (这是一本有趣的、每个人都喜欢看的书。)( as 在从句中作宾语)This is such a good book as will help you in your study. (这是一本对你学习有帮助的好书。)( as 在从句中作主语)He is not such a kind boy as he looks. (他看上去地个善良的男孩,实际上却不是。)( as 在从句中作表语)You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. (你必须尊重我的妻子,就像尊重我一样。)( as 在从句中作宾语)需要注意 as 引导定语从句时与 so/suchthat 引导的结果状语从句的区别。试比较:This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. ( as 引导定语从句,代替先行词 book ,在从句中作宾语)This is such an interesting book the everybody likes to read it . ( that 引导结果状语从句,因为从句中 read 后面有代词 it宾语。)以上介绍了 as 的一些用法,下面请做巩固性练习:1. is well known, the earth is round.A. It B. As C. These D. That2. is well known that the earth is round.A. That B. It C. As D. There3. He is handsome a boy that all of us like him.A. so B. such C. as D. who4. He is such a handsome boy all of us like.A. so B. such C. whom D. as5. Boy he was, he could write a novel.A. as B. since C. because D. whoKey: 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A【重点词汇】:代词one的用法来源:网络文章作者:匿名2009-03-24 10:48:04代词one的用法很多,且容易误用,现将其常见的用法归纳如下:一. one可以代替前面刚提到过的同一类人或物,其复数形式为ones.例如:I haven t got a pen. I ll have to buy one.(我没有钢笔,我必须去买一支。)I have a new story-book and several old ones.(我有一本新的故事书和几本旧的故事书。)二. 如果one不带任何前置修饰语,而是单独使用时,其意义通常是泛指的。例如:I have no recorder. I want to buy one.(我没有录音机,我想买一台。)三. 不定冠词a/an不可直接和one连用,但a/an后面有形容词时,可以和one连用。例如:Have you any knives? I need a sharp one.(你有小刀吗?我需要一把锋利的。)Have you any books? I want to have an interesting one.(你有书吗?我要一本有意思的。)四. 当one(s)代替特指名词时,它前面总有定冠词或其他限定词。例如:This room and the one upstairs are being cleaned.(这个房间和楼上的那个房间正在打扫。)The film is not so good as the one we saw last week.(这部电影不如我们上星期看过的那部电影好。)五. one 只能代替可数名词,如果所代替的是特指的不可数名词,那就不能用“the one”,而应该用that.例如:The study of English is as important as that(=the study)of Chinese.(学习英语与学习汉语一样重要。)六. one(s)通常不用在名词所有格和形容词性的物主代词之后。例如:他的书放在楼下,他哥哥的书放在楼上。(误)His books are kept downstairs, and his elder brother s ones are kept upstairs.(正)His books are kept downstairs, and his elder brother s are kept upstairs.七. one(s)不用在own和both之后。例如:我的狗是黑色的,他的狗是黄色的。(误)My dog is black, his one is yellow.(正)My dog is black, his is yellow.那幢房子是你租的,还是你自己的?(误)Do you rent the house or is it your own one?(正)Do you rent the house or is it your own?【重点词汇】动词take的用法来源:网络文章作者:匿名2009-03-24 10:49:57take 是初一下学期出现的一个很重要的动词。它的本义是“ carry sb. / sth. from one place to another ”,即“携带、运载”。但灵活的它在不同的场合有不同的含义。现将初一阶段 take 所出现的用法归纳如下:一。 take 表示“乘、坐”某一交通工具。如:My father usually takes a bus to work. 我爸爸常乘公共汽车去上班。Which bus do you often take? 你经常乘哪一路公共汽车?注意: take 和 by 都有“乘、坐”之意。 Take 是一个动词,后面接具体的交通工具,且在表示该交通工具的名词前一般应有冠词等修饰语;而 by 是一个介词,它后面所跟的表示交通工具的名词前一般不可用冠词等修饰语。 by 短语在句中修饰动词等作状语。如:格林先生经常乘火车去上班。Mr Green often goes to work by train.Mr Green often takes a train to work.二。 take 表示“拿、取”之意,后常接宾语,它强调将某人或某物从说话地点带到其他地方去。如:Could you take my schoolbag to the classroom, please? 请你把我的书包拿到教室里去好吗?His mother often takes him to the bookshop. 他妈妈经常带他去书店。注意:如果表示把某人或某物从别处带到说话地点时,应用 bring .如:Han Mei, please bring me a cup of tea. 韩梅,请给我端杯茶来。Dont forget to bring your dictionary here next time. 下次别忘了把你的词典带来。三。 take 表示“花费时间”之意,其常用句型为“ It takes sb. some time to do sth. ”,意为“某人花多少时间做某事”,注意后面的动词前的 to 不可丢掉。如:It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school every day. 她每天步行去上学要花二十分钟的时间。It takes me half an hour to do my homework in the evening. 晚上我要花半小时做作业。四。 含 take 的短语take exercise 运动;锻炼take off 脱掉;(飞机)起飞take a look (at) 看一看take photos 照相,拍照take a seat 坐下,坐坐take a walk 散步take a rest 休息take down 取下take away 拿走take out 拿出 【重点词汇】for短语的用法来源:网络文章作者:匿名2009-03-24 13:34:51account for解释;说明answer for对负责apply for申请;请求apologize for为而道歉ask for要求得到beg for请求be anxious for急于做be bad for有害于be convenient for便于be eager for渴望be famous for以出名be fit for适合于be good for利于be grateful for对心存感激be impatient for对不耐烦be late for迟到be necessary for有必要be ready for作好准备be sorry for为而后悔be responsible for对负责be suitable for适合于be unfit for不适合be useful for对有作用blame for因责备call for要求care for在意enter for报名参加excuse for宽恕fight for为而战for ever永远for example例如for all尽管for a song非常便宜地for certain确切地for company陪着【重点词汇】“be good”的用法来源:网络文章作者:匿名2009-03-24 10:51:50说起“ good ”的“好”处来,不少人都会竖起大姆指。 good 意为“好的”、“有益的”,可用来说明人和事物。不过,“ be good ”与许多介词朋友相连在一起,还能出现不少新面孔呢。一。 be good atbe good at 表示“擅长于某一学科知识或技能”,也可表示“在方面做得好。” be good at 后面接名词、代词、动词的 -ing 形式,相当于 do well in .如:Mike is good at swimming. 迈克擅长于游泳。I am good at English. 我擅长英语。二。 be good forbe good for 表示“能有好处(益处)”,此短语的反义词是“ be bad for (对有害处)”。如:Running is good for your health. 跑步对你身体有好处。Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 电视看得太多对你的眼睛有害。三。 be good tobe good to 表示“对待好”, to 后一般接表示人的代词或名词,其中 good 可用 friendly 代替。此短语的反义词是“ be bad to (对待不好)”。如:Miss Li is very good / friendly to us students. 李老师对我们学生非常好。The son is not good / bad to his old parents. 那个儿子对他年老的父母不好。四。 “ be good at sth. ”和“ be good at doing sth. ”表示“善于,擅长于(做)”,“ be good at sth. / doing sth. ”与“ do well in sth. / doing sth. ”结构相同,使用时要注意系动词 be 和谓语动词 do 在主语人称和数不同时的相应变化。如:我父亲擅长于画马。My father is good at drawing horses.My father does well in drawing horses.初中英语语法大全:动名词worth 的用法来源:中考网文章作者:匿名2009-11-06 10:03:43初中英语语法大全:动名词worth 的用法6.2 worth 的用法worth,worthy,worth-while都为adj.意为值得。1. worth: be worth + n. 当名词为金钱时,表示 值得 be worth doing sth. 某事值得被做 The question is not worth discussing again and again.2. worthy:be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示值得 be worthy to be done 某事值得被做 The question is not worthy to be discussed againand again.3. worth-while: be worth-while to do sth 值得做某事 worth while: It is worth while doing sth It is worth while sb to do sth.典型例题It is not _ to discuss the question again and again.A.worthB.worthyC.worth-whileD.worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知,此句只适合词组be worth-while to do sth.。因此选C。初中英语语法:助动词be的用法来源:中考网文章作者:匿名2009-11-06 09:54:501) be +现在分词,构成进行时态,例如:They are having a meeting.他们正在开会。English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。2)be + 过去分词,构成被动语态,例如:The window was broken by Tom.窗户是汤姆打碎的。English is taught throughout the world.世界各地都教英语。3) be + 动词不定式,可表示下列内容:a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排,例如:He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去纽约。We are to teach the freshpersons.我们要教新生。说明: 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。b. 表示命令,例如:You are to explain this.对此你要做出解释。He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午来办公室。c.征求意见,例如:How am I to answer him?我该怎样答复他?Who is to go there?谁该去那儿呢?d. 表示相约、商定,例如:We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。初中英语语态知识点:“get过去分词”表被动的用法来源:中考网文章作者:紫涵2013-02-05 16:47:55一、基本用法英语被动语态通常由“助动词be+过去分词”构成,有时也可用“get+过去分词”构成:James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。How did that window get opened? 那个窗户是如何打开的?Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour. 大城市的清洁女工通常按小时计酬。二、用法说明但总的说来,用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见,尤其是在含有施动者的by短语时,用get构成被动语态更是少见。不过有时用be+过去分词构成被动语态构成误解时,人们可能会选get+过去分词来避免这种误解:The window was broken. 窗户破了(表状态)。/ 窗户被打破了(表动作)The window got broken. 窗户被打破了(表动作)常见可分可合单词的用法区别来源:中考网整合文章作者:风吹麦浪2011-03-01 14:20:59 在英语中,有时两个部分合在一起构成一个词,表达的是一种意思;两个部分分开,各成一个词时,表达另一种意思,有另外的用法。现将中学英语课本中出现的这类“分合有别、用法各异”的词语归纳分析如下: 1. away 与 a way away 用作副词时,意为“远”、“离开”、“远离”,通常作 be 的表语,也可以放在动词或副词之后,与动词一起构成短语动词;a way 是名词短语,是“一条路”、“一个方法”之意。例如: Who will look after these children when Im away? 我走了之后,谁来照看这些孩子? The village is about eight miles away from here. 那个村子离这儿大约有八英里远。 She thought hard, and she found a way at last. 她苦思冥想,终于找到了一个方法。 2. already 与 all ready already 是副词,意为“已经”,常与完成时态连用;all ready 是形容词短语,常用作表语,意为“一切就绪”、“都准备好了”。例如: We have already finished our work. 我们已经做完了我们的工作。 We are all ready for the trip. Lets go. 我们都做好了旅行的准备。那么咱们就上路吧。 3. awhile 与 a while awhile 是副词,意思是“一会儿”、“片刻”,其前不可加介词或副词; a while 是名词短语,意思是“一会儿”(与 awhile 同义),a while 前面可以加介词in,after或for,也可加副词quite。例如: Wait awhile. = Wait (for) a while. 等一会儿。 The postman came quite a while ago. 邮递员好一会儿前来过。 After a while, they quarrelled again. 过了一会儿,他们又吵了起来。 4. asleep 与 a sleep asleep 是形容词,意为“睡着的”,只能跟在fall 和be 后面作表语,或置于find 后面作宾语补足语;a sleep 是名词短语,意为“一段睡眠”,与have 连用,构成 have a sleep (睡一会)。例如: Dont make any noise. The baby is asleep. 别闹,小孩睡着了。 He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door. 他刚要入睡,这时传来很响的敲门声。 I had a sound sleep last night. 昨晚我睡得很香。 5. anyway 与 any way anyway 是副词,意为“不管怎样”、“无论如何”( anyhow);any way 是名词短语,意为“任何方面”、“任何方式”,前面要加介词in 等。例如: Anyway I must finish the work today. 无论如何我今天也要做完这项工作。 Thank you anyway. 我毕竟还要感谢你的。 Can I be of some help to you in any way? 我可以在哪一方面帮帮你吗? 6. anyone 与 any one anyone 是代词,意为“任何人”,不能与 of 短语连用;any one 既可指人,又可指物,可以和 of 短语连用,表示“(中的)任何一个”。例如: Anyone who breaks the law shall be punished . 无论谁犯了法都将受到惩罚。 Any one of the students in the class studies very hard. 这个班上无论哪一个学生学习都很努力。 Any one will do. 任何一个都行。 7. faraway 与 far away faraway 是形容词,意为“遥远的”,可作名词的前置定语;far away 是副词短语,意为“很远”、“遥远”,可作表语、状语和后置定语,有时也可作介词的宾语。例如: He lives in a faraway village (或a village far away). 他住在一个遥远的村子里。 As is known to (us) all, the moon is far away from the earth. 众所周知,月球距地球很远。 Mr. Smith lives far away. 史密斯先生住在很远的地方。 The news came from far away. 消息从远处传来。 8. everyday 与 every day everyday 是形容词,意为“每日的”、“日常的”,作前置定语用;every day 是名词短语,意为“每日”、“每天”,在句子中作时间状语。例如: Can you speak some everyday English. 你会说一些日常英语吗? We go to work at eight oclock in the morning every day. 我们每天上午八点钟上班。 9. everyone 与 every one everyone 是不定代词,意为“每人”、“人人”、“大家”,在句子中作主语时,谓语动词为单数形式;every one是名词词组,意为“每一个(人或物)”,可以与of 短语连用,在句中作主语时,谓语动词也为单数形式。例如: Everyone (= Everybody) in our class likes Miss Gao.我们班人人都喜欢高老师。 Every one of you must be here on time tomorrow. 明天你们 (每个人) 都必须准时到这儿。 I put every one of my books in the desk. 我把我的书都放在课桌里了。 10. none 与 no one none 既可指人,也可指物,意为“没有一个”、“没有一点”,可和of 短语连用。none 作主语时,谓语动词既可为单数形式,也可为复数形式; no one (= nobody) 是不定代词,只指人,意为“没有一个人”,不能和of 短语连用,在句中作主语时,谓语动词为单数形式。例如: No one (= Nobody) in our class is absent. 我们班没有一个人缺席。 Is there anyone who got injured in the accident?有人在这次事故中受伤吗? No one. 没有。 English is the first language in none of these countries. 英语在这些国家里都不是第一语言。 How many apples are there in the basket?篮子里有多少苹果? None. 一个也没有。 None of the miners got injured in this accident. 在这次事故中没有一个矿工受伤。 11. sometime 与 some time sometime 是副词,意为“(过去或将来的)某个时候”,在句中作状语; some time是名词词组,意为“一段时间”。例如: They will come sometime next week. 他们将在下周某个时候来。 I saw him sometime last month. 我上个月什么时候见过他。 Im going to stay in Beijing for some time. 我将在北京住一段时间。 It took me quite some time to finish the work. 我用了好一段时间才把工作做完。 12. maybe 与 may be maybe是副词,意为“或许”、“可能”,相当于 perhaps ,常在句首作状语;may be 是情态动词和连系动词,意为“可能是”、“或许是”,在句中作谓语用。例如: Maybe the meeting will be held tomorrow. 会议可能将于明天召开。 He may be there now, but Im not sure. 现在他可能在那里,但我不能肯定。 They may be at the gate waiting for us, lets hurry. 他们可能在大门口等我们,咱们快点走吧。 13. however 与 how ever however 是副词或连接副词,意为“无论怎样”、“可是”;how ever 意为“究竟怎样”,其中 ever 是强意词,起加强语气的作用。例如: However difficult the work (may) be, we must complete it in time. 无论工作多么艰难,我们必须按时完成。 Id like to go with you. however, my hands are full. 我很想和你一起去,可是我忙不过来。 How ever did you manage to get the car started? 你到底是怎样把汽车发动起来的? 14. sometimes 与 some times sometimes 是频度副词,意为“有时”;some times 是名词短语,意为“几回”、“几次”、“几倍”。例如: Sometimes we go to the cinema and at other times we go for a walk. 有时候我们去看电影,有时候我们去散步。 We have already met each other some times this year. 今年我们已经见过几次面了。 15. altogether 与 all together altogether 是副词,意为“全部地”、“总而言之”;all together 是副词短语,意为“全体一起”、“全部在一起”。例如: I have three hundred books altogether. 我总共有300 本书。 Altogether, the children have done very well. 总的说来,这些孩子们做得很好。 Put the plates all together in the sink. 把盘子全部放在水池里。初中英语动词不定式用法梳理来源:杭州中考网2011-07-18 17:37:17摘要:动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。现对九年级动词不定式的用法作一次简要梳理。一、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如:1.As young adults, it is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge. (p.8)2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. (p.16)3.How to make requests politely is important.(p.93)二、用作表语动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如:1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club. (p.7)2.The first thing is to greet the teacher. (p.96)三、用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如:1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there. (p.88)2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.(p.50)3)Id love to visit Mexico.(p.53)2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell.,介词结构on.可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。如:1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?(p.92)2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations. (p.32)3.动词feel, find, make, think等后面,可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语动词不定式,句子结构是.feel / find / make / . it+adj. / n.+to do.。如:I find it difficult to remember everything. (p.98)4.既可接动词不定式又可接ving形式作宾语,意思差别不太大的动词有begin, start, like, love等。一般说来,动词不定式表一次、数次的具体动作、将来动作或动作的全过程,ving形式表习惯性的连续动作。但是这种区别并不很严格,特别是美国英语,即使是习惯性的动作也可以用动词不定式。如:1)Then I started to watch English-language TV.(p.6)2)Im beginning to understand my Chinese roots, and who I am. (p.116)begin用了进行时态,后面只接不定式作宾语,表示事情刚开始,还要继续下去。3)I like to eat vegetables. (p.118)感知动词like, love, know等一般不用进行时态。5.后接动词不定式或ving形式作宾语,意思差别较大的动词有forget, remember等。后接不定式作宾语,表动作尚未发生;后接ving形式作宾语,表动作已经发生。stop to do停下来做另外一件事,to do是目的状语;stop doing停止做、不做当前这件事,doing是宾语。try to do尽力做,try doing试试看;go on to do接着做另外的事,go on doing继续做原来的事。如:1)When I left home, I had forgotten to bring it with me.(p.107)2)I stopped using them last year. (p.121)四、用作定语1.句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑主语,不定式与其所修饰的名词、代词等存在逻辑的动宾关系时,用动词不定式的主动式。如:1)I have so many chores to do today.(p.112)2)I cant think of any good advice to give her. (p.31)3)Basketball has also become a more popular sport for people to watch.(p.75)2.动词不定式所修饰的名词是place, time, way等时,不定式与这些名词呈现出动状关系或同位关系。如:1)He needs time to do homework.(p.19)2)Is that a good place to hang out?(p.88)3)You want to know the best way to get around the city.(p.127)3.在“there be.”句型里,句子的主语是动词不定式动作的对象,常用主动式。如:1)Theres just so much to see and do here.(p.49)2). but there are still many things to do there.(p.54)五、用作补语动词不定式作补语时,在主动语态句里补宾语,在被动语态句里补主语,句子的宾语或主语是不定式动作的逻辑执行者。如果不定式是to be done,句子的宾语或主语就是逻辑承受者。1.在主、被动语态句里用带to的动词不定式作补语的动词主要有:要求允许提议(ask, allow, permit, advise),期望邀请鼓励(expect, suppose, invite, encourage),教导告诉想要(teach, tell, want),等待希望愿意(wait for, wish, would like / love)。如:1)Id invite her to have dinner at my house.(p.29)2)Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. (p.18)3)Email English is supposed to be used on mobile phones.(p.101)2.动词不定式作补语,在主动语态句里不带to,被动语态句里带to时多数动词是感官动词和使役动词,包括四“看”:look at, observe, see, watch,三“让”:have, let, make,二“听”:hear, listen to,一“感觉”:feel,一“注意”:notice。如:1)This picture makes me feel tense!(p.106)2)Of course we want to see Liu Yu achieve his dreams.(p.24)3.help后接动词不定式作补语,to可带可不带。一般说来,带to表间接帮助,不带to表直接帮助。在被动语态句里,或者用不定式的否定式作补语时要带to。如:1). they can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really need.(p.106)2)Using email English helps you write quickly. (p.100)4.be said, be sure, happen, seem等后面可以接带to的动词不定式作主语的补语。如:1)He doesnt seem to have many friends.(p.19)2)Be sure not to miss them if they come to a city near you.(p.114)六、用作状语1.目的状语,置于句首或句末,置于句首时常表示强调。如:1)In order not to offend people, learning about language etiquette is just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.(p.93)2)A group of young people got together to(in order to / so as to) discuss this question. (p.50)to do / in order to do / so as to do用作目的状语,置句末时都可以用,置句首时只用to do / in order to do。so as to do一般不置于句首,可以引导结果状语从句,in order to do不引导结果状语从句。2.原因状语,多见于“sb.+be+adj.+to do.”结构句中。如:1)My dogs name is “Lucky”a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him.(p.66)2)On Monday he told a radio interviewer that he had run out of money to buy old bikes. (p.64)3.结果状语,多见于“too.to”,“enough to.”结构句中。如:1)Then Im too tired to do well. What should I do?(p.28)2)The room needs to be big enough for three people to live in.(p.56)4.有些动词不定式作状语,常说明前面形容词的性质和特性。动词不定式与句子的主语有逻辑的动宾关系。动词不定式前面的形容词一般是:cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, fun, hard, interesting, necessary。不定式常用主动式表被动意义。. the mistakes you made are necessary for you to learn and understand.(p.116)这类句子中的动词不定式可改为主语。5.独立动词不定式多用作插入语,表示说话人的心理状态或对事情的看法
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