初一专题形容词和副词.doc

睿晋教育辅导讲义 学员姓名： 年 级： 初一 辅导科目：英语 学科教师： 何秋霞授课内容专题复习：形容词与副词授课日期教学内容.课前热身 口头表达假设你是班长，准备组织班上同学这个周六到动物园玩。请你根据下表的提示，向同学们说明这次活动的安排1. 8:00 校门口集合 2. 8:009:00 坐车 3. 9:0011:30 在动物园 4. 11:3012:30 吃自己带去的食物 5. 14:00 动物园门口集合 6. 15:00 学校门口解散回家.知识梳理一、形容词和副词 形容词用于修饰名词和代词，表示人和事物的性质和特征。副词既可修饰动词，又可修饰形容词，其它副词，甚至整个句子。二、 级的变化1.一般构成规律：词的特征 变 化 原 级 比较级 最高级 1.一般单音节词 直接加-er, -est highHigherhighest2.以e结尾的词 直接加-r, -st nicenicernicest3.以单个辅音字母结尾（除r）双写辅音再加er,estfatfatterFattest4.以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词变y为i，再加-er,-est happyhappierhappiest5.少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词 直接加-er; -est clevercleverercleverest6.多数双音节词多音节词和在原级前加more, most difficultMore difficultMost difficult2.常见的不规则变化：原 级 比较级 最高级 good,wellbetterbestbad,badly,illworseworstmany muchmoremostlittle,lessleastfarfartherfarthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest3、常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法：【原级的用法】肯定句型： as + 形容词（副词）原级 + as 意思是 “与一样”这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。The boy is as clever as his brother.露茜写得和莉莉一样认真。Lucy writes as carefully as Lily.否定句型： not so/as + 形容词（副词）原级 +as 意思是“不如“ 猴子不如大象强壮。 Monkeys are not so strong as elephants.【比较级的用法】1、比较级+than彼得比山姆高。 Peter is taller than Sam.这辆车比那一辆漂亮。 The car is more beautiful than than that one.2、形容词比较级前可用much, even, far, four times, a little等修饰。 彼得比山姆聪明得多。Peter is much wiser than Sam这间房子比那间稍微亮一点。The room is a little brighter than that one.3、比较级+and+比较级 意思是“越来越. 雨下得越来越大。 It rains harder and harder 4、The+比较级，the+比较级 意思是“越.就越.” 你学习越努力，进步就越多。 The harder you study, the more progress you make 5、比较级+than any other+单数名词. 意思是“比其它的任何一个都更”（这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。）她比队里的其余任何一个女孩都要高。 She is taller than any other girl in the team.【最高级的用法】1、有范围修饰的用最高级，如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的句子中。 在所有这些表中这块最贵。 This is the most expensive of all the watches 2、序数词+最高级+名词 表示“第几个最的” 黄河是中国的第二大河流。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.3、one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最之一” 北京最美丽的地方之一是颐和园。 One of the most beautiful places in Beijing is the Summer Palace.4、形容词最高级前要用the，而副词最高级前可省略。 大象是这个动物园里最重的动物。 The elephant is the heaviest in the zoo.【常用副词在句中的位置】1、时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般置于 句尾 。 They met in China last year. 他们去年在中国见面了。 Its raining hard outside. 外面雨下得很大。 The students are reading English loudly. 学生们在大声朗读英语。2、强调时间时，时间副词可置于 句首 。 Last year they met in China.3、时间副词和地点副词前 不用 介词。 She is on her way home. 她正在回家的路上。4、频度副词在句中的位置有两种：（1） 实义动词 之前： I usually play football on Friday afternoon.我通常周五下午踢足球。（2） be动词、情态动词和助动词 之后Mr. Green is always busy.格林先生一直很忙。巩固练习一、单项选择A 1. John did in the exam, Tom did even . A. bad, worse B. more bad, more worse C. badly, worst D. badly, worseA 2. Your mother wont be angry with you, will she? I hope . A. so B. it C. not D. noA 3. The villagers had rain this year than last year. A. less B. least C. little D. lesserD 4. She is than Mary. A. older two years B. old two years C. two years old D. two years olderC 5. He says that he will pay a price for the house. A. tall B. taller C. high D. highestA 6. This is really a news. A. surpring B. surprised C. be surprised D. surpriseA 7. Dont make noise. Please keep . A. quite B. quietly C. quiet D. more quietlyD 8. arent so happy as . A. The rich/poor B. Rich/the poor C. Rich/poor D. The rich/the poorD 9. He spoke fast that we could understand him. A. too, not hardly B. so, not hardly C. too, hardly D. so, hardly二、用所给词的正确形式填空。1.He ran _faster_ than all the others. He ran _fastest_ of all. ( fast )2.James played as _well_ as you. Mary played _best_of all. ( well )3.She waited _longer_ than she usually did. ( long )4.I walked _farther_ than the rest. I walked _farthest_ of all. ( far )5.My friend came _later_ than Pual and Mike. ( late )6.Among the three boys he works _hardest_. ( hard )7.Bob left school _latest_ in his class yesterday. ( late )8.He swims as _badly_ as I do. ( badly )9.Who did _worse_ in the 100-metre race， Jim or Tim? ( badly )10. Both Li Ming and Li Hong sang _badly_， but I sang _ worst_ of all. ( badly )三、填空这辆车不像那辆车一样贵。Thiscar_is not soexpensive_as_（expensive）thatone.=Thiscarisless expensive_thanthatone.=Thatcaris_more expensive_thanthisone.今天没有昨天暖和。Today_is not so warm as_yesterday.(warm)=Yesterday_is _warmer_thantoday.他昨天来得没有我早。He_didnt_come_as_early_(early)asI(did)yesterday.=Hecame_later_thanIyesterday.2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。 我比他大两岁。 I am two years _older_ _than_ he. 这个建筑比那个建筑高20米。This building is 20 meters _taller_ _than_that one. 四、根据句意，从选项中选出与句中划线部分意思相同的答案。C 1 .Do cats often sleep during the day? A.in the afternoon B.in the morning C.in the daytime D.in the eveningA 2 .The story happened about a century ago. A.a hundred years ago B.a thousand years ago C.hundreds of years ago D.thousands of years agoA 3 .The people on the bus are from America,Australia and other five countries. A.passengers B.workers C.visitors D.driversD 4 .Sandy says that her dress feels soft and nice. A.expensive B.modern C.large D.comfortableB5 .This house is as big as that one. A.the same size as that one B.bigger than that one C.smaller than that one D.different from that oneVI.课后作业一、单项选择( D )1.Which is_ season in Beijing? I think its autumn. A.good B.better C.best D.the best ( D )2. It is_today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon? A.the hottest B.hot C.hottest D.hotter ( B )3. Jim is running _ Bruce. Theyre neck and neck. A.faster than B.as fast as C.as faster as D.more slowly than ( A )4. Her mother was out.She stayed at home_, but she didnt feel _. A.alone,lonely B.lonely alone C.alone,lonely D.lonely,alone( A )5.Is the physics problem _? Yes,I can work it out _. A.easy,easily B.easy,easy C.easily,easy D.easily,easily( B )6. You must wear glasses.They can keep your eyes_ A.soft B.safe C.safely D.safety二、翻译并完成句子。1. 汤姆犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 Toms mistakes are as many as mine. 2. 这件连衣裙比那件贵。This dress is more expensive than that one. 3. 他并不像比尔一样那么有钱.He is not so rich as Bill. 4.这个故事不如那个故事有趣。This story is not _so interesting as_that one.5. 大明是我们班最好的学生。 Daming is _the best _student in our class.