2013届高考英语语法专题复习定语从句易错题专练.doc

2012届高考英语语法专题复习定语从句易错题专练详解试题1. The headmaster hurried to the concert hall only _ the speaker【译文】 校长匆匆来到音乐大厅，结果发现演讲者早已走了。A. to find； left B. to find； goneC. finding； left D. finding； gone【答案及简析】 B。 不定式表结果时,常指出人意料的结果。第二个考察点是find+宾语+形容词(补语)，表状态。 2. I failed again. I wish I _ harder.But you _.【译文】 我又失败了。我真该努力学习。但是你没有哇。A. had worked； hadnt B. worked； dontC. had worked； didnt D. worked； didnt【答案及简析】 C。 第一空表达与过去事实相反的愿望,所以用过去完成时态表虚拟语气。第二空说明过去的事实,用一般过去时态。3. It was not until liberation that _ to his hometown.【译文】 直到解放他才回到家乡。A. did he return B. was he returnedC. he did return D. he returned【答案及简析】 D。 此句为强调结构： It is/wasthat强调之前的句子为： He didnt returnedto his hometown until liberation.要注意notuntil句型变成强调句后的not的位置。4. Id like a pen which _ well.Will this one _?【译文】 我很想又一只好写的笔。 这只笔如何？A. writes； do B. writes； workC. is written； do D. is written；work【答案及简析】 A。 此处write作不及物动词,表事物的性质,类似词： sell，wash等。第二句用do来代替上句的write well。5. Shall we meet right now?Sorry. Im too busy to _ for the moment.【译文】 我们可以马上见面吗？对不起，此刻我忙得抽不开身。A. get through B. get awayC. get off D. get together【答案及简析】 B。 只要你记住限数描大形,新色国材名这句话,此题就迎刃而解。6. _ is known to all，good friends _ happiness and value to life.【译文】 众所周知，好朋友给说增添快乐和价值。A. It； add B. As； addC. It； add up D. As； add to【答案及简析】 B。 as引导的定语从句修饰整个主句； add to sth.使增加,使增强； add sth to sth. 把加到里边； add up to总计是。因句中已有介词to,所以只能选B。7. Good food，not _，thats how one gets fat.【译文】 食物好，锻炼少，这就是一个人长胖的原因。A. enough exercises B. exercises enough C. enough exercise D. exercise enough【答案及简析】 C。 enough修饰名词时只能放在其修饰的名词前,而修饰形容词时要放在后锻炼之意；用作复数名词时为体操运动。而这里应该是锻炼的意思。面。exercise作不可数名词时为“训练”。8. It was the very place _ the soldiers fought over sixty years ago.【译文】 这就是战士们60多年前战斗过的地方。A. that B. whichC. where D. there【答案及简析】 C。 定语从句。the very place 在从句中充当地点状语。9. -You must be excited about going to Japan for schooling.-_，but Im afraid I cant do well because my Japanese is poor.【译文】 到日本去读书，你一定很激动。喔，我应该激动。但日语不好，我会担心做不好的。A. Never mind B. Well，I ought toC. I dont know yet D. Certainly not【答案及简析】 B。 应为I ought to be excited aboutNever mind用来回答道歉语，Certainly not用来回答别人的请求和询问等。10. The new machine，if _ properly，will work at least ten years.【译文】 如果是用得当，这台新机器会使用10年的。A. use B. using C. being used D. used【答案及简析】 D。 本题考查分词与主语之间的关系。if the new machine is used properly强化练习1.Alloftheflowersnowraisedherehavedevelopedfromthose_intheforest. A. oncetheygrewB.theygrewonce C.theyoncegrewD.oncegrew 2.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm,_manypeoplehavegonehome. A.that B.which C.whosetimeD.bywhichtime 3.Isthisthereason_atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork? A.heexplainedB.whatheexplained C.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained 4.Luckily,wedbroughtaroadmapwithout_wewouldhavelostourway. A.itB.that C.thisD.which 5.Whenhewasworkingtherehecaughtaseriousillnessfrom_effecthestillsuffers. A.whichB.that C.whoseD.what 6.Itssaidthatheslookingforanewjob,_hecangetmoremoneytosupporthisfamily. A.whenB.where C.thatD.which 7.Wearelivinginanage_manythingsaredoneoncomputer. A.whichB.that C.whoseD.when 8.Thelittletimewehavetogetherwelltry_wisely. A.spendingitB.tospendit C.tospendD.spendingthat 9.Theoldbuilding,behind_wasafamouschurch,was_weusedtowork. A.that,theplaceB.it,theplace C.which,whereD.what,where 10.Wewillbeshownaroundthecity:schools,museums,andsomeotherplaces,_othervisitorsseldomgo. A.whatB.which C.whereD.when 11.ThemodernhistoryofItalydatesfrom1860,_thecountrybecameunited. A.whenB.if C.sinceD.until 12.Alloftheflowersnowraisedherehavedevelopedfromthose_intheforest. A.oncetheygrewB.theygrewonce C.thatoncegrewD.oncegrew 13.Youcouldseetherunnersverywellfrom_westood. A.whichB.where C.thatD.when 14.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_wasveryreasonable. A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhich C.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose 15.Whathaveyougot_willhelpacold? A.whatB.that C.itD.who 16.HewasveryangryandIcanstillremembertheway_hespoketome.A.howB.that C.whatD.which 17.Doyouknowthemanfrom_housethepictureswerestolen? A.whichB.that C.whatD.whose 18.Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay. A.whyB.which C.asD.where 19.Isthisallthatyouneed?Ifyoumarriedme,Idgiveyoueverythingyou_. A.wantB.wanted C.hadwantedD.arewanting 20.Imettheteacherinthestreetyesterday_taughtmeEnglishthreeyearsago. A.whichB.when C.whereD.who 21.Hesgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane. A.whereB.which C.whileD.why 22.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience. A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitis C.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis 23.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,_,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy. A.whoB.which C.thisD.what 24.Theirproblemtodayissomewhatsimilarto_theyfacedmanyyearsago. A.thatB.which C.thatwhichD.it 25.Isawsometreestheleavesof_wereblackwithdisease. A.thatB.which C.itD.what 26.Thefamousbasketball player,_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention. A.whereB.when C.whichD.who 27.Whentheywentintotheshopandaskedtolookattheengagementrings,thegirlbroughtoutacheaperone,_shehadarrangedwithJames. A.thewhichwaswhatB.whatwasthat C.whichwaswhatD.thatwasthat 【答案与解析】 1.选C。先行词是those，可视为thoseflowers之省略。theyoncegrew前省略了关系代词which。全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。 2.选D。bywhichtime引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中bywhichtime相当于andbythattime。 3.选A。注意不能选D，因为动词explained缺宾语。 4.选D。which指theroadmap。 5.选C。fromwhoseeffecthestillsuffers为修饰aseriousillness的定语从句，whose在定语从句中用作定语，修饰effect。 6.选B。where引导定语等于from which。注：one在此指anewjob。类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为onethat相当于aproblemthat：Theproblemis_hascausedusalotoftrouble. A.oneB.that C.onethatD.thatone 7.选D。先行词是表时间的age(时代)，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用when。 8.选C。该句的正常词序为Wewilltrytospendthelittletimewehavetogetherwisely. 9.选C。第一空填which，指theoldbuilding；第二空填where，用以引导表语从句。 10.选C。先行词是地点名词places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用where。 11.选A。when引导的是非限制性定语从句。 12.选C。thatoncegrewintheforest为修饰those的定语从句。 13.选B。where在此相当于theplacewhere。 14.选B。thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable为非限制性定语从句，其中的thepriceofwhich相当于anditsprice或andthepriceofit。假若空格前有并列连词and，则可选C。 15.选B。thatwillhelpacold为修饰what的定语从句。比较：Haveyougotanythingthatwillhelpacold?以及Ivegotnothingthatwillhelpacold. 16.选B。theway后不接how引导的从句，换句说，how不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以theway为先行词的定语从句通常用that或inwhich来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略that和inwhich。 17.选D。fromwhosehousethepictureswerestolen为修饰theman的定语从句，whose在定语从句中用作定语，修饰house。 18.选D。先行词是manycases，关系副词where=inwhich。 19.选A。尽管句中用了ifyoumarriedme,Idgiveyoueverything这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything的定语从句(that)youwant却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面Isthisallthatyouneed?这一提问的。 20.选D。因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D。 21.选A。where所引导的为修饰adangeroussituation的定语从句。 22.选A。选项中的Ithink是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。 23.选B。ofcourse为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B。 24.选C。thatwhich相当于theproblemwhich。 25.选B。theleavesofwhich相当于whoseleaves。 26.选D。先行词是Thefamousbasketballer(著名的篮球明星)，故要用who来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。 27.选C。which引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中which指代acheaperone，且在定语从句中用作主语。whichwaswhat中的what引导一个表语从句，它相当于theonethat2014高考英语语法专题复习定语从句特例引导非限制性定语从句，当先行词是一个单词或词组时，我们只用which引导，不用as引导。例如：1、Beijing, which will hold the 2008 Olympic games, is becoming more and more beautiful. 但当代替的是主句的全部内容时，区别如下： 一，As引导的非限制性从句可置于主句之前，之中或之后，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：1，As we know, the earth goes around the sun.2, The earth goes around the sun., as we know.3,The earth, as we know, goes around the sun .4, The earth goes around the sun, which makes us get enough sunlight.二，As引导的从句有“正如 ，正像 ，之意，而which引导的从句则没有此意，因此，当主从句语意一致时，只用as引导,不用which引导。常用句式有：as anybody can see, as we expected, as we know, as is often the case, as we hoped，as often happens 等 例如：1,He is a kind man, as has been said above .2,She has married again, as was expected.3, She has married again, which was unexpected .三，As作从句主语，而且从句为被动语态，此时不用which引导；若从句为主动语态，一般用which引导。例如：1，Their team won the game again , as was reported.2,Tom has made great progress, which delighted us . As作此种用法时，常用的句式有：as is known to us all, as is said above, as is announced,As was reported, as is mentioned above ,as is reported, as is expected, as is discussed 等。四，Which引导的非限制性定语从句指代整个主句内容时，从句的谓语带有宾语，有的还带有宾语补足语。此时Which无词义,只是代表主句的意思,可以译为这件事,这一点;而As可以译为正如。例如下面这些句子中的which就不能替换为as 。1，I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life.2, Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light .3.Tom made rapid progress at school, aswhich pleased his parents a lot .五,As引导的非限制性定语从句常表示主动，而which引导的非限制性定语从句常表示被动。例如：1，He says he has a lot of money, which isnt true .2, He has a lot of money, as he says . 另外as引导限制性定语从句时，主要与the same, such等连用。例如：1，Let children read such books as will make them better and wiser.让孩子们读那些能使 变得更好更聪明的书。2, This is the same book as was bought in the bookstore yesterday.As与such结合引导限制性定语从句时，要注意和suchthat引导的结果状语从句区分开。例如：1，He gets such a good book as we all want to read first.2, He gets such a good book that we all want to read it first .3.Only such things _ can be proved can be regarde as facts . 在第一句中，as作为read的宾语，as引导的是定语从句，而在第二句中，that引导的是结果状语从句，read必须跟it宾语；而在第三句中指代事物的先行词前虽然有only， 但此处only并不是直接修饰things，而且也不是“唯一”的意思。此题考察固定结构suchas，故空格处应该填上as 。作为高中生，掌握了as和which这些基本用法，并加以适当的练习，定能以不变应万变了。