2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解11

2022年考博英语-中央美术学院考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题Her jewelry（ ） under the spotlights and she became the dominant figure at the ball.问题1选项A.glaredB.glitteredC.blazedD.dazzled【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。glare“怒目而视”；glitter“闪光，灿烂”；blaze“燃烧，发光”；dazzle“使目眩，使眼花缭乱”。句意：她的珠宝在聚光灯下闪闪发亮，她成为这个舞会的主要人物。B项符合题意。2. 单选题The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been（ ）only to the very rich.问题1选项A.manageableB.measurableC.acceptableD.affordable【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。manageable“可管理的”；measurable“可衡量的”；acceptable“可接受的”；affordable“可负担得起的”。句意：技术的进步让中产阶级也能够享受原本只有富人能够供应得起的东西。D项符合题意。3. 单选题Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand, he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him.What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose(静止).Their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sight. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.If one painter chooses to paint an injured leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing something, all of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.1.Without the artists work, the public might not（ ）.2.An artists choice of shapes and colors indicates that he believes them to be（ ）.3.Contemporary artists often think their choice of subject（ ）.4.The writer says that contemporary art contains（ ） .5.Compared with a painter of unpleasant subjects a painter who draws a lake in moonlight is（ ） .问题1选项A.notice particular shapes or colorsB.see the shapes and colors that express his experienceC.feel his delight in shapes and colorsD.all of the above问题2选项A.calmB.worth looking atC.delightfulD.moving问题3选项A.carries no message to the publicB.provides an interesting angleC.has no pattern or formD.teaches the public important truths问题4选项A.nothing meaningfulB.uninteresting aspects of the worldC.subjects chosen partly for their meaningD.completely meaningless subjects问题5选项A.conveying more meaningB.pointing to something differentC.more skilledD.communicating less【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。根据第二段最后一句“Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. 如果没有他们的作品，我们就不会注意到这些特殊的形状和颜色，也不会体会到他们给艺术家带来的快乐。”以及第二段前面也提及，画家把他们的经验转化成形状和颜色，由此可知，选项A、B、C均正确。所以本题选D。2.细节事实题。根据第三段第二句“Their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sight. 他们的选择表明世界的这些方面是值得一看的，它们包含着美丽的风景。”选项B符合原文。3.细节事实题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. 当代艺术家可能会说，他们只是选择了能提供一种有趣模式的主题，而没有更多的内容。”选项B符合原文。4.判断推理题。根据第三段最后一句“Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. 然而，即使是他们也不会完全不参照他们主题的特点而做出选择。”由此可推断，作者认为当代艺术的主题选择部分是为了它们的意义。选项C符合原文。5.判断推理题。根据原文最后一个自然段的内容“如果一个画家选择画一条受伤的腿，另一个选择画月光下的湖，每一个画家都在把我们的注意力引向世界的某个方面。每个画家都在告诉我们一些东西，向我们展示一些东西，强调一些东西，所有这一切都意味着，有意识或无意识地，他在试图教我们一些东西。”也就是说，不同的画家画出不同的东西，他们所表达的意义也是不同的，所以选项B正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:4. 单选题Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they（ ） radiation better.问题1选项A.stand up toB.stand in forC.stand up forD.stand in with【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项stand up to“经得起，抵抗”；B选项stand in for“代替”；C选项stand up for“支持，拥护”；D选项stand in with“与.联合，同.分担”。句意：在太空中，女性比男性有明显的优势，因为她们需要的食物和氧气更少，而且她们能更好地抵抗辐射。选项A符合语境。5. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.Warning and other signs blamed for two million accidentsNearly two million drivers in the UK have had accidents due to “Baby On Board” signs and childrens toys that obscure their view, according to alarming new research.One in 20 motorists says stickers and playtime paraphernalia are to blame for a collision-equivalent to 1. 85 million of Britains 37 million drivers.1.The revelation triggered a warning by road safety charity Brake to cut down on clutter in the car.Deputy chief executive Julie Townsend said “Baby On Board” signs are useful in alerting the emergency services that a child may be involved in the event of a crash.“This help can become a hindrance if drivers display signs when their child isnt in the vehicle，” she said.2. “Worse still is the danger that can be posed by drivers blocking out their view by staining windows with lots of sign.”“Drivers1 priority should always be getting there safely without putting themselves, young passengers or other road users at risk.”3.A survey commissioned by price comparison website C found that 37 percent of parents have displayed signs and four out of five of them believe they improve safety4.But 46 per cent admit doing so at all timesregardless of whether or not their child is in the car and 15 per cent confess they only have them for their novelty value.The poll of 2, 000 drivers also found that 46 percent of drivers regard them as a hazard and 33 percent say they are tacky.“There are benefits and dangers to “Baby on Board” signs. 5.They can offer useful information for nurses in the case of a crash but having too many novelty items displayed could be a safety issue,” said a Confused, com spokesman.【答案】1.因此，道路交通安全慈善机构Brake提醒大家清理车辆的相关物品。2.“更糟的是，如果车主在车窗上散乱地贴了很多车贴，会妨碍视线，造成危险。”3.比价网站C开展的一项调查发现，37%的父母使用了车贴，其中4/5相信这能使行驶更安全。4.但有46%的受访者承认，不管孩子在没在车里，他们都会使用车贴，还有15%承认自己这样做只是因为新奇有趣。5.在遇到交通事故时，这种车贴可以为医护人员提供有用的信息，但如果车上贴了太多花里胡哨的车贴，就会造成安全隐患了。”6. 单选题Many people are asking whether traditional research universities in fact have any future（ ）.问题1选项A.at allB.so farC.in allD.on end【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。at all“根本，究竟”；so far“到目前为止”；in all“总共，合计”；on end“竖着，连续着”。句意：许多人在询问，传统的研究型大学实际上到底还有没有前途。A项符合题意。7. 单选题He was so poor that he had（ ） than one hundred dollars.问题1选项A.no lessB.not lessC.no moreD.not more【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。no more than意为“至多，仅仅”。句意“他穷到仅仅只有一百美元。”选项C符合句意。8. 单选题I bought an alarm clock with a(n)（ ） dial, which can be seen clearly in the dark.问题1选项A.supersonicB.luminousC.audibleD.amplified【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。supersonic“超音速的，超音波的”；luminous“发光的，明亮的”；audible“听得见的”；amplified“放大的，扩充的”。句意：我买了一个带有发光钟面的闹钟，这样在黑暗中也能看清时间了。由后半句句意可知B项符合题意。9. 单选题The soldier was（ ） of running away when the enemy attacked.问题1选项A.scoldedB.chargedC.accusedD.punished【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。be scolded for因而被训斥；be charged with“被指控犯罪的”；be accused of“被指控”；be published for“因而受惩罚”。句意：在敌人攻击时，这位士兵被指控逃跑了。C项符合题意。10. 单选题I have devoted four weekends to writing papers and now I feel I（ ） a rest.问题1选项A.deserveB.preserveC.conceiveD.receive【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。deserve“应受，应得，值得”；preserve“保存，保护”；conceive“怀孕，构思”；receive“接受”。句意：我花了四周时间写论文，现在我觉得我值得休息一下了。A项符合题意。11. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following five underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.You cannot find or will you ever find gold on the surface. It has to be discovered and has to be found deep inside the Earths ground. 1.And it takes years to find the gold and this is why it is so valuable. Not everyone has it.Character is the same. You will not find character on the surface. You can only find character deep inside your soul. 2.And your character is only discovered when there is chaos. Your character is never tested when things are going your way.3.You have to dig deep inside of you to find the character and when you do that you will discover the true gold.You consistently remember on how you treat others. Are you kind or unkind? Do you have manners? Are you respectful? These are questions we ask each other.4.This is why your character is your gold mine. You must guard your character just like you would guard your gold. Do not let anyone take it or destroy it.5.People will test you in life and events in life will shake you. However, when this happens please look deep inside and find your character because your character will help you succeed any event.Your character is your gold.【答案】1.这个过程很费时间，所以黄金才那么珍贵，不是每个人都能够拥有。2.只有混乱发生的时候你才会发现它，只有在事情不顺心的时候你的品质才会得到考验3.向自我的深处挖掘，寻找你的品质，这样你就会发现真正的黄金。4.这就是为什么说你的品质是你的金矿。你一定要守护你的品质，就像你会守护自己的黄金一样。5.在生活中，有的人会考验你，有的事情会使你动摇。12. 单选题As one of the worlds highest paid models, she had her face（ ）for five million dollars.问题1选项A.depositedB.assuredC.measuredD.insured【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。deposit“存放，使沉积”；assure“保证”；measure“测量，估量”；insure“确保，保证，给保险”。句意；作为世界上收入最高的模特之一，她给她的脸投了五百万的保险。D项符合题意。13. 单选题I（ ）that he was a little crippled in the leg so I slowed down my pace.问题1选项A.perceivedB.deceivedC.conceivedD.received【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项perceive“察觉，感知”；B选项deceive“欺骗”；C选项conceive“设想，构思，认为”；D选项receive“接收”。根据句意“我察觉到他的腿有点跛，所以我放慢了脚步。”选项A符合句意。14. 单选题The London Marathon is a difficult race.（ ）, thousands of runners participate every year.问题1选项A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.AccordinglyD.Nevertheless【答案】D【解析】考查连词辨析。therefore“因此”；furthermore“而且”；accordingly“相应地”；nevertheless“不过，然而”。句意：伦敦马拉松是一个很难的比赛。但是，每年都有成千上万的跑步者参赛。由前后句意可判断这两句是转折关系，故D项正确。15. 单选题The twentieth century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural（ ）.问题1选项A.traditionB.transportationC.transmissionD.transformation【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。tradition“传统，惯例”；transportation“运输，运输系统”；transmission“传动装置”；transformation“转化，转换，改革”。句意：20世纪见证了世界范围内政治、经济和文化的变革。D项符合题意。16. 单选题It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldnt（ ） all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.问题1选项A.live up toB.make outC.live throughD.make up for【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。live up to“践行”；make out“理解，辨认出”；live through“度过，经受过”；make up for“弥补”。句意：Anne突然明白金钱不能弥补Bob在过去五年里的遭遇。D项符合题意。17. 单选题Esther wanted to go to Philadelphia by herself, but her parents would not give their（ ） .问题1选项A.contestB.consentC.convenienceD.control【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项contest“比赛，争论”；B选项consent“同意，准许”；C选项convenience“便利”；D选项control“控制，管理”。根据句意“Esther想自己去费城，但她的父母不同意”。选项B符合句意。18. 单选题Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in certain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from display advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”，“Real Estate” “Lost and Found” are made, the rate charged being less than for display advertising. Classified advertisements are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the advertiser.The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertisement finds all advertisements of that type grouped for him. The advertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement if it were placed among larger advertisements in the paper. It is evident that the reader approaches the classified advertisement in a different frame of mind from that in which he approaches the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the readers attention. Formerly all classified advertisements were of the same size and did not have display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the readers attention. In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertising.1.All of the following facts are advantages of classified advertisement for advertisers EXCEPT that（ ）.2.One of the examples given about types of classified advertisement is（ ）.3.What sort of attitude do people have when they look at classified advertisement, according to the writer?4.According to the passage, in which way have the classified advertisements changed nowadays?5.Why have classified advertisements changed in appearance?问题1选项A.classified advertisement charges less moneyB.it is easier to attract the attention of the target consumersC.it provides more information for the readersD.it does not have to rely too much on display type问题2选项A.houses for saleB.people who are asking for helpC.people who are lostD.job vacancies问题3选项A.They are in the frame of mind to buy anythingB.They are looking for something they needC.They feel lost because there are so many advertisementsD.They feel the same as when they look at display advertisements问题4选项A.They depend more on display type.B.More money is charged for them.C.They are divided into more groups.D.They are less formal.问题5选项A.Because people no longer want headlines and pictures.B.Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C.Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be small now.D.Because there are more advertisements now and more competition among advertisers.【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“the rate charged being less than for display advertising. 收费低于展示广告。”和第二段“As his attention is voluntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent on display type to get the readers attention由于读者的注意力是自愿的，因此不需要过分依赖展示类型来吸引读者的注意力。”可知ABD项文中都有提及，故答案C。2.细节事实题。由第一段“Such groupings as “Help Wanted”，“Real Estate” “Lost and Found” are made诸如“招聘”、“房地产”、“失物招领”等。”可知Real Estate对应A项，故答案选A。3.细节事实题。由第二段“He turns to a page of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. 他翻开一页分类广告，寻找能满足他需要的特定广告。”可知B项正确。4.细节事实题。由第二段“In many cases, the result has been an increase in the size of the space used and the addition of headlines and pictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. 在许多情况下，其结果是增加了使用空间的大小，增加了标题和图片。这样，分类广告就有了现实广告。”可知分类广告更依赖展现形式。A项正确。5.细节事实题。由第二段“With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the readers attention. 然而，随着此类广告数量的增加，同一群体中的每一个广告客户都在与同一群体中的其他客户竞争以吸引读者的注意力。”可知由于竞争加大导致分类广告发生了变化。故D项正确。第2题:第3题:第4题:第5题:19. 单选题The Prime Minister was followed by five or six（ ） when he got off the plane.问题1选项A.laymenB.servantsC.directorD.attendants【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。laymen“非专业人员”；servant“仆人，佣人”；director“主任，主管”；attendant“服务员，侍者”。句意：首相下飞机后，五六个仆人跟随。B项符合题意。20. 单选题The worker invented a(n)（ ） for catching flies.问题1选项A.equipmentB.toolC.deviceD.apparatus【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项equipment“设备，器材”，多指重型设备，如体育器材；B选项tool“工具”，一般指手工工具；C选项device“装置”，多指为某一特殊用途而设计的精巧仪器；D选项apparatus“仪器”，一般指由多种零件组成的复杂仪器。句意：工人发明了一种工具来捕捉苍蝇。捕捉苍蝇不需要精密的或重型的设备，所以只有选项B正确。