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重难点20 书面表达图表类【命题趋势】图表作文是中考英语写作中较为常见的题型之一，也是难度较大的一种写作题型。这类作文可综合提供题目、数据、图像、提纲形式多样，但实际上只涉及5个方面描述图表、指明寓意、分析原因、联系实际、给出建议而每次考试只是这5个方面的内容中选出3个进行考查。从写作关型来看，基本上属于说明文。要求考生围绕题目将有关信息转化为文字形式，考生应该具有一定的数据分析和材料归纳能力，同时会运用一定的写作方法。【满分技巧】认真审题。审好题是写好书面表达的关键。审题时要注意试题的要求，抓住要点，词数符合要求。构思提纲。有了提纲，我们就可以根据提纲和主题确定相关 写作材料。通常书面表达给出的话题是开放的，而具体的内容要求学生自己发挥，因此选择恰当的素材也是使短文中心突出、明确的关键。初写短文。一切都准备就绪，就可以动笔写作了，在写作的过程中我们要注意句子的准确性、连贯性以及简洁性。使用的词语、短语及句型尽量用自己有把握的词。同时还要注意使用恰当的连词，使句子衔接自然。修改润色。修改润色是获取高分的必要步骤。这一步我们除了检查短文的各种错误外，还要检查语法结构是否合理，有无重复、啰嗦的语言，大小写是否正确，格式是否正确，词数是否符合要求等。【热点话题】 阅读、英语学习、活动介绍等说明类的书面表达。【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）A【2019 山西省】阅读是同学们未来参与社会应具备的关键能力，无论你喜欢哪种阅读方式，它都能让你增长知识，开阔眼界。最近，某出版社在两万人中，针对人们喜欢的阅读方式做了一项调查，下图是相关的统计结果，其中包括电子阅读和纸质阅读的人数。请你用两段话写一篇短文，第一段用百分比简要说明图表内容，第二段从图表中选出一项你喜欢的阅读方式，结合自己的经历，谈谈这种阅读方式的好处。要求：1. 词数不少于 80 词；2. 首句已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇仅供参考；3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。 WORD BANK reading on mobile phones others books reading paper_【写作思路】这篇作文要求我们对一个人们喜欢的阅读方式的调查结果进行介绍，并结合实际，谈一谈自己喜欢的阅读方式。审题可知，短文应主要包括两部分内容：首先仔细观察图表，用百分比简要说明图表内容；然后选择其中一项你喜欢的阅读方式，结合自己的经历，谈一谈这种阅读方式的好处。短文应以一般现在时为主，根据表达需要选择适当的人称，第二部分内容应以第一人称为主叙述。写作时应注意：文章应包括题目中的所有内容，尤其注意仔细观察图表，将图表中的信息表达清楚、准确。其次应注意英语表达习惯和汉语的不同，不能根据汉语思维逐词翻译。应从句子的整体结构考虑，选择适当的句型、短语和词汇，语句通顺，表达清楚。句式结构可以简单句为基础，穿插并列句和复合句，以及其他复杂结构，提升文章档次。同时注意语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使上下文意连贯、自然。【参考范文】Recently, a survey was done among 20,000 people about the ways of reading. Here is what we have learned from it. 60% of the people like to read on mobile phones or e-readers, while only 38.4% choose to read paper books. So we can know that more and more people prefer to read e-books rather than paper books. However, whatever way of reading we choose, it can help increase our knowledge and open our eyes.As for me, I am still used to reading paper books. Whenever I open a paper book, the smell of paper reminds me of the stories in the books from my mom when I was a little kid. Just because of this, I got into the habit of reading. So when I read paper books now, they always bring me the old feelings. On the other hand, compared with the electronic devices, reading paper books is good for eyes. So you see, I believe e-books wont take the place of paper books in my heart.B【2019 重庆市B卷】假如你参加了学校组织的“走近乡村”寒假社会实践活动。请根据要求，向某英语网站投稿，分享活动经历。要求：1.80120词，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。参考信息：Have you ever got close to the countryside and had a special experience? Let me share mine! _【写作思路】本文属于一篇图表作文，根据表格提供的信息来介绍“走近乡村”寒假社会实践活动的经历。人称为第一人称，时态主要为一般过去时。动笔前先要注意认真阅读材料确定写作内容；文章必须包括要点中所给的信息，既要写活动的过程，又要总结活动感受与收获。并补充两条个人的观点。表达要符合英语习惯，注意时态、时间状语的搭配及主谓一致问题。写作中适当使用连词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，表达具有条理性。多种句式交叉使用来丰富文章的文采。高分句型：1.We experienced the life in the countryside, learned something that we couldnt get from books before. 我们经历了农村的生活，学到了一些我们以前从书中得不到的东西。that we couldnt get from books before.是定语从句，修饰不定代词something。2. We really hope well have another activity like that this winter vacation! 我们真的希望今年寒假还能有这样的活动！hope后面是省略that的宾语从句。【参考范文】Have you ever got close to the countryside and had a special experience? Let me share mine.During the winter vacation my classmates and I joined in the school activity “Get close to the countryside”. We live in the famers homes. Their great living conditions surprised us a lot. Do you know where vegetables come from? We got the answer when working with the farmers. Besides, we learned about other plants and some farm animals. How interesting!We experienced the life in the countryside, learned something that we couldnt get from books before, and felt the wonderful changes of the countryside. We realized how hard the farmers worked and decided to save food. We were happy to see the farmers life was getting better and better. We really hope well have another activity like that this winter vacation!C【2019 山东省潍坊市】请根据上文内容和下列问题提示进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。注意：1.续写故事的词数为80左右； 2. 展开合理想象，适当发挥，以使行文连贯； 3. 可根据需要自主选用以下参考词汇： Call the police dangerous escape catch robber (强盗)_【写作思路】这是一篇根据短文内容和图表提示，要求续写一个完整的故事。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用第三人称，一般过去时态，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。【参考范文】A“A knife ! My God ! He was really dangerous .It was wise to drive him off my car .” Andrea thought .Then she breathed deeply and called the police to tell them what had happened .A moment later , the police came to her .Andrea pointed to the direction the “old lady” might be in .Then the police drove along the road to look for “her” . How amazing ! The police were surprised to see that the “old lady” was still standing by the road .The police stopped and said , “Hello ,madam .Wed like to take you to Brockboune ,Get in ,please .” BHow dangerous! What should I do? Andrea said to herself He must be a thief or robber .” As soon as she realized this, Andrea drove to the nearest police station and told the police what had happened ,then she left .When Andrea got home, she told her parents all about the old lady. After hearing the story, her parents hugged her tightly and said ,”What a lucky girl ! You are brave and smart enough to protect yourself .We are proud of you!” An hour later, the police phoned her that they had caught the man-a real robber.D【2019 浙江省湖州市】5月18日是国际博物馆日，下图是你班同学参观博物馆的情况。请你结合调查结果、自己的参观经历和感受，写一份报告，并在英语课上汇报。注意：1. 词数：80-100 (短文首句已给出，不计入总词数)； 2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。_【写作思路】这是一篇图表，是同学参观博物馆的情况，结合调查结果、自己的参观经历和感受，写一份报告，并在英语课上汇报。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料注意人称和时态的不同，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。【参考范文】Visiting museums has become one of the most popular ways for us students to spend our spare time. According to the survey made in our class, almost all the students have been to museums, such as science museums, tea museums and film museums, etc.Among them, the science museum is our favorite.Ive been to Huzhou Science Museum and Lu Yu Tea Museum. I like the tea museum very much, because I can learn about the histor and development of tea and watch the tea art performances there as well. What Im interested in most is the show of beautiful tea sets, which has left a deep impression on me.Museums make it possible for us students to learn knowledge and experience cultures at the same time. Why not visit more?E【2019 山东省济宁市】假如你是Wang Hong, 你的美国笔友Kevin下学期将作为名交换生来你们学校。下面是他发给你的一封e-mail.请根据邮件内容给予恰当的回复。注意:1.文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息.2.100词左右(开头,结尾已给出,不计人总词数)。Dear Wang Hong,How are you doing?You might not believe it, but Im going to your school as one of five exchange students next term. And Im so excited! However, Im worried about communicating with the teachers and students. As you know, I can speak only a little Chinese. What should I do? Besides, I want to learn to play pin-pong. Can you find a good player to help me? If you can, tell me something about him or her.Looking forward to your reply Best wishes! Yours,Kevin参考词语talk in English, help sb. with, be friendly and helpful, practice. with, play well, win a good prize._【写作思路】这是一篇图表，要求介绍自己。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料注意不同的时态和人称，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。【参考范文】Dear KevinIm glad to hear from you. You said you were worried about communicating with the teachers and students because you could speak only a little Chinese. You dont be worried about it. You can talk with them in English. They can also help you with Chinese. They are very friendly and helpful. You also said you wanted to learn to play ping-pong. You can practice it with Li Lei. He is my best friend. He plays it very well. He won a good prize last week. He is ready to do others. With his help, you will be good at it.Welcome to our school.Best wishes.YoursWang Hong8
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