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Unit 1 Festivals around the world单元要点预览词 汇 部 分词语 辨析1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out2. celebrate / congratulate 3. gather / collect4. award / reward词形 变化1. beauty n.美,美丽；美人，美的东西beautiful adj.美的，美 丽的 beautifully adv.美肥地；优美地beautify v.美化，变美2. religion n.宗教，信仰religious adj.宗教的，虔诚的3. satisfy vt.满足；使满忌satisfaction n.满忌satisfying adj.令人满忌的satisfied感到满忌的4. arrive vi. 到达，到来arrival n.到达，到来, 到达者/物5. depend vi.依罪，信赖, 决定于dependent adj.cS的, 依赖的 independentadj.独立的，自主的dependence n信赖，依 赖 independence n.独 立，自立6. energy n.活力，能源energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的energetically adv.精力充沛地，积极地7. apologize vi. 道歉， 认错apology n.道歉，认错8. sad adj.悲哀的；十分糟 糕的，令人伤心遗憾的sadly adv.悲哀地；凄惨地sadness n悲哀；悲痛； 凄惨重点 单词1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 思思是； 忌打算； 预te2. starve vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死3. belief n. c,u信任；信仰；信心4. gain vt.获得；彳导到n.c,u收获；获利5. admire vt.赞美；钦佩；友慕6. permission n.u 许可； 允许7. remind vt.提醒；使想起8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅； 饶恕重点 词组1. take place发生;举行2. in memory of 纪念；追念3. dress up盛装；打扮；装饰4. play a trick on对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑5. look forward to 盼望；期待6. turn up出现；到达；发现；调大（音量等）7. keep one s word 用；履行诺百8. hold one s breath ；屏住气9. set off出发；动身；使爆炸重点句子1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.重点语法情态动词的两类重要用法：1.表示推测 2.征询意见（见语法部分）4五等IE占出 口 K、I.词语辨析1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out【解释】take place表示发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。happen作发生、碰巧”解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。occur作 发生、想到、突然想起 ”解，其意义相当于happen。come about表示发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。break out意思为 发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也 可以表示突然大声叫喊等。【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。1) . Great changes have(发生)in our hometown during the past ten years.2) .(我突然想起 )I saw him on my way home yesterday.3) . I(碰巧)to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened(介词)her?4) . When the Second World War(爆发),Tom was only a newborn infant.5) . I ll never understand how itthat you were late three times a week.6) . A big earthquake(发生)in the south of China last year.答案：1). taken place2). It occurred to me that3). happened; to 4). broke out5) . came about6). occurred / happened2. celebrate / congratulate【解释】celebrate庆祝，后面跟某个节日或物。congratulate 祝贺一般搭配为 congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.祝贺某人某事”。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1) . We all Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition.2) . At Christmas the people in the western countries will the birth of Jesus.3) . Let s hold a party to your birthday and at the same time youyour passing the examination.答案：1). congratulated 2). celebrate 3). celebrate; congratulate; on3. gather / collectgather用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、 书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。collect强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些事物进行逐渐的收集。这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表“聚集；聚拢”。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1) . The dustmen the rubbish once a week.2) . A group of people were at the accident spot.3) . She up her scattered belongings and left.4) . So when did you start antique glass?答案：1). collect 2). gathering/(collecting) 3). gathered/collected 4). collecting4. award / rewardaward n.奖品、 奖金，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.vt.授与“、 颁发、 判给award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.reward n.赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬 as a rewardvt.表示 报答、酬谢之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1) . They John the first prize in the contest.2) . Is that how you me for my help?3) . The film won an its photography.答案：1). awarded 2). reward 3). award; forn .词性变化1. beauty n.美,美丽；美人，美的东西beautiful adj.美的，美丽的beautifully adv.美丽地；优美地beautify v.美化，变美2. religion n.宗教，信仰religious adj.宗教的，虔诚的3. satisfy vt.满足；使满忌satisfaction n.满忌satisfying adj.令人满忌的satisfied感到满忌的4. arrive vi. 到达，到来arrival n.到达，到来，到达者/物5. depend vi.依罪，信赖, 决定于dependent adj.依罪的，依赖的 independent adj.独立的，自主的dependence n信赖，依赖 independence n.独立，自立6. energy n.活力， 能源energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的energetically adv.精力充沛 地，积极地7. apologize vi. 道歉，认错apology n.道歉，认错8. sad adj.悲哀的；十分糟 糕的，令人伤心遗憾的sadly adv.悲哀地；凄惨地sadness n悲哀;悲痛；凄惨【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1) . We should respect the(religion) activities of the local people.2) . To the experts (satisfy), the sick child had a quick recovery.3) . He is the most(energy) boy I have ever met.4) . Nowadays lots of young people want financial(depend).5) . Mike was arrested on his(arrive) from New York.6) . You must make an(apologize) to your sister for being so rude.7) . He expressed his(sad) about what had happened.8). Their house is(beauty) decorated. 答案：1). religious2). satisfaction3). energetic4). independence5). arrival6). apology7). sadness8). beautifullyin.重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是； 意味着； 打算； 预定典例1) . The sign means that the road is blocked.这个标志表示此路不通。2) . What do you mean to do with it? 你打算把它怎样处理？3) . I mean you to work as our spokesman. 我想请你当我们的代言人。重点用法(sth.) mean doing sth. 意味着(sb) mean to do sth. 打算做had meant to do sth.本来打算做某事be meant for打算作用；打算给(sth.) be meant to do sth.被预定/指定/认为做某事What do/did you mean by.? 你”是什么意思？”练习按要求填空或翻译。4) . Can you tell me what this sentence(mean)?5) . Your friendship(mean) a great deal(介，) me.6) . In some parts of London, missing a bus means(wait) for another hour.7) . What did he mean(介词)saying that remark?8) . I(本来打算来)yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.9) .这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。答案：1). mean 2). means; to 3). waiting 4). by 5). had meant to come6) .These rooms are meant for the children s centre.2. starve vi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿彳#要死starvation n.u饿死典例1) . The enemy is trying to starve us to death. 敌人正在企图饿死我们。2) . I m starving; let s have albgdinner了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。3) . He said he would starve rather than beg for food.他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。重点用法starve to death = die of starvation/hunger 饿死 starve sb to death 把某人饿死starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. 希望 /渴望得至 U某物练习用starve的短语的适当形式填空。4) . Thousands of people in Africa.5) . These children are love.6) . The people on the island fresh water since it hadn t rained fornearly half a year.Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of3. belief n. c,u信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi.相信典例1) . He has great belief in his doctor.他对那位医生无比信赖。2) . She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝(不相信真有上帝)。 重点用法 have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心beyond belief 难以置信in the belief that.相信It is my belief that. 我相信 练习 用 belief 的短语填空。3) . He came to me I could help him.4) . that nuclear weapons are immoral.5) . The cruelty of the murders was .答案： 1). in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief4. gain vt. 获得；得到n.c,u 收获；获利 典例 该词有三种含义：1) . 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。2) . 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。3) . (钟，表)走快This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5 分钟。 重点用法 gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望 /独立gain sth. from 从处获得某物gain other s respect / love / tS#另1J人的尊敬 /爱戴 /信任No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘 , 一分收获。5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕 admiration n.u 钦佩；羡慕 典例 1) . I admire your courage and wisdom. 我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。2) . I admired the way she had coped with life. 我钦佩她面对生活的方式。 重点用法 admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. 在某方面钦佩某人in admiration 赞美地 /钦佩地 练习 中译英。1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。_2)_._所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。3) . 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。答案： 1). We all admire him for his courage and bravery.4) . All those who knew him admired him for winning the Nobel Prize for chemistry.5) . I watched the girl playing the piano in admiration.6. permission n.u许可；允许 permit vt.准许；许可；允许 n.许可(证)；执照 典例 You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。 重点用法 with/without (one s) permfiSSOn许 /未经允许ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事have one s permission1)某人的同意 练习 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1) . They entered the area (未经允许).2) . The prison authorities permit (visit) only once a month.3) . We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather (permit).4) . You will need to obtain planning (permit) if you want to extend your house.答案： 1). without permission 2). visiting 3). permitting 4). permission7. remind vt. 提醒；使想起 典例 1) . This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。2) . I reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。3) . Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。 重点用法 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb. that.提醒某人/使某人想起 练习 中译英。1) . 这些照片使我想起我的童年。2) . 请提醒我要每天服三次药。答案： 1). These photos remind me of my childhood.2) . Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day.Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅；饶恕 典例 1) . I ll never forgive yoU!永远都不会饶恕你！2) . He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误。 重点用法 forgive sb. (for) sth. 原谅某人的某事forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事 练习 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1) . I ll never 因你所说的话而原谅你_ () you said to me.2) . They (forgive) him for his crimes.3) . Forgive my (interrupt) you.答案： 1). forgive you for what 2). forgave 3). interruptingW .重点词组(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)1. take place vi. 发生 ;举行 典例 1) . The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。2) . The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home.事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。 短语归纳 take the place of (动词短语)代替 /取代in place of (介词短语)代替；交换take sb s place / take the place of幽某人的座位；代替某人的职务in the last place 最后in place 放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的out of place 不在合适的位置；不适当的in the first place ( 列举理由 )首先 ,第一点in one s pla她于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想 练习 用 place 短语的适当形式填空。3) . A little gratitude would be .4) . I m at a loss what to do next. What wouylodu do (if you were ) ?5) . Plastics have many other materials.6) . We use plastics many other materials.7) . While the manager was on holiday, he .答案： 1). in place 2). in my place 3). taken the place of 4). in place of 5). took his/her place2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念；追念 典例 1) . Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。2) . The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。 短语归纳 in + n. + of 短语：in honour of为了纪念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂in favor of 赞同 , 支持in charge of 负责in need of 需要in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有in place of 代替 练习 用 in + n. + of 构成的词组填空。3) . A monument was set up the dead soldiers.4) . He founded the charity ( 兴办那项慈善事业)his late wife.5) . If you are anything, don t hesitate to let me know.6) . In the discussion, I was Mr. Li.答案： 1). in memory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰 典例 1) . Don t bother to dress up. Come as you are不著穿讲究衣服就穿平常的衣服来吧。2) . We re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie charcaters for the party.我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。 短语归纳 dress 短语：dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色)dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服 练习 用 dress 构成的词组填空。3) . The boy a short pant.4) . He Christmas Father to amuse the children.5) . The kids are too young to , so she has to every morning.答案：1). was dressed in 2). dressed up as 3). dress themselves; dress them4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧 / 诈骗 /开玩笑；对某人施计谋 典例 The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。 短语归纳 play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 练习 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1) . He was let in by playing a trick ( 介词 ) the guard.2) . She hated (play) tricks on in public.答案： 1). on 2). being played5. look forward to 盼望；期待 典例 1) . I m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacatio俄期待暑假见至U你。2) . I m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。 短语归纳 短语中 to 是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing 形式：lead to 导致；通向 object to 反对 refer to 查阅；提到 stick to 粘住；坚持 add to 增加add up to总计 compareto 把比作 see to负责，处理get close to 接近； 差点 get down to 着手做get/be used to 习惯于pay attention to 注意put an end to 结束，停止 admit to 承认 devote.to贡献给；致力于 练习 用所给词的适当形式填空。1) . The boy hurried forward (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had beenlooking forward to (see) it for a long time.2) . The day I had been looking forward to (come).3) . I used to (get) up late, but now I m used to (get) up early.答案： 1). to see; seeing 2). came 3). get; getting6. turn up 出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等 ) 典例 1) . It s time for the meeting, but he hasn 到开会的时间了，但他还没到。 t turned up.2) . Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news. 请把收音机音量调大, 我想听听新闻。 短语归纳 turn 短语：turn on 打开 (煤气、自来水、电灯等)turn off 关上turn down 减弱，降低，拒绝turn around/about 转过身来turn away 转过头turn out 生产，制造； (常与 to, that 连用 )结果是turn to sb./sth. (for help)向求助，查阅 练习 用 turn 词组填空。1) . Don t worry. The file is sure to .t hear clearly.2) . Please the television a bit, I can3) . It that it was Tim who broke the vase.4). The sad childhis mother for comfort.答案： 1). turn up 2). turn; up 3)7. keep one s word (= keep one. turned out 4). turned to东信romise灯诺言 典例 He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。 短语归纳 word 短语：break one s word/prom速背诺言，失信leave word 留言，口信have a word with sb. 和某人说几句话take back one s words自己说过的话in a/one word 总之，简言之 in words 练习 用 word 词组填空。1). His score was only 53. Word came that有消息传来说 have/say the last word 下结论；说了算have words with sb. 与某人争吵in other words 换句话说，也就是说用文字beyond words 无法用语言表达_, he failed in the exam.2) . Could I with you, Miss Jones?3) . You ll find that she is a girl who always .4) . , I think he s a fool.答案： 1). In other words 2). have a word 3). keeps/breaks her word 4). In a word8. hold one s breath ;屏住气 典例 1) . How long can you hold your breath for? 你能屏住呼吸多久?2) . The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope.杂技演员走钢丝时, 观众都屏住了呼吸。 短语归纳 breath 短语：(be) out of/short of breath 呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气catch one s breBth气；歇口气lose one s breOt惴嘘嘘；上气不接下气get one s breat叁正常呼吸waste one s breath (on sb颂时某人/某事物)白费唇舌save one s breath、白费唇舌 练习 用 breath 短语填空。1) . He while the results were read out.2) . They won t listen, so don t telling them.3) . It s useless talking to him. You may as well .4) . It took us a few minutes to after the race.5) . I m a bit after my run.答案： 1). held his breath 2). waste your breath 3). save your breath4). get our breath back 5). out of breath8. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸 典例 1) . What time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你打算明天几点钟启程?2) . The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了六个人。 短语归纳 set 短语：set off for a place 出发到某地set about doing sth 开始(某工作) ；着手做某事set out 从某地出发上路set out to do sth. 开始做某事set sth up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立set sth aside 将某事物放在一边； (为某目的)节省或保留钱或时间练习 用 set 词组填空。1) . The new government must finding solutions to the country s economicproblems.2) . The children the fireworks in the yard.3) . She a bit of money every month.4) . They a statue in honor of the national hero.5) . They ve on a journey round the world.答案： 1). set about 2). set off 3). sets aside 4). set up 5). set off/outV.重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。解释 as though / as if 好像 ” ,引导表语从句和方式状语“从句：1) . 引导方式状语从句She acted as though nothing had happened.她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。当从句主语和主句主语一致，从句谓语中又含有动词be时，可把主语和be一起省去。He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。2) .引导表语从句It looks as if it s goinfftorSn要下雨了。3) . as though 和 as if 从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。 练习 用所给词的适当形式填空。1) . The pencil looks as if it (break) with half of it in the glass of water.2) . Li Ming speaks English very well as though he (be) an Englishman.3) . It seems as if our team(be) going to win.4) . He talks about pyramids as though he(see) them himself.答案：1). were broken2). were 3). is 4). had seen2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。解释It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构：It was obvious/clear that二 obviously/ cleOSy,显，显而易见 ”It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should doIt is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should doIt is said/believed/reported/announced/expe cted/ + that 练习翻译句子。1) .真奇怪，这么重要的会议，他居然缺席。2) .显然，你错了。3) .他竟然向我们撒慌，真是可耻。4) .据报道，双方的会谈有进展。答案：1). It was strange that he should have been absent from such an important meeting.2) . It is obvious that you are wrong. / Obviously, you re wrong.3) . It was a shame that he should have lied to us.4) . It is reported that the talks between the two sides are making progress.VI .课文要点I .课文词汇填空根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：There are all kinds of celebrations 1 (遍及)the world. Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the Dead are held to honour the 2 (death) or to satisfy the ancestors. Festivals can also 3 (hold) to honour famous people. In China, theDragon Boat Festival honours the famous 4 (古代的)poet, Ou Yuan. The mostenergetic and important 5 (节 日 )are Spring Festivals 6 look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in 7, people eat suchthings 8 dumplings, fish, and meat and give children lucky money in red paper. Some western countries have very 9 (excite) carnivals, which take place forty days beforeEaster, usually in 10 (二月)答案：1. throughout 2. dead 3 be held 4. ancient 5. festivals 6. which 7. China 8. as 9. exciting 10. February VII.单元自测 一、品句填词1 .Many children s to death in Africa for lack of food.2 .They thought if they held some festivals, their a would be satisfied with what they had done.3 .The colour of our n flag is red with five yellow stars on it.4 .Under the leadership of our party, we finally got i from the other countries5 .At the beginning of the year, farmers usually have a lot of a work to do.6 .The c of some European countries are quite different from ours.7 .The w is a kind of fruit, which is quite famous in our city.8 .I hope you will always be e when having classes.9 .Witho ut the teacher s p, you cannot play with the computer in our class.10 .He cheated her, which she would never f.11 .No pains, no g.1.1 I haven t much b in his honesty , because he often tells lies.13 .Do you know the （起源）of life on earth?14 .He got a lot of （奖状）for his excellent study.15 .His nervousness was （显然的）right from the start.16 .They entered the area without （允许）.答案：1. starved 2. ancestors 3. national 4. independence 5. agricultural 6. customs7. watermelon 8. energetic 9. permission10. forgive 11. gains 12. belief 13. origin（s）14. awards 15. obvious 16. permission二、重点短语再现1.出现；到场2.出发；动身；使爆炸3.搞恶作居14.纪念；追念5.盛装；打扮；装饰6.期望7.玩得开心8.守信用9.屏息10.使想起答案：1. turn up 2. set off 3. play a trick on 4. in memory of 5. dress up 6. look forward to 7. have fun with 8. keep ones word 9. hold ones breath 10. remind of三、短语运用throw away, turn up , apologize to , fall in love, get married, forgive oneself, hold one s brekeep one s word1 .We invited her to dinner but she hadn t.1.1 must to you for not being able to meet you.3.I can t
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