ACCA-F5-考前Tips：考试重点及答题技巧(下)

http:/www.kbfinancial.com.cnACCACIMACFA成建制方向班、业余制班全国招生中_ACCAF5考前Tips：考试重点及答题技巧（下）书接上回，今天继续带大家来看看F5部分重点题型的答案解析。Partthree部分重点题型的答案解析（摘选近年来的重点难点考试真题）(2016NewType-Sample新题型样卷)选择题1Acompanymanufacturestwoproducts,CandD,forwhichthefollowinginformationisavailable:Otheroverheadcostsareabsorbedonalaborhourbasis.Usingactivity-basedcosting,whatisthebudgetedoverheadcostperunitofProductD?2ThesellingpriceofProductXissetat$550foreachunitandsalesforthecomingyearareexpectedtobe800units.Areturnof30%ontheinvestmentof$500,000inProductXwillberequiredinthecomingyear.WhatisthetargetcostforeachunitofProductX?Solution:Return:$500,000x30%=$150,000Totalsalesrevenue=$550x800=$440,000Thereforetotalcost=$440,000$150,000=$290,000Unitcost=$290,000/800=$36250(2015Jun)选择题1Adivisionisconsideringinvestingincapitalequipmentcosting$27m.Theusefuleconomiclifeoftheequipmentisexpectedtobe50years,withnoresalevalueattheendoftheperiod.Theforecastreturnontheinitialinvestmentis15%perannumbeforedepreciation.Thedivisionscostofcapitalis7%.Whatistheexpectedannualresidualincomeoftheinitialinvestment?Solution:RI=Divisionalprofitafterdepreciation-Imputedinterest=($2.7mx15%-$2.7mx1/50)-$2.7mx7%=$162,000注释：RI的重要变量是可控利润(本题叫做Divisionalprofitafterdepreciation)controllableprofit用来衡量子公司通过可控行为而产生的利润（即需要剔除总部摊销费用，以及其他不可控因素对子公司利润的影响）本题很明显：子公司可以自主决定（控制）设备的投资，随后的折旧就是可控费用2TheFruitCompany(FCo)currentlygrowsfruitwhichcustomerspickthemselvesfromthefieldsbeforepaying.FCoisconcernedthatalargenumberofcustomersareeatingsomeofthefruitwhilstpickingitandarethereforenotpayingforallofit.Asaresult,ithastodecidewhethertohirestafftopickandpackagethefruitinstead.Thefollowingvaluesandcostshavebeenidentified:(i)Thetotalsalesvalueofthefruitcurrentlypickedandpaidforbycustomers(ii)Thecostofgrowingthefruit(iii)Thecostofhiringstafftopickandpackagethefruit(iv)ThetotalsalesvalueofthefruitifitispickedandpackagedbystaffinsteadWhichoftheabovearerelevanttothedecision?AAlloftheabove;B(ii),(iii)and(iv)only;C(i),(ii)and(iv)only;D(i),(iii)and(iv)onlySolution:(ii)Costofgrowingthefruitwillincuranyway,regardlessofthedecision.种植成本不管要不要招收员工，总是会发生的.(i)and(iv)要结合起来看.如：原来收入为100元，招收员工的收入的120元.则，因这个决定得以发生的现金流入为20元.3Whichofthefollowingstatementsdescribestargetcosting?AItcalculatestheexpectedcostofaproductandthenaddsamargintoittoarriveatthetargetsellingpriceBItallocatesoverheadcoststoproductsbycollectingthecostsintopoolsandsharingthemoutaccordingtoeachproductsusageofthecostdrivingactivityCItidentifiesthemarketpriceofaproductandthensubtractsadesiredprofitmargintoarriveatthetargetcostDItidentifiesdifferentmarketsforaproductandthensellsthatsameproductatdifferentpricesineachmarketSolution:难度很低，考了目标成本法基本概念:从市场接受的价格出发，减去目标利润空间，得到目标成本4TheMobileSandwichCopreparessandwicheswhichitdeliversandsellstoemployeesatlocalbusinesseseachday.Demandvariesbetween325and400sandwicheseachday.Asthedayprogresses,thepriceofthesandwichesisreducedand,attheendoftheday,anysandwichesnotsoldarethrownaway.Thecompanyhaspreparedaregrettabletoshowtheamountofprofitwhichwouldbeforegoneeachdayateachsupplylevel,giventhevaryingdailylevelsofdemand.Applyingthedecisioncriterionofminimaxregret,howmanysandwichesshouldthecompanydecidetosupplyeachday?A325;B350;C375;D400注释：上图不是payofftable,而是一张基于它计算出来的regrettable.当决策为每天生产375个三明治,在实际需求为325个时，后悔值（机会成本）达到最高；当决策为每天生产325个三明治,在实际需求为400个时，后悔值（机会成本）达到最高；当决策为每天生产350个三明治,在实际需求为400个时，后悔值（机会成本）达到最高；当决策为每天生产400个三明治,在实际需求为325个时，后悔值（机会成本）达到最高；对比其他决策，每天生产375个三明治带来的最高机会成本$82是最小的，因此optionC11Acompanymanufacturesthreeproductsusingdifferentamountsofthesamegradeoflabor,whichisinshortsupply.Thefollowingbudgeteddatarelatestotheproducts:Whatordershouldtheproductsbemanufacturedintoensurethatprofitismaximized?Solution:13Acompanyssalesandcostofsalesfigureshaveremainedunchangedforthelasttwoyears.Thefollowinginformationhasbeennoted:Thefollowingstatementshavebeenmadeaboutthecompanysperformancefortherecentyear:(i)Customersaretakinglongertopayandthismayhavecontributedtothedeclineinthecompanyscurrentratio(ii)InventorylevelshaveincreasedandthismayhavecontributedtothedeclineinthecompanysquickratioWhichoftheabovestatementsis/aretrue?A(i)only;B(ii)only;CBoth(i)and(ii);DNeither(i)nor(ii)注释：考生对(ii)普遍疑惑.说明对速动比率的计算公式都掌握不好:该比率在分子剔除了存货余额，即：存货的变动对这个比率没有影响.(2015Jun)1.BeckleyHill(ABC)1BeckleyHill(BH)isaprivatehospitalcarryingouttwotypesofproceduresonpatients.Eachtypeofprocedureincursthefollowingdirectcosts:BHcurrentlycalculatestheoverheadcostperprocedurebytakingthetotaloverheadcostandsimplydividingitbythenumberofprocedures,thenroundingthecosttothenearest2decimalplaces.Thetotalcostis$2,475.85forProcedureAand$4,735.85forProcedureB.Recently,anotherlocalhospitalhasimplementedactivity-basedcosting(ABC).ThishasledthefinancedirectoratBHtoconsiderwhetherthisalternativecostingtechniquewouldbringanybenefitstoBH.HehasobtainedananalysisofBHstotaloverheadsforthelastyearandsomeadditionaldata,allofwhichisshownbelow:(a)Calculatethefullcostperprocedureusingactivity-basedcosting.(6)(b)Makingreferencetoyourfindingsinpart(a),advisethefinancedirectorastowhetheractivity-basedcostingshouldbeimplementedatBH.(4)(b)UnderHBstraditionalmethodofdealingwithoverheads,thecostperprocedure:UnderABC,BHconsidersthecostdriversthatgiverisetotheoverheadcosts;Therefore,ProcedureAhashighercostsandBhaslowercosts;(没有问ABC是否可以帮助企业提高profit)BeforeBHintroducesABC,somefactorsshallbeconsidered:Complex,time-consumingandcostly.LessbenefitscanbeobtainedbyBH,iftheoverheadisinsmallproportionoftotalcost.Itisimpossibletoallocatealloverheadstospecificactivities.Thechoiceofbothactivitiesandcostdriversmightbeinappropriate.亲爱的们，楷博君只能帮你到这里了，剩下的，就是请一定按这张TIPS，在余下的时间内，做完你一定要做的事情，然后，摊开双手，妥妥地接住来自ACCA的祝福：F5 Pass.本文由楷博财经讲师提供，更多考试干货，可登录楷博财经官网获取。9