高考英语阅读理解解题方法.doc

高考英语阅读理解解题技巧1高考英语阅读理解文章特点：每篇文章都有中心思想，一般情况下，文章的中心思想放在第一句，这是西方人写作的习惯，和中国人写论文一样：文章结构：论点-论据-论证，我们写文章要切题切文章中心思想。如考试大纲规定：命题时不能妨碍考生对文章作者思路的理解。因此，做题时要记住：ABCD符合文章中心思想既为答案；有时候，文章的中心思想会通过第一段的转折词体现出来：比如But, However(however), Today(today), This day, These days, Now, Yet, Neverthless等。2高考英语阅读理解解题方法（技巧）一般来说，解题遵循三个方向：（1）中心思想解题：ABCD四项答案与中心思想或主题句所表达的思想一致（通俗一点来说，单词重复多的）（2）规律性解题：正确答案一般呈现出以下规律，答案显得非常相对，比如（may, might, can, could, sometimes, probable, possible, probably, certain, some,be able to, should，almost, most ）,绝对词一般不是正确答案（only, all, every, always,never,must, have to ）（3）关键词回归定位法，找到关键词，定位在文章的出处，即有答案。（按顺序做题）下面分别对这3种方法进行分类讲解：1中心思想解题（1）文章的主题句一般放在文章的第一句，如果有转折词，应在转折词之后，如But, However(however), Yet, Today 等。（2）如果主题句是否定句或者疑问句，应看其后面一句。即对否定的肯定，或者对疑问的答复。（3）如果第一句没有主题句，则顺序应看第2句，再看最后一句。ABCD四项答案与文章中心思想所表达的意思一致（通俗一点来说，ABCD单词与主题句或文章中心思想单词重复多的）这种题经常出现在阅读理解的文章的第一题或者最后一题。2007年高考英语（广东卷）Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self- respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as honor help you create this life of good feelings. Heres an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerks mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.49. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake? _C_A. Well be very excited. B. Well feel unfortunate.C. Well have a sense of honor. D. Well feel sorry for the clerk.50. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage._D_A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of PeacefulnessC. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions2007年高考英语（广东卷）Malaria, the worlds most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year-almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people dont (or cant) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long. 51. According to paragraph 1, many people dont seek care because_A_.A. they are too poor B. it is unusual to seek careC. they can remain unaffected for longD. there are too many people suffering from the disease2007年广东省学位英语统考In your car you may have a cell phone, a telephone also known as a mobile phone that you can carry around and use anywhere. On.your way, you may feel coordinated and enjoy your hands-free phone talking while driving. But recent studies suggest that it isnt the dialing or the arm waving that makes driving while talking on a cell phone dangerous. It is the yakking itself-or more precisely, the continuous conversation with someone who isnt present-that makes. David Strayer, a Utah psychologist says, Your driving performance while talking on a cell phone is weakened at levels comparable to, or worse than, driving with a blood alcohol level of 0.08, which is the legal limit in most states of America.16. According to the recent studies, which of the following makes driving dangerous?_C_A A cell phone dialing by the driver.BI The drivers endless arm waving.C The drivers continuous cell phone talking.D The absence of another phone speaker.2008年高考广东卷It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry：doesnt he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly. 52. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because_A_. A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace termsB. the Tsars peace terms were hard to acceptC. the Russians stopped his military movementD. he didnt have any more army to fight with2010广东高考英语真题：When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks,And at restaurants did not take her seriously,did not give her good service,pretended not to Understand her,or even acted as if they did not hear her.41.Why was the authors mother poorly served? _A_ A.She was unable to speak good English.B.She was often misunderstood.C.She was not clearly heard.D.She was not very polite.2010广东高考英语真题：When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say，“Well,its so-and-sos fault.”or “I know Im late，but its not my fault；the car broke down.”It is probably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser Yoa have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However,you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winners key to success.46. According to the passage, winners A . A. deal with problems rather that blame othersB. meet with fewer difficulties in their livesC. have responsible and able colleaguesD. blame themselves rather that others2007年高考英语（广东卷）How should one invest a sum of money in these clays of inflation (通货膨胀)? Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate. Only a brave man, or a very rich one, dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market. Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings, and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques.41. According to the passage, collecting antique clocks_C_. A. can hardly keep the value of your savings B. will cost much of your savingsC. may increase your wealth D. needs your bravery2规律性解题正确答案一般呈现出以下规律：答案显得非常相对，比如（may, might, can, could, sometimes, probable, certain, some,be able to, ）,绝对词一般不是正确答案（only, all, every, always,never）2010年广东省高考英语Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. Aperson who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Becteria and other microorganisms man poison eggs, meat, vegetabies, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release（释放）poisons that make people sick.Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processes, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and in sects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.51.Which of the following statements is NOT true?_B_ A.Food when poisoned can make people sick.B.Food poisoning means death.C.Food poisoning comes in varieties.D.Food poisoning can be serious.52.We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning C . A.are always accompanied by a feverB.are too common to be notedC.can be noticed within hoursD.can he ignored53.Food poiseming can be caused by all the following EXCEPT B . A.some chemicalsB.low temperaturesC.some tiny living thingsD.certain naturall materials54.From Paragraph 5,we can learn that D . A.mushrooms should not be eatenB.vegetables are safer than meat and seafoodC.natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicalsD.different types of food should be handled differently55.It can be inferred from the passage that C . A.natural materials are safe in food processingB.chemicals are needed in food processingC.food poisoning can be kept under controlD.food poisoning is out of control3关键词回归定位法解题关键词回规定位与句子的处理原则：在转折词but, however, yet, finally, turn out, most important, therefore,so后面经常有答案。双引号，破折号也经常是答案的体现。（1）有转折选转折，有总结的选总结，有双引号选双引号，有破折号，选破折号后面。（2）问句不是答案，对问句的回答才是答案。（3）否定不是答案，对否定的肯定才是答案。2007年高考英语（广东卷）Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self- respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as honor help you create this life of good feelings. Heres an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerks mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.49. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake? _C_ A. Well be very excited. B. Well feel unfortunate.C. Well have a sense of honor. D. Well feel sorry for the clerk.50. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage. _D_ A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of PeacefulnessC. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness through Honorable Actions2007年高考英语（广东卷）Malaria, the worlds most widespread parasitic(寄生虫引起的) disease, kills as many as three million people every year-almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people dont (or cant) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long. 51. According to paragraph 1, many people dont seek care because_A_. A. they are too poor B. it is unusual to seek careC. they can remain unaffected for longD. there are too many people suffering from the disease2005学位英语真题They designed a model house built around waterproof bamboo-sheet roofing and bamboo- reinforced concrete walls. To test the structure, the engineers, sponsored by the U.K. Department of Interenational Development, took it to the Earthquake Engineering and Vibration Research Centre in Bangalore, which has a state-of-the-art earthquake simulator (模拟装置). The-researchers shook the house with five successive 30-second pulses, being equal to 7.8 on the Richter (里氏) scale. The simulation was more than 10 time as violent as the Barn earthquake, yet the house emerged undamaged. We didnt even crack the paint, says engineer Paul Follett, of Britains Timber Research and Development Association.23. What was the result of the test? _D_A、 The shake lasted 150 seconds. B、 The simulation was over 10 times as violent.C、 The paint was cracked. D、 The model remained undamaged.2009年广东英语高考：Lisa was running lateLisa，25，had a lot to do at work，plus visitors on the way：her parents were coming in for Thanksgiving from her hometownBut as she hurried down the subway stairs she started to feel uncomfortably warlnBy the time she got to the platform，Lisa felt weak and tired-maybe it hadnt been a good idea to give blood the night before，she thoughtShe rested herself against a post close to the tracksSeveral yards away，Frank，43，and his girlfriend，Jennifer，found a spot close to where the front of the train would stopThey were deep in discussion about a house they were thinking of buying41What was the most probable cause for Lisas weakness? _D_AShe had run a long wayBShe felt hot in the subwayCShe had done a 1ot of workDShe had donated blood the night before2008年广东省高考Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoys War and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands. Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse. He is said to be “undersized. With “short legs and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys description-it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts: other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoys Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his noseand that is the point.It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812,Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry：doesnt he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly. 51. Tolstoys description of Napoleon in War and Peace is _C_ A. far from the historical factsB. based on the Russian history C. based on his selection of factsD. not related to historical details52. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because _A_ A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace termsB. the Tsars peace terms were hard to acceptC. the Russians stopped his military movementD. he didnt have any more army to fight with高考试题验证：2011年广东高考英语试题阅读理解In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They dont get to see this soft side of others often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending were brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness thats in them.Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty fore years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.No more angry shouts and no more horns!When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldnt get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we dont feel that way. But those are and far between. More often, it would be better if we dont pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.26. the author has discovered that people will feel happy when _A_. A. they offer their help B. they receive others help C. they feel others kindness D. they show their weakness27. The author feels sad sometimes because _D_. A. he has a soft heart B. he relies much on others C. some people pretend to be kind D. some people fail to see the kindness in others28. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights? _B_.A. They speed up to pass. B. They waited with patience. C. They tried their best to help. D. They put on their flashlights too.29. In this passage, the author advises us to _C_. A. handle problems by ourselves B. accept help from others C. admit our weakness D. show our bravery30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? _B_. A. A Wheelchair Experience. B. Weakness and Kindness. C. Weakness and StrengthD. A Driving Experience2011年广东高考英语试题阅读理解Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk dog, and dogs can learn how to talk Cat.Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They