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单元语法聚焦三名词复数&实义动词have的用法一、名词复数1. I have two big eyes. 我有一双大眼睛。2. I dont have ears but I can hear you. 我没有耳朵，但我能听见你说什么。3. I have two long legs and two big feet. 我有两条长腿和两只大脚。4. Im 1.65 metres tall. 我身高1.65米。以上四个句子中都用了名词的复数形式。你知道名词的复数形式有哪些吗？下面就让我们一起探讨一下吧。1规则名词的复数(1)一般情况下，在词尾加s。例如：deskdesks(书桌); treetrees(树)(2)以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的名词，通常在词尾加es。例如：busbuses(公共汽车); boxboxes(盒子)；dishdishes(盘子)(3)以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词，将y变为i，再加es；以“元音字母y”结尾的名词，直接在词尾加s。例如：citycities(城市); boyboys(男孩)；keykeys(钥匙)(4)以o结尾的名词，有些在词尾加s，有些在词尾加es。例如：pianopianos(钢琴); tomatotomatoes(西红柿)注意：初中英语中，以o结尾的名词词尾后加s构成复数名词的有 zoo(动物园)，photo(照片)，piano (钢琴)；词尾加es的有tomato(西红柿)，potato(土豆)，hero(英雄)。(5)以f 或fe 结尾的名词，一般将f或fe改为ves。例如：knifeknives(小刀); thiefthieves(贼)；lifelives(生命); wifewives(妻子)注意：初中英语中，这类名词主要有wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(树叶)，thief(贼)，half(一半)，self(自己)，wolf(狼)；它们的复数形式均是将词尾的f或fe变为ves。另外，也有以f结尾的名词直接加s构成复数(如：roof roofs 屋顶)，但这在初中英语中很少见。2单数与复数同形的名词初中英语中，单数和复数同形的名词主要有sheep(绵羊)，fish(鱼)，deer(鹿)，Chinese(中国人)，Japanese(日本人)，Swiss(瑞士人)等。注意：fish 有时也用 fishes，这样的复数形式尤其表示种类。3不规则名词的复数有些名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则。例如：manmen(男人)；womanwomen(女人)；childchildren(孩子)；toothteeth(牙齿)；footfeet(脚); mousemice(老鼠)注意：一些以man, woman 结尾的合成词，构成复数时与 man, woman 的变化形式相同。例如：policemanpolicemen(警察)；policewomanpolicewomen(女)警察但是 human(人)，German(德国人)不是合成词，其复数不能仿照 man 的变化规律，而是按规则变化，即 humans, Germans。另外，当man和woman用于名词前作定语时，若其后被修饰的名词为复数，则man和woman也要用复数。例如：man nursemen nurses(男护士)woman doctorwomen doctors(女医生)4有些名词只有复数形式初中阶段常见的此类名词有clothes(衣服); glasses(眼镜); scissors(剪刀); pants(裤子); trousers(裤子)等。二、实义动词have的用法1. He has three black hairs. 他有3根黑色的头发。2. I have short black hair. 我留着黑色短发。3. He has green eyes. 他长着绿色的眼睛。通过观察教材上的这三个句子，我们可以看出，表示“某人拥有某物”时，我们通常会用到动词have。 关于它的用法，你了解多少呢？ 实义动词have句式用法肯定句I/You/We/They haveHe/She/It has一般疑问句Do I/you/we/they have？Does he/she/it have？否定句I/You/We/They dont haveHe/She/It doesnt have通过表格可以看出：have用作实义动词时，一般表示“有”，它的第三人称单数形式是has。1. 一般来说，主语是第三人称单数形式时，谓语动词用has；主语是其他人称时，谓语动词用have。例如：He has two names. 他有两个名字。I have an elder brother. 我有一个哥哥。2. 变一般疑问句时，通常借助助动词do或does。主语是第三人称单数时，借助于助动词does，句中 has还原为have；主语是其他人称时，借助于助动词do，即“Do/Does主语have？” 例如：Does she have any pencils? 她有铅笔吗？Do you have brothers？你有兄弟吗？3. 变否定句时，一般在have前加dont，在has前加doesnt，此时has还原为have，即“主语dont/doesnthave”。例如：They dont have children.他们没有孩子。 She doesnt have any pencils. 她没有铅笔。 记忆口诀实义动词have的用法动词have表示“有”，位置就在主语后。“三单”主语用has，其他人称用have。一般疑问两法变：一是把它提句前，二是把do/does来添。否定句子也一样，就看not怎么放。.把下列名词变成复数形式1book _2.dress _3story _ 4.potato _5radio _ 6.leaf _7glass _ 8.dish _.用have或has填空1I _ many good friends.2Tom _ big blue eyes.3My classroom _ eight windows.4The boy in blue pants _ long legs.5Jenny and Danny_ two black pens.用所给词的适当形式填空1I have two _(knife)2The _ (student) look sad. Whats wrong with them?3There are many _(bus) on the road.4A few _(boy) are drawing on the wall. 5The _(child) are playing football now.单项填空()1.They come from different _Acountry Bcountries Ca country Dcountrys()2.How many _ does a dog have?Sorry, I have no idea. Lets search(搜索) on the Internet(网络)Atooth Bteeth Ctooths Dtoothes()3.There are two _ and three _ on the table.Aapple; banana Bapples; bananaCapples; bananas Dapple; bananas()4.Most of _ live in _AChinese; Chinese BChina; ChinaCChinese; China DChina; Chinese()5.The robot can make _ for us. They are delicious.Aapple Bglasses Cnoodles Drices()6.My mother_ five white hairs.Ahave Bhas Cam Ddoesnt()7.My friend_ big ears.Aare Bis Chas Dhave()8.Tom and I_ a football.Ahave Bhas Care Dam()9.Does it_ small ears?Ahave Bhas Cis Dare()10.Do they have nice clothes? _AYes, they have BYes, they doCNo, they do DNo, they have()11.How many _ can you see in the picture?Two.Adog Bchild Csheeps Dsheep ()12.Are all the students from _ in your class?No，there are only 3 _ in our class. The others are from other countries.AGermany; GermenBGermany; GermansCGerman; GermansDGerman; Germany()13.Im a little hungry now. I only drank(喝) some _ before I came to school.Abread BmilkCbanana Dnoodle()14.Health is important(重要的) to us teenagers(青少年)，so we should eat more vegetables such as _ to keep healthy.Atomatoes and potatoesBtomatos and potatosCtomatos and potatoes Dtomatoes and potatos.按要求完成下列各题，每空一词1The girl has a big hat.(改为否定句)The girl _ _ a big hat.2Tom and Jim have red shirts.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)_ Tom and Jim _ red shirts?_， _ _3Tom has a beautiful classroom.(用they代替Tom 改写句子)_ _ a beautiful classroom.4He has short black hair.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)_ he _ short black hair?_， _ _5My teachers have a_good_office(对画线部分提问)_ _ your teachers _？详解详析【实战演练】.1.books2.dresses3.stories4potatoes5.radios6.leaves7glasses8.dishes.1.have2.has3.has4has5.have.1.knives2.students3.buses4boys5.children.15BBCCC610BCAAB1114DBBA .1.doesnt have2Do; have; Yes; they do3They have4Does; have; No; he doesnt5What do; have9
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