英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词.doc

英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：http:/qinghua.yeryy.com/ 清华大学英语教授研究组提供英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词I. 一般过去时的概念 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week, Monday), ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19.等。例如： She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。 例如：He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。 当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用 was, were。II. 一般过去时的构成 (1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则： 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如：look-looked， watch-watched。 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。 如：live-lived， like-liked。 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped， shop-shopped。 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied， carry-carried。 (2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。 III. 一般过去时的几种句型 肯定句结构为： 主语+was / were +其它。 如：They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。 主语+动词的过去式+其它。 如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。 否定句结构为： 主语+was / were not (wasnt / werent) +其它。如：My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。 主语+did not (didnt)+动词原形+其它。 如：She didnt come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。 一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为： Was / Were +主语+其它? 如：Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasnt. 去年冬天冷吗？ Did+主语动词原形其它？ 如：Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didnt.) 去年你们去北京吗？特殊疑问句的构成为： 疑问词did+主语动词原形其它？ 如：What did you do last night? I did my homework. . 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后t，元，浊d，t, d 之后读id。 清辅音p k f s t 等后，ed要读t。 如： worked，finished。 元音或浊辅音b g v z m等后，ed要读d。 如：lived，called。 t 或 d 后，ed读id。 如：started，needed。 英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表* amwasbeen是* arewerebeen是awakeawokeawoke唤醒bearboreborn忍受beatbeatbeaten打，敲打becomebecamebecome成为，变成* beginbeganbegun开始betbetbet打赌blowblewblown吹breakbrokebroken打坏，打破* bringbroughtbrought带来* buildbuiltbuilt建筑，建设burnburntburnt燃烧* buyboughtbought买catchcaughtcaught揪住，抓住* cancould能，会choosechosechosen选择* comecamecame来costcostcost花费cutcutcut砍，切* dodiddone做* doesdiddone做dreamdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt做梦* drinkdrankdrunk喝drivedrovedriven驾驶，开车* eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下，跌倒feedfedfed喂养feelfeltfelt感觉fightfoughtfought打架* findfoundfound发现，找到flyflewflown飞行forgetforgotforgotten/forgot忘记freezefrozefrozen结冰* getgotgot/gotten得到* givegavegiven给予* gowentgone走，去growgrewgrown成长，种植hanghung/hangedhung/hanged吊，悬挂* havehadhad有* hashadhad有hearheardheard听见hithithit打，击holdheldheld举办，容纳hurthurthurt伤害keepkeptkept保持，喂养* knowknewknown知道，了解laylaidlaid下蛋，平躺* learnlearnt/learntlearnt学习* leaveleftleft离开，留下lendlentlent借给* letletlet让* lielaylain躺下* loselostlost丢失* makemademade制造，制作meanmeantmeant意思是，意味着* meetmetmet遇见* maymight可以mistakemistookmistaken犯错mustmust必须paypaidpaid付钱，赔偿* putputput挂* readreadread读rideroderidden骑，乘ringrangrung(钟/铃)响，鸣riseroserisen升起* runranrun跑* saysaidsaid说* seesawseen看见* sellsoldsold卖* sendsentsent寄，送;派setset set安装shakeshookshaken摇动，摆动shallshould将shineshone/shinedshone/shined照耀* showshowedshown/showed显示shutshutshut关singsangsung唱sinksanksunk下沉* sitsatsat坐* sleepsleptslept睡smellsmeltsmelt嗅* speakspokespoken说spellspeltspelt拼读，拼写* spendspentspent花费，度过spillspiltsplit溅，洒spitspatspat吐痰spoilspoiltspoilt糟蹋* standstoodstood站stealstolestolen偷sweepsweptswept打扫* swimswamswum游泳* taketooktook带去，花费，乘* teachtaughttaught教* telltoldtold告诉* thinkthoughtthought想，思考throwthrewthrown扔，投，掷understandunderstoodunderstood明白wakewoke/wakedwoken/waked醒* wearworeworn穿戴winwonwon获胜* writewrotewritten写* willwould将，愿英文小短剧本文转自www.coffbar.com，www.coffbar.com 小品剧本，个人简历 简历封面A(衣衫褴褛） B（衣着光鲜） C小花 D小草 E椅子 F新闻记者B坐在E上吃东西，A一乞丐上前A：先生，先生，请给我些面包，谢谢，我饿得不行了。B：（厌恶）让开，让开。（然后便起身离开，这时他的钱包掉到E上头了）A：先生，先生（A看见后，立即拾起，追上了走远的B）B：让开，让开啊，我没吃的了，也没钱了（看也不看A，仍自顾自地走了）C：他真愚蠢啊D：是啊是啊（D点头附和）A：可先生您听我说（仍拉着B衣服的后摆）B：挖，你这人怎么这么讨厌！（还是没有回头看A一眼）C：椅子啊，你会不会觉得刚刚坐在你身上的人特愚蠢？E：唉，人总是这么愚蠢啊D：是啊是啊与此同时A与B还在纠缠，这时E终于隐忍不住爆发了。E：先生！你的钱包丢了！你怎么这么傻啊。A与B同时回头，看见了那会说话的椅子E，吓昏过去了。这一幕恰巧被经过的F看见了。于是F就报道了这一事件。F：大家好，我是新闻记者F，今天我看见了一个奇异的现象，一个椅子说话了，两个人被吓昏了，下面我将采访一下被吓昏的两个人。B：哦，上帝，哦，妈妈。F：这个人傻了，我们不鸟他了，下面我采访一下另一个人吧，请问你为什么不告诉他，他的钱包丢了？A：对不起，我不知道“钱包”这个单词怎么讲F：通过这一事件，我们可以认识到，掌握一门外语的重要性，以及金钱给人类带来的影响。是吗，椅子？E：是啊，是啊（E傻傻地拼命点头）C：唉，人可真愚蠢，椅子也被他们弄傻了。D：谁让这是一个童话呢为了配合马可的英文翻译，所以台词能简单就简单啦。下面是马可的英文翻译。A:sir,sir,please give me a piece of bread.thank you,sir.Im hungry to die.B:get away,get away,dirty man.A:sir,sir!B:run away,please run away.I have no food,and I dont have money,either.C:hey,xiao D,he is so foolish,isnt he?D:yes,yes.A:but.sir.please listen to me.B:wa,why are you so disgusting!C:hey,chair,do you feel the man sat on you a moment ago is very stupid.E:ai,pretty flower,do you know,men are always very silly.D:yes,yes!E:sir!you lost your wallet!cant you be more clever?F:good morning,everybody.Im a jonrnist F. Today I saw a very weird thing-a chair open her mouth,and two men are frightened to faint.now,I will intenview the two nozzy man.B:wo,my god,wo,my,mum.F:Im sorry to tell you this man has been mad.we neednt take notice of him.let me interview the other man,hello,man,can you tell men why didnt you tell him he lost his wallet?A:Im sorry,I dont know how to speak 钱包 in english.F:dear audience,through this thing we can learn that how improtant it is to mastery a foreign language,and how lagre the money affect us.is that all right,chair?E:yes,yes.C:ai,men is so silly.D:dont believe us,it is just a fairly tale.本文转自www.coffbar.com，www.coffbar.com 小品剧本，个人简历 简历封面刚刚小安告诉我“丢提瑞破特”原来是这样写的duty report英语老师把班上69个人分成12组，一个组有5到6个人，每周大家坐一块讨论件事情，这周我们就打算做这个小话剧了，下次可能打算写个续集什么的。我就演那台词简单的小花，70604演台词最少的小草，马可可能演那个台词也很少但是却是真正意义上的主角的椅子，我们的续集的情节梗概都准备好了。准备写那个椅子被人们关注后所发生的一系列事情。哈，系列啊，够我们搞到那个英语老师下台了 本文来自: 恒星英语学习网(www.Hxen.com) 详细出处参考：http:/www.hxen.com/yingyujuben/2007-03-30/4938.html一、 Tom arrived at the bus station quite early for Paris bus. The bus for Paris would not leave until five to twelve. He saw a lot of people waiting in the station. Some were standing in line(排队), others were walking around. There was a group of schoolgirls. Their teacher was trying to keep them in line. Tom looked around but there was no place for him to sit.He walked into the station cafe(咖啡馆). he looked up at the clock there. It was only twenty to twelve. He found a seat and sat down before a large mirror(镜子) on the wall. Just then, Mike, one of Toms workmates came in and sat with Tom.“What time is your bus?” asked Mike.“Theres plenty of time yet,” answered Tom.“Well, Ill get you some more tea then,” said Mike.They talked while drinking. Then Tom looked at the clock again. “Oh! Its going backward(倒行)!” he cried. “A few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve and now its half past eleven.”“Youre looking at the clock in the mirror.” said Mike. Tom was so sad(难过). The next bus was not to leave for another hour. Since then Tom has never liked mirrors.根据以上短文内容，从下列各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。1、Tom went into the station cafe because .AMike asked him to have a cup of teaBit was quite early and he could find a seat thereChe didnt like to stay with the schoolgirlsDhe wanted to have a drink with his workmate there2、What time was it in fact when Tom looked at the clock in the mirror?AHalf past twelve BTwenty to twelveCHalf past eleven DHalf past one3、From the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find .Athe time is right Bits going slowerCits going backward Dits going faster4、Which of the following is true?ATom arrived in Paris on timeBThe next bus would leave in half an hourCAfter that Tom didnt like clocks any longerDTom looked at the clock in the mirror only once5、Which of the following is the title(题目) of the story?AThe Mirror of the StationBNot A Careful ManCMissing A BusDThe Clock In The Mirror二、When Mr. David retired（退休）,he bought a small house in a village near the sea. He liked it and hoped to live a quiet life in it.But to his great surprise, many tourists（游客）came to see his house in summer holidays, for it was the most interesting building in the village. From morning to night there were tourists outside the house. They kept looking into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went into Mr. Davids garden. This was too much for Mr. David. He decided to drive the visitors away. So he put a notice on the window. The notice said: “If you want to satisfy your curiosity（好奇心）, came in and look round. Price（价格）: twenty dollars.” Mr. David was sure that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong. More and more visitors came and Mr. David had to spend every day showing them around his house. “I came here to retire, not to work as a guide（导游）.” he said angrily. In the end, he sold the house and moved away.根据短文内容，从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。1、Mr. Davids house was that many tourists came to see it.Aso small Bso quiet Cso interesting Dsuch interesting2、Mr. David put a notice on the window in order .Ato drive the visitors away Bto satisfy the visitors curiosityCto let visitors come in and look roundDto get some money out of the visitors3、The notice made the visitors .Amore interested in his houseBlost interest in his houseCangry at the unfair priceDfeel happy about the price4、After Mr. David put up the notice .Athe visitors didnt come any longerBfewer and fewer visitors came to see his houseCmore and more tourists came for a visitDno tourist would pay the money for a visit5、At last he had to sell his house and move away because .Ahe did not like it at allBhe could not work as a guideChe made enough money and wanted to buy a new expensive houseDhe could not live a quiet life in it三、Sigmund Freud was a world-famous doctor of Vienna（维也纳）. He was also a man full of humour（幽默）. Once, at his 70th birthday party, a friend asked Freud if he could put his work into several words. “Well,” said Freud, “we take the sick out of their trouble and return them to the common suffering.”As a devoted（忠实的）son, Freud often visited his old mother. His mother usually spent her summers in a small mountain town in Austria（奥地利）. The King Josef usually spent his summers there, too. One day in the summer, a band（乐队）was playing a lively tune（曲子）when Freuds mother was sitting at the window and watching the people singing and dancing on Main Street. The old woman had a poor memory. She heard the band playing, but forgot it was the Kings birthday. Freud was visiting his mother on her 95th birthday. He told his mother, “Mama, the band is playing for your birthday.” She believed him and had a wonderful day.根据短文内容，从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择正确答案。1、Freud was a famous of .Adoctor, Austria Bgeneral, ViennaCKing, Austria Ddoctor, Australia2、From what Freud said at his 70th birthday party, we can see that he was .Aa brave man Ba sick manCa devoted man Da man full of humour3、One day Freud came to the small mountain town for .Ahis 70th birthday Bthe King Josefs birthdayChis mothers birthday Dfor his holiday4、Which of the four sentences is wrong?AFreuds mother and the King Josef usually spent their summers in the same place.BFreud mothers birthday and the Kings birthday were on the same day.CFreuds mother was so old that her memory was very bad.DShe knew that the band was playing for the King.5、Freuds mother felt very happy on her 95th birthday because .Athe King Josef himself came to celebrate（庆贺）her birthdayBthe people of the town came out to celebrate her birthdayCshe believed that the band was playing for her birthdayDshe heard the band playing a lively tune so wonderfully四、We each have a memory（记忆力）. Thats why we can still remember things after a long time. Some people have very good memories and they can easily learn many things by heart, but some people can only remember things when they say or do them again and again. Many of the great men of the world have got surprising memories.A good memory is a great help in learning a language. Everybody learns his mother language when he is a small child. He hears the sounds, remembers them and then he learns to speak. Some children are living with their parents in foreign countries. They can learn two languages as easily as one because they hear, remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is not so easy to learn a foreign language because the pupils have so little time for it, and they are busy with other subjects, too.But your memory will become better and better when you do more and more exercises.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。1、Some people can easily learn many things by heart because .Athey always sleep very well Bthey often eat good foodCthey read a lot of books Dthey have very good memories2、Everybody learns his mother language .Aat the age of six Bwhen he is a small childCafter he goes to school Dwhen he can read and write3、Before a child can speak, he must .Aread and write Bmake sentencesChear and remember the sounds Dthink hard4、In school the pupils cant learn a foreign language well because .Athey have no good memories Bthey have no recordersCthey have too much time for it Dthey are busy with other subjects5、Your memory will become better and better .Aif you have plenty of good food Bif you do more and more exercisesCif you do morning exercises every dayDif you get up early五、We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers. Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf.It stood outside a furniture（家具）shop. “Buy it,” she said at once. “Well carry it home on the roof-rack（车顶架）. Ive always wanted one like that.”What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tied on to the roof rack. It was tall and narrow, quite heavy too.As it was getting darker, I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said, “Theres a long line of cars behind. Why dont they overtake（超车）?”Just at that time a police car did overtake. The two officers（警官）inside looked at us seriously when they went past. But then, with a kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy traffic. The police car stopped at our village church（教堂）. One of the officers came to me.“Right, sir,” he said. “Do you need any more help now?”I didnt quite understand. “Thanks, officer,” I said. “Youve been very kind. I live just down the road.”He was looking at our things: first at the flowers, then at the bookshelf. “Well, well,” he said and laughed. “Its a bookshelf youve got there! We thought it waser, something else.”My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood why the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. “Yes, its a bookshelf, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.1、From the story we know that .Athe writer was poor and didnt buy the bookshelf for his wifeBthe writers wife didnt like the bookshelf at allCthe writer was always glad to buy something for his wifeDthe writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife2、What made the writer think that carrying furniture was “a good idea”?AHe could drive slowly and it was safe.BOther drivers would let him go first.CHis wife could use a new bookshelf.DHe could save a lot of money and time.3、Why were the police and other drivers so kind to the writer?ABecause they thought the writer liked studying very much and needed a bookshelf.BBecause they didnt think it was polite to overtake a car with a bookshelf on it.CBecause they thought somebody in the writers family had died and he needed help.DBecause they thought it was dangerous to carry a bookshelf on a car.4、Why did the writers wife begin to laugh?ABecause now she knew what mistake the police had made.BBecause at last her husband understood why the police had driven to the church.CBecause the officer was always looking at the flowers and the bookshelf.DBecause the police had helped them a lot.5、When did the officers begin to realize（意识到）they had made a mistake?ABefore they arrived at the church.BBefore they overtook（overtake的过去式）the writers car.CAfter one of them looked at the flowers and the bookshelf carefully at the church.DAfter the writers family left the church.六、Mr. and Mrs. Bell are very forgetful（健忘的）. For example, Mr. Bell sometimes goes to his office for work on Sunday morning, for he thinks it is Monday. And Mrs. Bell sometimes forget to cook supper for the family.One summer they planned（计划）to fly to New York for their holidays. They got to the airport only ten minutes before the plane took off. So time was short. But suddenly Mrs. Bell said she must tell Alice, their daughter,not to forget to lock the front door when she went to school. As Alice was then at school, they couldnt tell her about it by telephone. So they hurried to the post office. Mrs. Bell wrote a short note to Alice while Mr. Bell bought a stamp and an envelope（信封）. Soon the note was ready. They put the stamp on the envelope in a hurry and dropped it in the letter box, but suddenly Mrs. Bell began to cry. The short note was still in her hand. She had put the plane tickets in the envelope.根据短文内容判断各句是否符合短文意思，符合的划“”，否则划“”。1、Mr. Bell is so forgetful that sometimes he takes Sunday for Monday and goes to work on Sunday morning.2、One summer they planned to fly to New York to see their daughter.3、There was no telephone at the airport, so they had to write a note to Alice.4、In a hurry they dropped their tickets in the letter box.5、Suddenly Mrs. Bell began to cry because she had forgotten to put the stamp on the envelope.英语基础语法：一般过去时一 一般过去时的定义一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before , when clause, in the past连用。如：What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么？I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我会到了林涛。I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿二、用法说明1表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。 常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。如：He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事？2在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如：We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。如：He used to smoke a lot, but he doesnt now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。3表示主语过去的特征或性格。如：At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。4用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如：He said he would wait until they came back. 5一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。如：I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如：