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第1页/共57页Old words or expressionsNew words or expressionsbignot covered lively grow beyondtimestime of difficultyshutsudden wish to do sth.disputeappearbecome shorter or smallerstatuegive a signalprobableauthoritativenoisy confusionweakspaciousbarespiritedoutgroweracrisisslamimpulseargumentemergecontractimagemotionlikelycommandingcommotionfaint第2页/共57页bare:1. adj. 1) not covered; with no plants growing on it 不铺地毯的；赤裸的；光秃的bare feet a bare head a bare floor 赤脚光头 光地板 如果我记得不错的话， 在你家乡附近有座光秃秃的小山。If my memory serves me, there was a bare hill near your hometown.2) no more than; mere 刚刚够的，勉强的His income can only buy the bare necessities of life.nNote: barely adv. 仅仅，只不过，几乎不2. v. reveal 露出，暴露e.g. The lady screamed as the snake bared its teeth. 露出了牙齿第3页/共57页empty: a. 空的，未装东西的；空虚的, 无意义的, 无目的.vacant: a. 空的，空缺的 (指无人占用)hollow: a. 空心的，中间空的blank: a. 空白的，无字的，茫然的bare & empty empty a. 1) have nothing or nobody in or inside My mind seems completely empty of ideas. (be empty of something) 2) without sense or purposeempty words/ talk/ dreams/ promise第4页/共57页react: vi. act or behave in a particular way in answer.作出反应，反应 Eg: The firm reacted to the workers complaints by dismissing the manager. 公司对工人投诉的反应是解雇了这个经理 Collocation:react to 对反应react on / upon = have an effect on 对有影响, 起作用react against 反抗，反对 她以离家出走来反抗婚姻.She reacted against her marriage by running away. reaction: n.反应 Eg: -What was his reaction to the news? - His reaction to the news was unhappiness. 第5页/共57页crisis: n. (pl. crises) time of difficulty, danger, etc. 危机, 危急关头 economic crisisenergy crisis经济危机能源危机In times of crisis its good to have a friend to turn to. come to a crisisface a crisispass a crisisat a crisisEg: Many American people lost their jobs in the economic crisis of 1929.陷入危机面临危局渡过危机, 脱离危险期 在紧急关头He has reached the crisis in his illness. 他的病情已经到了危急关头危难时好在有朋友可以投奔。 第6页/共57页contract: vi. -n. contraction1). make or become smaller or shorter 收缩，缩小，缩短Metal contracts as it cools.金属遇冷收缩。3). settle or arrange by formal arrangement 订（契约） Note: shrink v. 缩小；缩短；尤指布的缩水My shirt has shrunk so much after washing that I cant wear it any more. 2). make or become tighter or narrower 缩紧；缩窄Her stomach contracted at the sight of a dead rat. contract: n.合约，合同，契约draw up a contractsign a contract break the contract草拟合同签订合同撕毁合同第7页/共57页motion： 1. v. give a signal by moving the hand or head; signal to sb. 打手势；点（或摇）头示意He motioned me to sit down while talking into the phone.Note: motion to sb. motion sb. to do sth.2. n. 1) signal by hand or head 手势，眼色，动作He made a motion with his hand to make me sit down.make a motion: 打手势；提议2) moving（物体的）运动Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.Note: motion picture: 电影 be in motion: 在运转之中3) proposal to be discussed and voted on at a meeting 提议，动议第8页/共57页On the motion of Mr. Howard, a purchasing committee was set up.Note: on the motion of sb. : 经的提议CF:motion, move & movement这些名词都有“运动”之意。motion 指不处于静止状态而在移动的过程中，强调运动 本身，而不涉及其动因。move 着重开始的行动或变化。movement 通常抽象地指有规则的动作或定向运动，特指 政治性的运动第9页/共57页Likely: (adj.) probable 可能的，有希望的It is likely to rain.nIt is likely that they will lose the election.Pattern: be likely to do sth. It is likely that (adv.) probably 可能地 (多与most, very连用)他们很有可能坐汽车来They will very likely come by car.Note: unlikely a. & adv. （反义词） likelihood n. 可能性Not likely!= Certainly not! 决不可能！第10页/共57页impulse: (n.) sudden wish to do sth. 冲动，一时的念头Collocation:a man of impulseact on impulsefeel an impulse to do sth.易冲动的人一时冲动，一时心血来潮有做某事的冲动Dont act on impulse. You will regret it later.第11页/共57页emerge: vi. come or appear (from somewhere) 出现，浮现；(问题等)发生，(事实等)暴露太阳从云层后面露出来。The sun emerged from behind the clouds.If the economy goes on like this, another crisis will emerge soon.emerge & appear 这两个动词均有“出现”之意。emerge 强调缓缓出现的过程。appear 强调公开露面，被看见。第12页/共57页1. Who do you think are braver, women or men? (Please give an example to support your statement.)2. Do you think women can do everything men can? 3. Do you believe that women can face a crisis with great self-control?Prejudice Against Women 第13页/共57页 Prejudice Against Women Women have been prejudiced against for centuries perhaps ever since life on earth. They have long been referred to as “weaker sex”, considered naturally weaker than men, unable to perform the work that requires muscles or pluck the courage to face up to any crisis. As we know, Plato(柏拉图), Aristotle, Shakespeare, and Confucius all made negative remarks about women. And even today, such a prejudice has not entirely been eliminated and the argument in the text shows how hard long-standing prejudices die.The story begins- 第14页/共57页第15页/共57页Contents Pre-activities: background information (India, Cobra ) Fast Reading: Comprehension of the Text (Ex.II) Careful Reading: Text Explanation ( ) Post-activities: Related Exercises and Homework第16页/共57页Background info - India India used to be a British colony. It is divided into 26 states and 7 union territories. New Delhi is the countrys capital and one of its largest cities. There lived many British officers and their families. On one hand, they were familiar with their living environment already. On the other hand, they still led a British social life - parties, social activities were never ignored.The Taj Mahal 第17页/共57页Background info - cobraCobras, found in some parts of Africa and Asia, are poisonous snakes. Most cobras bite their victims and their bite may cause death within a few hours.第18页/共57页II. Comprehension of the Text (P6)1.c2.b3.a4.a5.c6.a7.c8.c第19页/共57页1. I first heard this tale in India, where it is told as if true though any naturalist would know it couldnt be. Later someone told me that the story appeared in a magazine shortly before the First World War. That magazine story, and the person who wrote it, I have never been able to track down.The Dinner Party Mona Gardne 2. The country is India. A colonial official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. They are seated with their guests officers and their wives, and a visiting American naturalist in their spacious dining room, which has a bare marble floor, open rafters and wide glass doors opening onto a veranda.A heated discussion about whether men are braver than women is settled in a rather unexpected way.Q: When & where was the dinner party?激烈争论出人意料的方式be seated: sit down 坐下来访的美国博物学家第20页/共57页When & where? Time: shortly before WWI Place: India - a colonial officials home What was the dinning room like?spacious bare marble flooropen rafterswide glass doors opening onto a veranda第21页/共57页shortly (after/before): 不久后/ 不久前Eg : He died shortly after the car crash. He sent me his address in Boston shortly before I left for the US.第22页/共57页track down: find (somebody/something) by hunting or searching 追捕到；追查到Eg: She spent two weeks in the library tracking down reference information in almost all the books on the subject.警察需要你来帮助追捕杀人犯。The police need your help to track down the murderer.第23页/共57页I first heard this tale in India, where it is told as if true though any naturalist would know it couldnt be.在此句中，where it is told as if true 是由关系副词where引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰India; it couldnt be 中的could为情态动词，表示已较有把握的推测，具有一定的肯定性；as if true是一个省略的方式状语从句，在表示时间、地点、条件、方式、让步等的状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句的主语可以省略，如果从句的主语是it，谓语动词是be, 则it be可以省略。 当我第一次听到这个故事是在印度，那儿的人至今讲起它来仍像确有其事似的 尽管任何一个博物学家都知道这是不可能的。 第24页/共57页3. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they havent. 4. “A womans reaction in any crisis,” the major says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts.” 5. The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boys eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room. Q: What happened at the dinner party?第25页/共57页spring up: begin suddenly, increase or grow quickly and as if from nowhere 突然开始；迅速生长Eg: It was rather warm all day. But towards evening a cold wind sprang up. 一整天都很暖和, 但傍晚时分，刮起了一阵冷风. A strange idea sprang up in her mind. 第26页/共57页outgrow: vt. 1) grow more thanHe has outgrown his elder brother.他长得比他哥哥还高。2) grow too large for 长大得使不再适用The boy has outgrown this suit.3) lose or discard in the course of maturation 成长得不再要她长大成熟后不再拥有年轻时代的幻想。She outgrew her youthful idealism.第27页/共57页jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse这是一个由定语从句 (the era) when they would jump on a chair at the sight of a mouse变化而来的复合形容词。更多的例子如下：a not-so-easy-to-operate machinean always-say-no-to-anybody-girlat (the) sight of: on seeing 一看见Eg: I always faint at the sight of blood.nNote: at the thought of; n at the sound of;n at the mention of;n at the touch of;第28页/共57页A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they havent. 席间，一位年轻的女士与一位少校展开了激烈的讨论。年轻的女士认为，妇女已经有所进步，不再像过去那样一见到老鼠就吓得跳到椅子上；少校则不以为然。第29页/共57页feel like: have a liking for, wish for; want (something to do something)What lovely weather! I do feel like a swim.nHe is so sick today that he does not feel like having anything to eat.Note: feel like+ n./ doing something 第30页/共57页count: (vi.) be of value or importance 重要，有价值他说: 一遇到危急情况, 女人的反应便是尖叫. 而男人虽然也可能想叫, 但比起女人来, 自制力却略胜一筹. 这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西.4. “A womans reaction in any crisis,” the major says, “is to scream. And while a man may feel like it, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. And that last ounce is what really counts.” At the moment, every minute counts.第31页/共57页argument: n. 1) discussion by persons who disagree; dispute 争论；辩论Eg: They spent hours in argument about / over the plan. 2) reason given to support or disapprove something 理由，论据Eg: There are many arguments against smoking. 第32页/共57页She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly.This is an absolute construction（独立主格结构） used as an adverbial of behavior or way. Instead of v-ing form we can also use v-ed form, adjective, adverbial, prepositional phrase, or even infinitive in this structure.More examples:He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.The girl entered the classroom, her nose red with cold.第33页/共57页 What do you think are the differences between men and women? 第34页/共57页- Men grasp a situation as a whole and think globally, while women think locally, relying on details and nuances(微妙之处).- Men are builders and creators. They take risks and experiment, while women select the most valuable knowledge and pass it over to the next generation.- Men are more independent in their thoughts and actions, while women are more willing to follow the ideas suggested by others. - Womens self-appraisal is lower than that of men. Women tend to criticize themselves, while men are more satisfied with their own performance.- Men and women have different sources of satisfaction. For men its career and prosperity, while women value family and kids. - Men have a pronounced need to fulfill their goals, and women rank relationships with others first.Men VS Women第35页/共57页a heated discussionin an unexpected waygive a large dinner partytrack downbe seateda spacious dining roomat the sight ofwhat really countsUseful Expressions of Paras.1-6 1.1.激烈争论2.2.出人意料的方式3.3.举行盛大晚宴4.4.追捕 / / 查到5.5.坐下6.6.宽敞的餐厅7.7.一看见8.8.真正重要的是9.9.参加争论10.10.两眼盯着正前方join in an argumentstare straight ahead第36页/共57页6. Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors.7. The American comes to with a start. In India, milk in a bowl means only one thing bait for a snake. He realizes there must be a cobra in the room. He looks up at the rafters the likeliest place but they are bare. Three corners of the room are empty, and in the fourth the servants are waiting to serve the next course. There is only one place left under the table.8. His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone.9. “I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred thats five minutes and not one of you is to move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50 rupees. Ready!” 最有可能的地方上下一道菜第37页/共57页Of the guests, none except the American notices this or sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the open doors.在座的客人中除了那个美国人以外谁也没有注意到这一幕，也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。Can we use “and” to replace the word “or” in this sentence?No. Because according to the grammar you must use “or” instead of “and” after a negative word such as “none” and “not”.Eg: I do not like coffee or tea. Translate this sentence into Chinese.第38页/共57页comes to: be aware of; return to consciousness 苏醒When he came to, he found himself in a hospital. nNote: come to: amount to 总计，达到come to a conclusion / decision:come to no good end:When it comes to+ n./ doing something :得出结论没有好下场谈到，说到 comes to with a start突然醒悟第39页/共57页warn: vt. 1)give notice of possible danger to;警告；告诫 2)inform in advance of what may happen 预先通知Pattern: warn somebody of warn somebody that warn somebody not to do somethingEg: We had warned him of the danger but he turned a deaf ear to our warning.孩子们被告诫不要给陌生人开门nThe children were warned not to open the door to a stranger.第40页/共57页frighten sb. into doing sth.: cause sb. to do sth. by frightening him使某人吓得做某事Eg: They tried every possible means to frighten the old man into signing the paper. (force, talk, shock, persuade, trick etc. 有同样用法)Exercise VI-2 P13Pattern:frighten sb. into (doing) sth. frighten sb. out of doing sth. be frightened offrighten away / offbe frightened to death使某人吓得做某事使某人吓得不做某事害怕, 对感到恐惧吓跑, 吓走吓死了第41页/共57页他首先想到的便是往后一跳，并警告其他的人，但是他知道这样会引起骚动, 致使眼镜蛇受惊吓咬人。 于是他很快讲了一通话, 其语气非常威严, 竟使所有的人都安静了下来.His first impulse is to jump back and warn the others, but he knows the commotion would frighten the cobra into striking. He speaks quickly, the tone of his voice so commanding that it silences everyone.第42页/共57页1. They frightened the child into telling the truth.2. He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was a millionaire.3. My tactless words forced the old gentleman into buying something he could not possibly afford.4. He finally talked me into accepting his terms.5. The girl persuaded her farther into giving up smoking.6. Their severe criticism shocked her into realizing her selfishness.第43页/共57页be+ to:is often used to talk about planned arrangements or to indicate duty, necessity, etc.Exercise VI-3 P142. An investigation is to be made next week.3. I am to meet them at the airport.5. The medicine is to be taken three times a day after meals. 第44页/共57页10. The 20 people sit like stone images while he counts. He is saying “. two hundred and eighty” when, out of the corner of his eye, he sees the cobra emerge and make for the bowl of milk. Screams ring out as he jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut. 11. “You were right, Major!” the host exclaims. “A man has just shown us an example of perfect self-control.”12. “Just a minute,” the American says, turning to his hostess. “Mrs. Wynnes, how did you know that cobra was in the room?”13. A faint smile lights up the womans face as she replies: “Because it was crawling across my foot.” 像石雕一样端坐着突然响起镇定自若的典范Q: How did the hostess know that a cobra was in the room?Discussion: Who are braver, men or women?第45页/共57页Proverbs and Quotations 1. Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue.勇敢和坚定是美德的精神和灵魂。2. Cowards die many times before their deaths.懦夫常丧命。3. Brave actions never want a trumpet. 勇敢的行为不需要吹号。4. There is no medicine for fear.胆小无药可治。5. If you dont enter a tigers den, you cant get his cubs.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。第46页/共57页make for: 1) move (esp. quickly) towards 走向Eg: When the class was over, everyone made for the dining-room. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man _ the exit as quickly as possible.a. made up for b. made outc. made for d. made upAnswer: c.make up for: 弥补，偿还make out: 书写, 列出；勉强认出make up: 虚构；组成；化妆第47页/共57页faint: weak or slight 微弱的；不明显的；模糊的，不清楚的Eg: I suddenly felt faint. 我突然觉得头晕。 He called for help in a faint voice.light up: cause to be bright with light or colour; give light to 照亮，变亮Eg: The candles on the Christmas tree lit up the room.Her face lighted / lit up when she heard the good news. a faint smile lights up ones face: 脸上露出一丝淡淡的微笑第48页/共57页Because it was crawling across my foot.What can we learn from this sentence?The hostess is calmer than the American. Thats to say, sometimes women are calmer than men.第49页/共57页1.bare 2. empty 3. empty 4. bare 5. empty 6. bare第50页/共57页1. shortly 2. track down 3. faint 4. motioned5. at the sight of 6. feel like 7. Slamming8. rang out9. contract 10. made for 11. heated 12. emergedEx.III-2 P81. host2. sprang up/ rang out 3. impulse 4. came to5. track down 6. unexpected 7. outgrow 8. widened9. shortly 10. emerge/ spring up 11. at the sight of 12. made for13. crisis14. colonialEx.III-3 P9第51页/共57页1. Jimmy has outgrown the shirts his aunt made for him a few years ago.2. Does the doctor think the elderly lady is likely to survive the operation?/ Its likely that the elderly lady will survive the operation?3. The other day your cousin paid us an unexpected visit.4. Dont you see the nurse motioning us to be silent?5. Her face lit up with joy at his return.6. The sound of her footsteps grew fainter as she walked farther away.Ex.III-4 P10第52页/共57页colonial: adj.spacious: adj. Suffixes: -al : of 的 (n. + = adj.) -ous : having the qualities of 具有性质的 (n. + = adj.) Exercise IV-1 P10Enriching Your Word Poweradditionalanxiouscourageousdangerousemotionalindustrialmedicalmusicalnationalpersonaladvantageousconditionalcuriouseducationalfamousintentional mountainousmysteriousoccasionalpractical第53页/共57页heated: adj.spirited: adj. Suffix: -ed: (n. + = adj.) having or having the characteristics of 有特征的Exercise IV-2 P11a heated discussiona pigtailed girla bearded old manan experienced teachera skilled workercolored flagsa gifted musiciana pointed roofan aged womana diseased plant第54页/共57页Homework I. Reading aloud and memorizing The American does not join in the argument but watches the other guests. As he looks, he sees a strange expression come over the face of the hostess. She is staring straight ahead, her muscles contracting slightly. She motions to the native boy standing behind her chair and whispers something to him. The boys eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room. (Para.5)第55页/共57页II. Translation 1. 她砰地关上门, 一声不吭地走了, 他们之间那场争执就此结束.2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外.3. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他?4. 你们应该理论联系实际, 培养应用语言的能力.5. 可以肯定的是, 奥运会将为北京带来成千上万的中外游客.Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the Americans.What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?You should combine theory with practice and develop the ability to use the language.It is certain that the Olympics will bring thousands of visitors from home and abroad to Beijing.第56页/共57页感谢您的观看！第57页/共57页
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