2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷

2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英 语 试 卷知识运用（共14分）一、 单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.My brother and I like football. _ play it together once a week.AI BThey CWe DYou2.Happy birthday, Peter! Heres a gift _you.Afor Bin Cwith Dfrom3.-_ do you usually go to school, Mary?-By bike.AWhen BHow CWhere DWhy4.Many people like pandas _they are cute.Athough Bif Cwhile Dbecause5.I _go now, or Ill miss the train.Acan Bmight Cmust Dcould6.Tony is _of the three boys, but he is the tallest.Ayoung Byounger Cyoungest Dthe youngest7.Bill likes reading. He_ picture books with his dad every evening.Aread Breads Cis read reading Dhas read8. -Paul, what were you doing at nine last night?-I _a movie in the cinema with my friends.Awas watching Bwatch Chave watched Dwill watch9.David is a tennis player. He _to play tennis when he was six years old.Abegins Bwill begin Cbegan Dhas begun10. -Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?-Yes, he is. He _history for nearly 20 years.Ateaches Bhas taught Cis teaching Dwill teach11.A new international airport _ in the city next year.Acompletes Bis completed Cwill complete Dwill be completed12. -Alice, could you tell me _London?-Sure. Last Sunday.AWhen Mr. Smith left BWhen Mr. Smith will leave CWhen did Mr. Smith leave DWhen will Mr. Smith leave 二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Real Solutions （解决方法）to ProblemsThirty engineers were working as a team in a company. They were young and eager to learn. The management decided to teach them about finding real solution to problems.One day, the team was called for a _ 13_ in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various _ 14_ . As the entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat balloons.The manager asked everyone to pick a balloon and blow it up. Then they were asked to write their names on their respective （各自的）balloons _ 15_ so that the balloons wouldnt blow out . All tired, but not everyone was _ 16_. Five balloons blew out due to pressure（压力）.Those who failed to make their names on the balloons were_ 17_ out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their names were _ 18_ and then put into a room, here and there. The engineers were told to pick the balloons with his or her names on. All the 25 engineers began to search for the respective balloons in a rush. It was almost 15 minutes but no one was able to _ 19_ the right one. The second level of the game was over.The came the final level. The engineers were asked to pick any balloons and give it to the person named on the balloon. Within a couple of minutes, all the balloons _ 20_the hands of the respective engineers.The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life, sharing and helping others give us real solution to the problems.13. Agame Bshow Cconcert Dparty14. Apurposes Bsuggestions Cthoughts Dplans15. Aquietly Bcarefully Csecretly Dclearly16. Ahonest Bready Cpatient Dsuccessful17. Achecked Bhelped Cruled Dcheated18. Acollected Bweighted Ctied Dcleaned19. Amark Bhide Cnumber Dfind 20. Afreed Breached Clifted Dhit三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）AHi, there! It was my 15th birthday last Saturday. Some of my friends and Alan, my cousin, came to celebrate it. Everyone brought me a gift. We had a party. We played games, sang songs and had a big birthday cake. It was really a wonderful day! Did you do anything special last week?Yes. My class were on a school field trip last week. First, we went to the University of North Carolina to learn about the history of its basketball team. Many basketball stars were students there! Then we visited a museum. We learned about how the plane was invented and took many pictures there.Well. I was lucky enough to go to a conference （会议）on charity （慈善）last Wednesday. I was so excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy named Richard. He spoke at the conference about the charity work that he had done in the past few years.It was a different week than usual . Last Thursday, my school band（乐队）went to Atlanta to perform in a competition. I played the violin and we won a prize! On Friday , we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to see different kinds of sea life from all over the world. It was really cool.21. When did Roger have his birthday party?ALast Wednesday. BLast Thursday.CLast Friday. DLast Saturday.22.Who went on a school field trip last week?AAlan BJessica CSara DRichard23.Martin went to Atlanta to _.Aspeak at a conference Borganize a partyCperform in a competition Dvisit a universityBA Beautiful MomentWhen I was in high school, I worked part-time helping. Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a market. One day, as I was preparing the fruits, a little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old, and the girl, five or six. They were looking at the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom（in French）,“Theyre good!”. I knew it was French ,because I can speak and understand it.Then I noticed how the mom was picking the fruits. At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because she was facing them, but then I noticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out . And she often asked her son if it looked okay, but I looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together,I was sure she was blind.Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits. The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the handed them to her mom. The women then felt catch one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their basket. The kids were smiling while helping their mom pick the fruits out.Their smile and gentle manner moved out me in a way that never happened before. It was so beautiful to see such young kids so willingly help. Most kids that age would be picking out candies or toys in a store for themselves, instead of helping their mom pick out fruits ,as the two kids did.It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because I didnt tell the mom how beautiful her children were in their language .This is what I regret to this day.24.The woman and her kids came to the market to buy_.Afruits Bvegetables Ccandies Dtoys25.According to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldnt _.Aspeak Bsee Csmell Dhear26.The writer was moved because _.Athe mother was brave to face her problem Bthe kids were polite and kind to each other Cthe mother was careful in picking out things Dthe kids were so willing to help their motherCSome primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around. They are likely to come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated （关联）with beneficial effects on cognitive function（认知功能）.This is the main conclusion of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health.The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain, lifelong exposure（接触） to green space in the living places was recorded using the information on the childrens addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）. Working memory and inattentiveness （注意力不集中）were graded with computers .“This is the first study that shows the association between long term exposure to green space and brain structure.”says Dr. Payam Dadvand ,the leading researcher of the study.“Our findings suggest that exposure to green space early in life could result in beneficial structural changes in brain.”The findings show that long-term exposure to greenness is positively associated with white and grey matter volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cognitive tests. Moreover, larger volumes of white and grey matters in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness.Exposure to nature has been thoughts to be necessary for brain development in children. Another study of 2,593 children shows that children in schools with more green space have a greater increase in working memory and a greater decrease in inattentiveness.Humans are believed to be tied to nature. Playing in greener areas offers children opportunities to search and learn. Accordingly, green space is thought to prompt important exercises in discovery, creativity and risk taking. These exercises in turn positively influence brain development.Dr. Dadvands study suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green space on cognitive development . It also adds to the proof that suggests the lasting effects of early life exposure to greenness on our health and the benefits of increasing greenness in cities.Further studies are needed to prove the findings in other populations, settings and climates. And researchers need to examine differences according to the nature and quality of green space.27.The second paragraph is mainly about_.Ahow the study was performed Bwhat was recorded in the studyChow long the study lasted Dwho took part in the study28.The word “prompt”in Paragraph 6 probably means “_”.Acontrol Bencourage Cbalance Dchange29.What can we learn from the passage?AWorking memory influences white and grey matter in the brain. BDr. Dadvand stressed the importance of changing the environment. C. Studies proved the influence of greenness on populations out of Spain.D. Living in greener neighborhoods benefits children in brain development.DWe often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us unlock our self-improvement power. However, theres always something staring at us right under our nose but we dont see it. The only time we think of unlocking our self-improvement power is when everything gets worst.When do we realize that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have fallen off. When do we realize that we need to stop smoking? When our lungs have gone bad. We see the warming signs and signals when things get rough and difficult.The only time most of us ever learn about unlocking our self-improvement power is when the whole world is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change, but change becomes more painful when we ignore(忽视)it.Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another. we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power not because the world says so, but because we realize its for our own good.Happy people dont just accept change; they embrace (拥抱)it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who fear change.Jane always tells everyone that she doesnt have the courage to be around groups of people. She heard her family tell the same things about her to other people. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crowd come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it!Self-improvement may not be everybodys favorite word, but if we look at things in a different way, we might have greater chances of enjoying the whole process instead of counting the days until we are fully improved. Three sessions in a week at the gym would result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process of unlocking our self-improvement power will we realize that were beginning to take things light and become happy.30.The writer mentions the three questions in Paragraph 2 to show that _.Awe learn our lessons when we experience painBwe are responsible for the problems we meet Clife fails us when we get into the wrong wayDlife is a long journey full of ups and downs31.What is the key to solving Janes problems ?AShe needs to remember why she started.BShe has to know how to get on with people. CShe has to realize she is not what she is in her story.DShe needs to understand the importance of confidence.32.The writer probably agrees that _.Athe world tells us how to improve ourselvesBpeople change when they find it easy to do thatCwelcoming change in life is a drive to become betterDenjoying the process of self-improvement makes life simpler33.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?AIs it important to take things light?BIs it necessary to embrace challenges?CTo hold on to the last moment or give up?DTo free ourselves out of the box or to stay in it?四、阅读短文， 根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分， 每小题2分）When it comes to the letter grade on your test or homework, you might notice that there is no letter E. Have you ever thought about why that is so ?In the A, B, C, D and F grading system, the first four letters simply stand for “fail”. The word “fail ”happens to star with the letter F, which seems to leave out the letter E. The fact of the matter is that any letter can mean “not passing” or “fail”. Some schools have U grade for “unsatisfactory”, or I grade for “incomplete”.Even with that all this said, we should also point out E grade actually has been used pretty commonly throughout the history of letter grades in the US.The first college in the US to use a letter grading system like the ones we use today is Monut Holyoke College. In 1897,the began to use the following grading scale:A:95-100%（excellent） B: 85-94%（good） C: 76-84%（fair）D: 75%（barely passed） E: below 75%（failed）We can see the inclusion of E instead of F.Gradually , the letter grading system became more popular throughout the US. However, many schools decided to drop the E grade and go straight to F. There is no evidence （证据）to really support this, but one possible explanation is that teachers were worried that some students and parents might mistake E for “Excellent”.Why do we have letter grades ? Well, part of the reason is that they made grading simpler during a time of great change for school. As the 20th century began, growing cities and an increase in immigration led to larger school classrooms. Most teachers at time thought this new letter grading system was an easy, fair and clear way to grade students.Today, more and more people argue that letter grades dont fully reflect （反映）student learning. However, as teachers try to improve grading methods, many parents continue to favor the letter grades they got as kids. They are familiar（熟悉）and easy for parents to understand. So while the might not be perfect, the letter grades probably arent going away any time soon.34.What does an F stand for in the A,B,C,D and F grading system?35.When was the letter grading system first used in the US college?36.What is one possible explanation for dropping the E grade?37.What did most teachers think of the letter grading system in the 20th century?38.Why do many parents still perfect the letter grades today?书面表达（共10分）五. 文段表达（10分）39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用，请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目假如你是李华，你们学校将要举办一场关于京剧的讲座，你打算邀请你们班交换生Peter参加。请用英语写一封电子邮件，告诉他讲座的时间和地点，以及需要做什么准备。提示词语：lecture（讲座），invite， information， question，online提示问题： When and where will you have the lecture? What do you advise Peter to prepare for it?Dear Peter,How is it going?Therell be a lecture on Peking Opera in our school._If there is anything that I can do. Please let me know.Yours, LiHua题目“静以修身，俭以养德”，勤俭节约是中华民族的传统美德。无论生活富足与否 ，我们都应该提倡节约，杜绝浪费。某英文网站正在开展以“节约是美德”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你是怎么做的，以及这样做的意义。提示词语：thrifty（节约的）, save , turn off, food, money, virtue（美德）提示问题： What do you do in your daily life? Why do you do so?Its one of our traditional virtues to be thrifty._英语试卷 第11页（共10页）