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1. relaxing adj. 轻松的,放松的;(气候)使人无精打采的,使人懒洋洋的relaxed 轻松的2. suppose V. 认为,推断,料想;suppose (that) 认为suppose sb./sth./ (to be) +adj./n. 认为某人/某物I dont suppose (that) 我认为.不(否定前移)I suppose (I think ) 我认为be supposed to do/be (按规定,习惯,安排等)理应,应该;一般认为,人们普遍认为be not supposed to do sth. 不应当,不准,不得be supposed to have done 本应该做而实际上未做。3. complain vi. 抱怨,投诉complain to sb. about sth. 向某人抱怨/投诉某事complain of 诉说(病情或痛苦)complain that 抱怨/投诉complaint n. 抱怨,不满的原因,控告make a complaint about 对提出投诉4. switch on = turn on 把开关打开,接通 switch off = turn off 把关掉,关上 switch over 转换频道,转变5. go off (1)开火;爆炸 (2)突然发出巨响 (3)(电)中断,(电灯等)熄灭 (4)变坏;(食物,饮料)变质6. take up (1)占有(时间),占据(空间) (2)学着做,开始做 (3)开始从事 (4)一起唱 (5)接受(建议或能得到的东西)7. be filled with 充满,装满,注满fill in 填写;打发/消磨fill out 填写fill up 充满,填满be full of 充满8. bored 厌烦的,不感兴趣的(修饰人)boring 令人厌烦的,乏味的(修饰物)be/get bored with 对感到厌烦9. one 指代上文出现的可数名词单数,强调同名异物ones 替代上文出现过的可数名词复数,强调同名异物it 同一事物,只代替可数名词单数和不可数名词that 替代上文出现的“同类”事物,但并非同一事物,用以替代“the+名词”those 替代上文出现的“同类”事物,但并非完全相同的事物,且只代替可数名词复数。10. without + n. 若表虚拟意义,主句的形式是:(1) 主语+would/could + 动词原形(表示与现在或将来事实相反的一种假设)(2) 主语+would/could+完成时态(表示与过去事实相反的一种假设)11. take care it takes sb. some time to do sth.pay sb. pays for sth. Sb. pays some money for sth. spend sb. spends some time/money on sth. sb. spends some time/money in doing sth. sb. spends some money on doing sth. cost sth. costs some money12. get + 过去分词(1) 表示被动,可用于指件事意想不到地,突然地或偶然地发生;(2)表示状态,此时,过去分词的形容词性特别强。get hurt 受伤 get drunk get killed get lost get separated get tired get bored get paid get dressed 13. 不定式作后置定语14. suffer vi, (因疾病,痛苦)受苦,受难vt. 遭受,蒙受。通常指结果,其后常跟pain/defeat/loss/povery/hunger/punishment/hardship/damage等。15. pressure n. (U)压力put pressure on 向施加压力under pressure 在压力下16. reduce vt. 减少,缩小;使陷入(常用于被动语态)。搭配为:reduce to (to表示增减的结果)reduceby 把减少了(by表示增减的幅度)be reduced to (doing) sth. 陷入某种境况17. organize vt. 组织; 安排;筹备,筹办organizer 组织者organization 组织者;发起者18. diet n. (c) 节食,饮食a balanced diet be/go on a diet 19. stand (1)常用用否定句和疑问句中;(2)其后可接名词,代词和动名词(的复合结构)作宾语; (3)常与can, could 连用20. prefer v. 更喜欢,宁愿prefer + 名词或代词 更喜欢。prefer to do 更愿意做(倾向具体的动作)prefer doing 更愿意做(倾向普遍的行为习惯)prefer sb. to do sth. 更愿意让某人做某事prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做Bprefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做A而不愿做B21. take turns to do / doing sth 轮流做某事by turns 轮流地,依次 in turn轮流的,依次的;转而 22. graduate vi. 毕业(常与from连用) graduate n. 大学毕业生;学士graduate from + 学校graduate in + 专业23. challenge n. 挑战 v. 对怀疑(或质疑);向挑战challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑战做accept/respond to/ take up a challenge 接受挑战mount a challenge 发起挑战24. support vt. & n. 支持,拥护; vt. 支持,支撑;vt. 抚养,养活in support of 支持support sb. in sth. 在某方面支持某人25. design v. 设计;构思。n. 设计,布局;装饰图案by design 故意的,有意的be designed for 为而设计26. solve v. 处理;解决;解答settle 解决,其对象通常是某种争端。settle an issue/ an argument/ a quarrel 27. How do/does/didfeel about?What do you think of?How do you like/find?What is /are +主语+like?28. must do 表示对现在事情的肯定推测must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定29. crowded adj. 拥挤的be crowded with 挤满30. nearby adj. 附近的; adv. 在附近31. otherwise conj. & adv. 否则,不然(=or/or else)通常用于“祈使句+Otherwise +陈述句”。adv. 另外,除此以外。可位于句首,句中或句末。Otherwise 可作为含蓄条件句的一个标志,含蓄条件句通常以简单句的形式出现,表示与过去,现在或将来情况相反的假设,谓语形式为;would / could + do (对现在和将来的假设)would/could +have done (对过去的假设)32. forecast-forecast/forecasted- forecast/forecasted33. distance n. 距离at a distance 离一段距离at a distance of 在远的地方from a distance 从远方in the distance 在远处 34. so + adj./adv.+that 从句 adj.+ a/an +that 从句 many/few +可数名词复数+that 从句 much/little +不可数名词+that 从句 such + a/an +adj.+ 可数名词单数+that 从句 adj. +可数名词复数+that 从句 adj. +不可数名词+that 从句35. anyway (=anyhow) adv. (1)(转换话题,结束谈话或回到原话题时说)无论如何,不管怎样,反正(2)尽管,即使这样(3)而且;加之;反正36. at the moment 现在,目前at any moment 任何时候in a moment 立刻,马上(表将来)a moment ago 刚才for a moment 一会儿(表一段时间)the moment (that)一就37. over “在期间”over time 渐渐低,慢慢地38. as a result of (=because of ) 由于as a result 结果;因此(独立作状语用)result from.起因于, 因为.的结果(后接名词或代词,做状语用)result in 导致;致使;造成with the result that 其结果是39. come up with 想出(办法,答案)put up with 容忍keep up with 跟上catch up with 赶上40. play an important role/part in 在中发挥重要的作用41. remote 指在时间或距离上是遥远的,也指在感情,兴趣等方面距离很大,还指关系方面的疏远。distant 指时间,空间上的遥远,也指亲属关系上的远。far 用来表示实际距离的远和时间的遥远,还可指引申意义的远。42. take up, 占(时间或空间);开始从事某事(尤指职业) take down, 拿下;拆除;记下 take off, (飞机等)起飞;脱下(衣帽等);(观念,产品等);突然大受欢迎take on 呈现(不用于被动语态)43. take place 发生happen 发生(通常指偶然发生的事情) break out (通常指激烈事件或大的自然灾害)44. 与get搭配的短语get on 过活,对付下去;进展 get through 通过 get around 传播 get away 休假 get down 记下 get over克服 get in 收割45. 时态:(1)一般现在时:表示现在习惯的,永久性的或反复发生的动作He seldom eats meat. 表示客观存在,普遍真理,事实,也在格言中Water boils at 100.表示特征,能力或现时的情况和状态I love music.表示将来时间If your brother passes the exam, he will be enrolled.表示现在瞬间Here comes the bus.表示过去时间I hear he has come back from Japan.表示按时间表发生的动作或事件The plane takes off at eight. (2)一般过去时:表示过去的习惯性动作He smoked a lot ten years ago. 表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或情况I slept outdoors last summer.在时间/条件状语从句中代替过去将来时We would not leave until she came back.表示平行动作的顺序He stepped in and sat down. 表示与现在事实相反或者表示对将来事态的主管设想Its time you had a holiday. (3)一般将来时:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态He will graduate from the college next year. 表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯性动作We shall have five chemistry classes per week. 表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作We are to see our English teacher next Sunday. (4) 过去将来时表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态He said he would wait for us at the bus stop. 表示过去的某种习惯性行为Whenever we had trouble, he would help us. (5)现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作此刻正在进行现阶段正在进行They are washing the dishes now. Mr. Green is writing another novel. 表示将来的动作按计划安排在时间,条件从句中I am publishing a book this year. Ill phone you while I am waiting.表示重复的动作Jim is always coming late for class. 表其他用法表示刚发生的动作表示委婉口气You know Im telling the truth. We are wondering if they will come. (6)过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作过去某一时正在进行过去某阶段正在进行What were you doing at 10:00?We were expecting you yesterday. 表示过去将来正在进行的动作She told me to wake him up if he was sleeping.表示按计划安排过去将要发生的动作They were leaving for New York a few days later. 表示某种感情色彩She was always changing her mind. 表示委婉口气I was hoping youd come back. 用于虚拟语气Its time we were leaving. 表示某种持续动作The day dawned and the birds were singing.
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