高中英语必修一unit1试题.doc

【高中英语】必修一 Unit 1 Friendship2010-3-29 15:23:52同步学习 一、本单元词汇upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt. 使不安；使心烦ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视calm vt.&vi. （使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的concern vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到 n. 担心；关注；（利害）关系loose adj. 松的；松开的Netherlands n. 荷兰German adj. 德国的；德国人的；德语的 n. 德国人；德语series n. 连续；系列outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣 n. 雷；雷声entire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地power n. 能力；力量；权利curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty adj. 积满灰尘的partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使安居；安排；解决suffer vt.&vi. 遭受；忍受；经历highway n. 公路；大路；美高速公路recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得pack vi.&vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李 n. 小包；包裹suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱overcoat n. 大衣，外套teenager n. 十几岁的青少年exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地disagree vi. 不同意grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的dislike n.&vt. 不喜欢；厌恶tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费 vt. 倾斜；翻倒swap vt. 交换item n. 项目；条款add up 合计calm down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来have got to 不得不；必须be concerned about 关心；挂念walk the dog 遛狗go through 经受；经历set down 记下；放下；登记a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套on purpose 故意in order to 为了at dusk 在黄昏时刻face to face 面对面地no longer/ notany longer 不再suffer from 遭受；患病get/be tired of 对厌烦pack (sth.) up 将（东西）装箱打包get along with 与相处，进展fall in love 相爱；爱上join in 参加；加入 二、重点词汇讲解1. add v（1）“增加；添加”，如：Please add something to what Ive said, John约翰，请对我说的话做点补充吧。What he did has added to our difficulties他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。（2）“相加”，如：Add up these figures for me, please请帮我把这些数字加起来。You must learn to add and subtract in arithmetic.学算术要学会加法和减法。【常用词组】add in“算入；包括”add on“加到上；附加；包括”add to“增加；加到”add up“加起来；总计；和预期产总数相等；口有意义,有道理”add up to“总计共达；(总起来看)等于说；意味着”，如：The cost added up to 100 million yuan费用总计达一亿元。 2calm （1）v.“使安静；平静；镇静”，如：The mother calmed the baby by giving him some milk.孩子的母亲给他牛奶，使他安静下来。 calm down“（使）安静下来”，如： We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting and crying. 我们试图使他安静下来，可是他仍然不停地叫喊着。（2）adj.“(海洋,天气等)平静的，安静的，无风浪的；(人)沉着的，镇静的”，如：The calm sea gave no hint of the storm that was coming.平静的海上没有一点迹象显示暴风雨即将来临。Weather that is preceded by a storm is generally calm.暴风后的天气大都平静。 The pilots calm manner eased the passengers fears.飞行员镇定自若的举止消减了乘客们的恐惧。 3concern（1）n.“所关切的事；有利害关系的事”，如：Your school work, rather than your private life, is my concern. 我所关心的是你的学业，而不是你的私人生活。 Our chief concern at the moment is the weather.眼前我们最关心的事是天气。“担心；挂念；担忧”+for/about，如: I felt no concern about/for his safety. 我不担心他的安全。（2）vt.“与有关；涉及；感兴趣于；从事；参与；干预；使担心；使忧虑”，如： The problem concerns all of us.这个问题涉及到我们所有人。【常用词组】as concerns“关于”as far asbe concerned“关于；至于；就而言”be concerned about“关心”be concerned over/at sth.“为某事忧虑”be concerned in sth. “和某事有牵连”be concerned with “牵涉到；与有关；参与”，如：He seemed to be concerned with the case.他看起来与此案有关。 4cheat（1）v. “欺骗；作弊”，如：Any student caught cheating will have to leave the classroom任何被发现作弊的学生将被赶出教室。We all judge it wrong to cheat in examination.我们都认定考试作弊是错误的。“骗；骗取”cheat a person“骗人”cheat sb.(out) of money“骗某人的钱”（2）n.“作弊行为”“骗子”，如：She hated the cheat to the core.她对那个骗子恨之入骨。 5go through（1）“通过；穿过”，如： He stooped his head to go through the doorway. 他低下头穿过门口。 Go through the bridge.过桥。（2）“仔细检查或研究”，如：I went through the students papers last night昨晚我仔细检查了学生的作业。（3）“经历；遭受或忍受”，如：You really dont know what we went through while working on this project你的确不知道我们搞这个项目吃了多少苦。 6crazy adj（1）“疯狂的；愚蠢的”，如：Its crazy to go out in such hot weather在这么热的天出门，真是愚蠢。 He was driven crazy by the extremity of pain.极度的痛苦使他发狂。（2）“狂热的；着迷的”，如：She is crazy about dancing她对跳舞十分着迷。【常用词组】be crazy about“热衷于；醉心于”be crazy for“渴望；痴想”drive sb. crazy“逼得某人发疯；害得某人精神失常” 7lonely adj.“孤独的；寂寞的”，如：She felt lonely.她感到寂寞。The lonely orphan craved affection.这孤独的孤儿渴望得到爱抚。lonely与alone的区别alone adv.&adj.（1）“单独的”（只作表语），如：He was alone in the house.他独自一人在家里。（2）“仅仅；只有”，用于名词或代词之后The gloves alone cost $ 80光是手套就花了80美元。（3）“不带走；不触摸；不干涉某人或某事”Leave that aloneIts mine不要动。那是我的东西。She has asked to be left alone她要求不要打扰她。 三、词语辨析calm; peaceful; quiet; stillcalm主要用于气候、海洋“风平浪静的”,也可指人表示“安静的”、“镇静的”,如:The sky is blue, and the sea is calm.天空碧蓝,海上风平浪静。a calm voice平静的声音peaceful指“和平的”，表示“没有骚扰和战争的”,如:a peaceful environment和平环境quiet指“没有吵闹声的，没有噪音的”,它强调“声音很低、很少” 或“全然无声”,如:He had a quiet life.他过着宁静的生活。still指“没声音的，没动静的”,如:the still hours before dawn黎明前的寂静时刻。 四、常用句型1Your friend comes to school very upset你的朋友来上学，心情非常不好。upset（1）adj“不安的；心烦意乱的”，如：We could discern from his appearance that he was upset.我们从他的样子可以察觉出他不快。（2）vt“使不安；使心烦意乱”，如：His cheating in the exam upset his teacher他在考试中作弊，这使他的老师很生气。 2tell him/her that he/she should have studied,告诉他/她，他/她本应该好好学习的。should have done (=ought to have done)是一种虚拟用法，译为“本应该做”（但事实上并没有做），如：You should have worn the safety belt in the car, and if so, you wouldnt have been hurt.你本应该坐车时系上安全带的，这样你就不会受这伤了。 3. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？whom you could tell everything to是定语从句，修饰friend。此处的 like相当于such as。He has learned some foreign languages, like（such as）French and German他已学会了几门外语，如法语和德语。 4. I can well remember that我记得非常清楚well（1）n“井”（2）adj“身体好”（3）adv“好；非常”本课这句话中的well是副词，意思是“非常；彻底；完全”（quite, much, thoroughly）。George was well and truly drunk乔治喝得烂醉。He finished the exam well within the time allowed他在规定时间之前很早就做完了试卷。 5. flowers could never have kept me spellbound鲜花从未令我心迷神往过。spellbind v“吸引人；迷人；使入迷”The children were spellbound by the circus performance.孩子们被马戏表演迷住了。 The speaker held his audience spellbound.演说者使听众听得入迷。 6I didnt dare open a window.我不敢打开窗子。dare（1）实意动词，后面经常接带to的不定式，多用于肯定句中。He was brave and he dares to do everything.他很勇敢，什么事都敢做。Nothing is hard in this world，if you dare to scale the heights.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。dare后接不定式时，不定式多带to，但也可不带to，如：He did not dare（to）go.他不敢去。dare的现在分词或动名词形式daring后总是接带to的不定式，如：She stopped at the door，not daring to enter.她在门口停下，不敢进去。（2）情态动词，多用于否定句和疑问句中，经常接不带to的不定式，无人称形式变化，第三人称单数后不加s，如。She dare not say what she thinks.她不敢把她的想法说出来。 7It was the first time that I had seen the night face to face.这是我第一次目睹夜晚。It is the first/second/third time that 某人第次做某事，从句中的动词多用现在完成时。It is the third time that the old couples have been to the Great Wall. 这是这对老夫妻第三次去长城。如果主句谓语动词为一般过去时，从句多用过去完成时，如：It was the second time that we had come into the mountain village to seethe homeless children. 这是我们第二次去山区看望无家可归的孩子。 四、交际用语（一）态度（Attitudes）Are you afraid that?Ive grown so crazy about.I didnt dare. （二）同意和不同意（Agreement & disagreement）I agree.I think so.Exactly.I dont agree.I dont think so.Im afraid not. （三）肯定程度（Certainty）Thats correct.Of course not. 五、语法知识陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的相互转换。（一）直接引语和间接引语引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语，实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句（其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外，其转换后是不定式）。直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句时，转换为间接引语,在句子的结构、人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化。 （二）直接引语变间接引语的变化1.人称变化，如：I told him, “I dont agree with you.”我告诉他：“我不同意你的看法。”I told him that I didnt agree with him.我告诉他我不同意他的观点。2.时态的转换直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：直 接 引 语间 接 引 语 一 般 现 在 时一 般 过 去 时一 般 过 去 时过 去 完 成 时现 在 进 行 时过 去 进 行 时过 去 完 成 时过 去 完 成 时现 在 完 成 时过 去 完 成 时过 去 进 行 时过 去 进 行 时一 般 将 来 时过 去 将 来 时3.指示代词的变化thisthat； thesethose4.时间状语的变化 nowthen； todaythat day； tonightthat night； tomorrowthe next day； yesterdaythe day before； last nightthe night before； the day before yesterdaytwo days before； next weekthe next week5.地点状语的变化 herethere6.方向性动词变化 bringtake； comego （三）直接引语为疑问句直接引语为疑问句，变为间接引语时关联词用whether，if或其它疑问词，词序与一般从句相同，be、have等助动词置于主语之后，；引述动词常用say、ask、wonder、inquire等。各种变化要求与直接引语为陈述句时变为间接引语应做的变化相同。1.直接引语为一般疑问句，变为间接引语时应由whether或if引导，如：He said to us, “Are you going away today?”他对我们说,“你们今天走么？”He asked us whether we were going away that day.他问我们是否那一天走。2.直接引语为特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，其关联词应用疑问代词或疑问副词，如：“What have you done?”he asked. “你干什么了？”他问道。He asked what Id done.他问我干什么了。“When will he come?”she asked. “他什么时候来？”她问道。She asked when he would come.她问他什么时候来。 经典例题荟萃 把下列直接引语变成间接引语【例题1】He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.”【答案】He said when he was a child, he usually played football after school.【解析】当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句表示过去的时间时，从句时态无须改变。 【例题2】Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”【答案】Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.【解析】当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，从句时态无须改变。 【例题3】He said，“Practice makes perfect.”【答案】He said that practice makes perfect.【解析】当引语是谚语、格言时,从句时态无须改变。 【例题4】“Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said.【答案】He told me to be careful with my handwriting.【解析】直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。 【例题5】The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”【答案】The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon.【解析】如果直接引语是两个或两个以上的并列句时,改成间接引语由that引导时，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。 【例题6】She said, “What a lovely day it is!”【答案】She said what a lovely day it was.或She said that it was a lovely day.【解析】直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导。 【例题7】He will say, “Ill try my best to help you.”【答案】He will say that he will try his best to help me.【解析】主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，从句时态无须改变。 【例题8】He said，“Be seated, please.”【答案】He asked us to be seated.【解析】直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, order, request等。 【例题9】The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather _ the helplessness of the crew at sea.A. added toB. resulted fromC. turned outD. made up【答案】A【解析】resulted from “由于，起因于”，turned out “结果是，证明是”，made up“编造”，分析语境可知，该空的意思是“增加”，应填added to. the helplessness of the crew at sea是与The engine of the ship was out of order在逻辑上是并列的糟糕情况，而不是结果，原因等。 【例题10】-Is Mr. Wang in?-Sorry, he _ lives here. Hes moved.A. no moreB. not moreC. no longerD. not longer【答案】C【解析】句意为“王先生在家吗？-对不起，他已经不再这儿住了，他搬家了”。这里live是延续性的动词，所以应选C。 【例题11】Id rather have some wine if you dont mind._？Anything you want.A. Surely B. Of course not C. Certainly I do D. Indeed【答案】B【解析】If you dont mind是表示征求许可的日常用语。否定回答表示同意对方做这件事，肯定回答表示不同意做这件事。在下文中，Anything you want可知表示同意。 各地高考真题 1（1995全国）The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him _ Anot to Bnot to doCnot do it Ddo not to 2（1991全国）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking Anever to drive Bto never driveCnever driving Dnever drive 3（1992全国）He asked _ for the violin Adid I pay how much BI paid how muchChow much did I pay Dhow much I paid 4（2000上海）Someone is ringing the doorbellGo and see _ Awho is he Bwho he isCwho is it Dwho it is 5（2002全国）I wonder why Jenny _ us recentlyWe should have heard from her by now Ahasnt written Bdoesnt writeCwont write Dhadnt written 6（2000全国）The reporter said that the UFO _ east to west when he saw it Awas travellingBtravelledChad been travelingDwas to travel 7（1992全国）When Jack arrived，he learned Mary _ for almost an hour Ahad gone Bhad set offChad left Dhad been away 8（2006山东）I just wonder _ that makes him so excited. Awhy it does Bwhat he doesChow it is D. what it is 9. (2006重庆) Mr. Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon. Dont you forget it! OK, I_.A. wont B. dont C. will D. do 10.（2006重庆）How about seeing the new movie at the theatre tonight?_ , but Ive got to go over my notes for tomorrows exam.A. All right B. Sounds greatC. I cant D. No, I am terribly sorry 11.（2005重庆）My family usually goes skating for vacation, I like skating, but I want to try something different this year. _A. Lets go. B. Cheer up. C. Like what? D. Take care. 12.(2006全国) I wonder if I could possibly use your car for tonight? _. Im not using it anyhow.A. Sure, go ahead B. I dont know C. Yes, indeed D. I dont care 13.（2006上海）These shoes look very good. I wonder _.A. how much cost they are B. how much do they costC. how much they cost D. how much are they cost 1.A 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.C在线测试 一、词汇测试:根据中文意思及单词的第一字母提示,写出下列单词1.增加 a_ _ 2.难过的；沮丧的 u_ _ _ _ 3.忽视 i_ _ _ _ _ 4.平静的 c_ _ _5.欺骗 c_ _ _ _ 6.列出 l_ _ _7.感觉 f_ _ _ _ _ _8.户外 o_ _ _ _ _ _ _9.发疯的 c_ _ _ _10.自然 n_ _ _ _ _11.目的 p_ _ _ _ _ _ 12.雷声 t_ _ _ _ _ _13.完全地 e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14.力,力量；权力 p_ _ _ _ 15.信任 t_ _ _ _ 16.遭受 s_ _ _ _ _17.忠告,建议 a_ _ _ _ _ 18.问卷调查 q_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19.情况,情形 s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20.交流 c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 二、直接引语及间接引语练习(一)人称转换练习1. He said, “I am very sorry.”2.“You should be more careful next time,” my father told me.3. She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.”4. He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?”(二)时态转换练习1. “I am very glad to visit your school”, she said.2. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.”3. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homework before you watch TV?”4. He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?”5.“Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked.6. Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?”7. Tom said, “We were having a football match this time yesterday.”8. He said，“I havent heard from my parents these days.” 三、从下面各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项1. Does Tom often play _ football after _ school?A/; /B/; theCthe; /Da; a2. How wonderful! The _ is made of _.Ahouse; glassBhouse; glassesChouses; glassDhouses; glasses3. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A20 minuteswalkB20 minutes walkC20-minutes walkD20-minute walk4.The man _ Mary was so tall that she could hardly see the show.Ain front ofBin the front ofCat the back ofDat the beginning of5. The garden _ while the Greens were away from home.A. took good care ofBwas taken good careCwas taken good care ofDwas taking good care6. Have you finished _ the book?Not yet. Ill try _ it to you before Friday.Areading; returningBto read; to returnCreading; to returnD. to read; returning7. Many people watched the boys _ the mountain at that time.AclimbBclimbingCto climbDclimbed8. India had the second _ population in the world.AlargestBlargerCmostDsmallest9. When father was young, he _ from morning till night.Awas made workBwas made workingCmade to workDwas made to work10. Five-year-old children are too young to go to school, _?Aare theyBarent theyCwere theyDhave they11. _ I put my coat here?Sorry, you _.AMust; mustntBDo; dontCcan; needntDMay; cant12. Tom wants to try _ some of his ideas.AonBoffCoutDto13. Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow?A. rainBwill rainCrainingDrains14. Do you know _ at the bus stop?A. whom they are waiting forBwho they are waitingCwhom are they waiting forDwho are they waiting15. The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes _.A. closeB. to closeC. closingD. closed16. _ there any good news in todays newspaper?AAreBIsCHaveDHas 四、完形填空Thank you for the gift sent to me and I was 1 to receive your letter, asking what advice I would 2 you on how to become a newspaper 3 in the future. First, learn 4 to use a typewriter(打字机). This is 5 of the things you are able to do. You can 6 learn the skill in school or buy a book that 7 how to teach yourself. At school you should learn how to 8 and write your own language well 9 the other subjects. Outside your school there are 10 many things you can do to prepare yourself for a newspaper 11 . When you read a newspaper 12 , notice how it is 13 . You should also 14 some time discovering how your city government works and how some of the business meetings are going on. The more you know about them, the more successful you will be. 15 you have any questions I havent answered clearly in this letter, please write to me again.1. A. ready B. pleasant C. worried D. pleased2. A. write B. give C. tell D. make3. A. reporter B. reader C. seller D. thinker4. A. how B. why C. when D. well5. A. first B. one C. the need D. necessary6. A. quickly B. possibly C. either D. also7. A. suggests B. answers C. helps D. explains8. A. learn B. read C. use D. look9. A. except B. but C. besides D. about10. A. also B. even C. as well D. at least11. A. business B. work C. seat D. job12. A. print B. lie C. story